Bos indicus and Bos taurus crossbred dairy cattle in Australia. II. Effect of calf removal and prolactin treatment

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Hayman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Filial Generation ◽  
Maternal Instinct ◽  
Calf Removal

Some 70 % of filial generation Red Sindhi x Jersey and Sahiwal x Jersey crossbred animals were discarded from the dairy herd on the F. D. McMaster Field Station, CSIRO, because of failure to continue in lactation when separated from their calves. This well-known characteristic of Bos indicus cattle, generally referred to as 'maternal instinct,' has been assumed to emanate from the dam's sense of loss on separation from her offspring. Observations on animals in the Field Station herd suggested that this separation causes the dam to cease producing secretory hormones with consequent cessation of lactation. Two systems of management, in one of which the calf was separated from its dam within 24 hr of birth while in the other the dam and offspring were allowed to run together for 10 days, both failed to overcome the problem. Injections of oxytocin after separation were also unsuccessful. Some success was obtained by daily injections of 250 i.u. of prolactin for the 10 days immediately following the separation of dam and offspring, and it was concluded that the presence of the calf stimulated prolactin secretion by the pituitary. Continuation of injections over a period of 7-10 days enabled some animals to continue their lactation without the stimulation afforded by the calf.

Bos indicus and Bos taurus crossbred dairy cattle in Australia. I. Crossbreeding with selection among filial generations

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Hayman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Filial Generation ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Maternal Instinct ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dairy Animal

An attempt to breed a dairy animal having satisfactory milk production in a difficult environment is reported. Red Sindhi and Sahiwal (Bos indicus) males crossed with Jersey (Bos taurus) females were used as foundation breeds, and each cross was bred on to the F3 generation. All females in each generation were milked for at least one lactation. Males used as sires in each generation were chosen from progeny of the best available females. The report covers the 16 year period 1955–1970 and is based on the first lactation records of parental females and their F1, F2, and F3 progenies. Owing to the phenomenon known as "maternal instinct", the mean first lactation milk yield of each filial generation was inferior to that of the parental generation of Jerseys. The Jersey mean was 1944 kg milk in 206 days, that of F1, F2, and F3 Sahiwal x Jersey crosses 815 kg in 112 days, and that of F1, F2, and F3 Sindhi x Jersey crosses 375 kg in 83 days. Maximum first lactation yield recorded for a Jersey was 4536 kg in 305 days, for a Sahiwal x Jersey cross 4649 kg in 305 days, and for a Sindhi x Jersey cross 2694 kg in 305 days. The range in recorded milk yields among F2 and F3 Sahiwal x Jersey females indicated that selection against maternal instinct and for total milk yield would be effective.

scholarly journals Differential expression of microRNAs associated with thermal stress in Frieswal (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) crossbred dairy cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyanendra Singh Sengar ◽  
Rajib Deb ◽  
Umesh Singh ◽  
T. V. Raja ◽  
Rajiv Kant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Crossbred Dairy Cattle

Evaluation of Bos indicus and Bos taurus straightbreds and crosses. II. Post-weaning growth, puberty, and pelvic size of heifers

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Hearnshaw ◽  
PF Arthur ◽  
R Barlow ◽  
PJ Kohun ◽  
RE Darnell
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
The Other ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pelvic Size

Post-weaning growth and body condition, puberty and pelvic size of 197 heifers comprising straightbred Hereford (HxH) and Brahman (BxB), first-cross (BxH) and back-cross (HxBH and BxBH) heifers were evaluated. The heifers were born over a 3 year period, and grazed improved and semi-improved pastures following weaning at Grafton, New South Wales. Prior to weaning, heifers had been reared by dams on three pasture systems (high, medium and low quality pastures). Heifers from low quality pre-weaning pasture had higher (P < 0.05) post-weaning liveweight gain than those from high and medium quality pastures. BxH heifers gained 71 g/day more (P < 0.05) than the mean gain of their contemporaries of the other genotypes, whose gains were similar, from weaning to either 26 or to 30 months of age. Liveweight at all ages was influenced by genotype x pre-weaning pasture system interaction. At 30 months of age, BxH heifers from high and medium pre-weaning pastures were the heaviest. At the same age, but from low quality pre-weaning pasture, heifers with crossbred dams (HxBH and BxBH) were the heaviest. Wither height depended significantly (P < 0.05) on the proportion of Bos indicus genes, increasing from 113.8 cm in the HxH heifers to 124.4 cm in the BxB heifers at 30 months of age. BxH heifers had a higher (P < 0.05) body condition score than their contemporaries of the other genotypes, which were in similar condition, at 26 and 30 months of age. On average (across pre-weaning pasture system), 9% of BxB heifers had reached puberty by 22 months of age compared to 62, 95, 82 and 64% (s.e.= 9) for HxH, HxBH, BxH and BxBH heifers respectively. No significant genotype differences were obtained in the height, width and size of the pelvic opening of the heifers, measured just prior to the beginning of the mating season at 26 months of age.

