Diseases of broad bean (Vicia faba L. major) and green pea (Pisum sativum L.) in Tasmania caused by subterranean clover red leaf virus

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Broad Bean ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Aphid Transmission ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Subterranean Clover Stunt Virus ◽  
Efficient Vector ◽  
Green Pea ◽  
Leaf Virus

A leaf-roll disease of broad bean, similar to that induced by bean leaf roll virus (BLRV) in Europe, is common in Tasmania. Subterranean clover red leaf virus (SCRLV) was transmitted to subterranean clover test seedlings by using its most efficient vector, Aulacorthum solani (Kalt.), from 84% of 204 randomly selected affected broad bean plants. The disease was reproduced in broad bean with SCRLV in controlled aphid transmission tests. Effects of infection on yield were severe, as further pod set was markedly reduced after symptoms of infection developed. There was some variation among cultivars in their response to infection. The virus occurred as commonly in green pea crops as in broad bean. In pea it caused a top yellowing, but most commercially grown pea cultivars had some tolerance. Subterranean clover stunt virus (SCSV) caused symptoms in broad bean and pea which were also similar to those induced by SCRLV. However, SCSV was rarely found infecting plants in Tasmanian pea and bean crops. BLRV, SCRLV and SCSV share many properties in common and with some other viruses.

scholarly journals Three strains of bean yellow mosaic virus: symptoms and accumulation in eight pea cultivars (Pisum sativum L.)

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Jari P. T. Valkonen
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mild Mosaic ◽  
Vein Clearing ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Test Plants

A pea mosaic strain and a bean strain of bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) were isolated from naturally infected pea and broad bean plants and named BYMV-Ps and BYMV-Vf, respectively. A third strain of BYMV isolated from Gladiolus (BYMV-G) was obtained from Denmark which was distinguished from the two above strains serologically and by its symptoms in test plants. BYMV-Ps and BYMV-Vf caused yellow mosaic symptoms and green mosaic symptoms, respectively, in eight pea cultivars tested, but the concentration of BYMV varied among the cultivars. BYMV-G caused mild mosaic or vein clearing in peas. A need to improve resistance to BYMV in the Finnish pea varieties was recognized.

Red-leaf virus - a newly recognized virus disease of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.)

1971 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 615 ◽  
Author(s):  
AW Kellock
Keyword(s):  
Indicator Species ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Medicago Littoralis ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Clover Seed ◽  
Leaf Virus

A previously undescribed virus disease, for which the name subterranean clover red-leaf virus (SCRLV) is proposed, affects subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) in the northern and southern pasture belts of Victoria. The leaves of infected plants are red and the plants may collapse and die. The virus was transmitted by the aphid Acyrthosiphon solani (Kltb.), but not by the aphids Myzus persicae (Sulz.), Aphis cracciuora Koch, or A. gossjpii Glover. The virus was not sap-transmissible nor was there any evidence of transmission through subterranean clover seed. A. solani transmitted the virus to 45 cultivars of subterranean clover, and also to white clover (T. repens L.), red clover (T. pratense L.), strawberry clover (T. fragiferum L.), strand medic (Medicago littoralis L.), and barrel medic (M. trunculata L.). The virus was not transmitted to several other indicator species. The virus persisted in the vector after a moult and thus the mode of transmission is of the circulative type. The acquisition, transmission, and availability thresholds were 6 hr, 20 min, and 4 days respectively. After an acquisition feed, the virus had a latent period of about 12 hr in the vector. SCRLV resembles other members of the leaf-roll group of persistent aphid-borne viruses. The present cryptogram for the virus is */* : */* : */* : S/Ap.

Some luteovirus diseases in Tasmania caused by beet western yellows and subterranean clover red leaf viruses

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 821 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR Johnstone ◽  
JE Duffus
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Beet Western Yellows Virus ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Leaf Virus

A range of crop plants, pasture legumes and weeds, mostly with yellows symptoms similar to those caused by luteoviruses, were collected from the field around Tasmania and checked for infection with beet western yellows virus (BWYV) and subterranean clover red leaf virus (SCRLV) using aphids and indicator plants. BWYV was recovered from 216 of 897 plants tested, representing 30 different species and including 16 not previously recorded as natural hosts. SCRLV was recovered from 163 of 637 plants, representing twelve species including four not previously recorded as natural hosts. BWYV was isolated most often from composites and crucifers, while SCRLV was recovered most frequently from legumes. Eight plants were found infected with both viruses together. In host range studies, Tasmanian isolates of BWYV caused symptoms in lettuce, subterranean clover and sugar beet like those seen on these plants in the field from which the virus was isolated, and were thus similar to isolates of BWYV from North America. The Tasmanian isolates of BWYV were also closely related serologically to Californian isolates of BWYV; these were serologically quite distinct from isolates of SCRLV, and both these groups were serologically distinct from legume yellows virus and from potato leaf roll virus.

THESIS SUMMARY STUDIES OF ALFALFA MOSAIC VIRUS AND SUBTERRANEAN CLOVER RED LEAF VIRUS

1979 ◽  
pp. 163-164
Author(s):  
P.B. Teh
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Transmission Frequency ◽  
Virus Source ◽  
Leaf Virus

AMV was shown to be transmitted by sap, aphids and through lucerne seed, but not by Cuscuta. Virus source and test plant influenced transmission frequency. Sap-inoculation tests showed that 20 species of plants were susceptible to this virus. Thirteen species of plants from the fields where AMV had been detected were tested but only three were found to be infected with the virus.

scholarly journals First Detection of Faba bean necrotic yellow virus in Spain

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Babin ◽  
V. Ortíz ◽  
S. Castro ◽  
J. Romero
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Aphid Transmission ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Yellow Virus ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Faba Beans

Faba bean necrotic yellow virus (FBNYV) was not detected during 1994 to 1996 field surveys of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) in Spain (1). In 1997, however, one sample with symptoms of necrosis, collected in Baleares, was tested using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and was positive for both Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and FBNYV. FBNYV is a single-strand DNA virus that is transmitted by aphids and is the main virus disease of broad bean in North Africa and West Asia (2). During 1997 to 1999, faba bean plants with symptoms of necrosis, yellowing, small leaves, and stunting were collected from several fields in the Murcia Region (Spain) and were analyzed using ELISA. To detect FBNYV, we used monoclonal 2E9 supplied by H. J. Vetten (Institute of Plant Virology, Microbiology and Biosafety, BBA, Braunschweig, Germany). Of 700 samples analyzed, 34 were positive for FBNYV