Bos indicus and Bos taurus crossbred dairy cattle in Australia. IV.* Progeny testing and expected rate of genetic improvement

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
IR Franklin ◽  
RH Hayman ◽  
RO Hewetson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Tick Resistance

A dairy improvement program designed to develop a breed of cattle adapted to tropical environments is described. Each year young crossbred (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) bulls are screened for heat tolerance and tick resistance, and then progeny-tested in the herds of cooperating dairy farmers. Estimates of phenotypic and genetic means, variances and correlations are presented for production of milk and milk components, and the rate of genetic improvement is discussed. In particular the heritability of milk yield in the crossbred progeny is 0.27, and the theoretical rate of improvement is 2.6% per year. ____________________ *Part III, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 25: 1023 (1974).

scholarly journals Bos indicus or Bos taurus mitochondrial DNA - comparison of productive and reproductive breeding values in a Guzerat dairy herd

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 592-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C.C. Paneto ◽  
J.B.S. Ferraz ◽  
J.C.C. Balieiro ◽  
J.F.F. Bittar ◽  
M.B.D. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Breeding Values

Comparative digestive ability and microbial population of Sistani (bos indicus) and Holstein (bos taurus) cattle fed different roughage diets

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 116-116
Author(s):  
H. Mansouri ◽  
A. Nikkhah ◽  
M. Rezaeian ◽  
M. Moradi ◽  
S. A. Mirhadi
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Population ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
N Limitation ◽  
Animal Survival ◽  
End Products ◽  
Limiting Nutrient

There is conflict regarding the relative abilities of Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle to digest the feedstuffs. Part of this conflict may have arisen because a wide variety of diets have been fed at different range of intakes and only digestibility in whole tract measured. Generally no attempts have been made to partition rumen and post-rumen digestion or to assess the relative importance of rumen digestion and clearance between diets and between genotypes. Nitrogen (N) is frequently a major limiting nutrient for ruminants specially when they are given diets of mature herbage. On the other hand the extent to which cattle are able to recycle urea-N from blood to rumen for utilization in production of microbial protein could have an important influence on animal survival under condition of severe N limitation. The present experiment was designed to compare rumen microbial population and the end products of rumen fermentation between Sistani (Bos indicus) and Holstein (Bos taurus) breeds.

scholarly journals Can the Meat from Angus Crossbreds with Bos indicus Dams Compete with that from Bos taurus Dams in Organoleptic Properties and Fatty Acid Profile?

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 433-442
Author(s):  
Niraporn CHAIWANG ◽  
Thanaporn BUNMEE ◽  
Kittipong SAMOOTKWAM ◽  
Bulgul TIPNATE ◽  
Amphon WARITTHITHAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Practical Relevance ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Holstein Friesian

It was experimentally determined whether crossbreeding with Bos indicus dams compared to Bos taurus dams may provide meat which is competitive in organoleptic properties and fatty acid (FA) profile and if tenderness, assumed to be lower, is really adversely affected. Eight Black Angus × White Lamphun (A×W) bulls were compared with 8 Black Angus × Holstein Friesian (A×H). M. longissimus thoracis, M. semimembranosus and M. infraspinatus were analyzed for organoleptic properties and objective explanatory properties related to tenderness, as well as FA profile.Tenderness was judged lower in the M. infraspinatus of A×W than A×H, but not in the other muscles. Shear force and collagen solubility tended (P < 0.10) to be lower in all 3 muscles of A×W compared to those of A×H. The fat content of the M. longissimus thoracis from A×W was lower than that from A×H. The lipids in the M. longissimus thoracis from A×W were richer in polyunsaturated FA and total n-3 FA, and poorer in C18:0 and saturated FA than those of A×H. Furthermore, the lipids of the M. semimembranosus from A×W had higher proportions of C14:1 and C16:1 than that of A×H. The FA in the M. infraspinatus from A×W had higher proportions of C18:3 n-3, mono-unsaturated FA and total n-3 FA and the proportion of saturated FA was lower than in A×H. The M. infraspinatus from A×W was lower in cholesterol content than that from A×H. There were some differences in tenderness (inferior in White Lamphun crossbreds) and FA profile (superior in White Lamphun crossbreds), but differences were numerically small and, thus, may be of low practical relevance. Therefore, crossbreeding with indigenous Bos indicus cattle does not seem to be restricted by low meat quality.

Effects of once-yearly weaning on some aspects of herd productivity in an extensive herd in the semi-arid tropics of northern Australia

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Sullivan ◽  
PK O'Rourke ◽  
DJ Robertson ◽  
D Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Year ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Native Pastures ◽  
Compensatory Gain ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Semi Arid

Cow reproductive rates, mortalities and liveweights, and steer growth rates from a herd of 500 Bos indicus - Bos taurus cross cows and their progeny were recorded over a period of 4 years from June 1981. The cattle grazed native pastures and were not supplemented. Cows which had a calf of more than 100 kg in June were allocated to 2 treatments: weaned and unweaned. Where the calf weighed less than this amount, cows were allocated to a separate 'young calf group. In the year following branding, weaning increased (P<0.05) conception rate from 73.9 to 93.8% and reduced (P<0.05) cow mortality rate from 14.1 to 4.5%, relative to the unweaned group. On average, weaned cows conceived 3 months earlier (P<0.05) than the other 2 groups, in November, and 27% of weaned cows subsequently calved out of season the following year, compared to 4% of the other groups. This affected subsequent weaning management by increasing the number of calves too young to wean in June. Weaned steers grew at a reduced (P<0.05) rate during the first year post-weaning. Despite compensatory gain in the next 2 years, they were still 26 kg lighter (P<0.05) than their unweaned counterparts at 3.5 years of age.

Genetic and environmental effects on the fertility of beef cattle in a tropical environment.

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Mackinnon ◽  
DJS Hetzel ◽  
JF Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Filial Generation ◽  
Reciprocal Crossing ◽  
Calving Rate

Calving data recorded over a 28-year period were analysed for the effects of breed, filial generation, lactational status, cow liveweight at mating and year of mating. The herd comprised six distinct breeding lines ('breeds') and analysis was performed both within and across breeds. The least fertile breeds were the high grade (314-718) Africander (A) and high grade (718-purebred) Brahman (B) cows which had average calving rates of 56% and 55%, respectively. Crossing these with a Hereford- Shorthorn line, which had an average calving rate of 6O%, resulted in 19% heterosis (in absolute calving percentage units) in the F1 Africander-cross (AX) and 16% heterosis in the F1 Brahman-cross (BX). In subsequent generations, 13% residual heterosis remained in the AX, while in the BX only 1% remained. Reciprocal crossing of the AX and BX lines generated 6% heterosis in the Fl AXBX, and all of this was maintained in subsequent generations. In the F2 et seq. generations of the AXBX, the line of animals carrying the Bos indicus Y chromosome was similarly fertile (P> 0.05) to the line carrying the Bos taurus Y chromosome. Lactating mature (3 5-year-old) cows were on average 15% less fertile than non-lactating cows. This lactation effect was larger in younger cows. There was a curvilinear response in fertility to increasing liveweight at mating which was most pronounced in 2-year-old heifers. Breed appeared to react differently to the effects of environmental stress where the AX and HS cows were limited more by liveweight, and the BX and AXBX were more limited by lactation effects per se. Lactating cows that also lactated in the previous year were 6% more fertile than lactating cows that were dry the previous year, suggesting that calving records are moderately repeatable and therefore that permanent differences in fertility could be established by phenotypic selection.

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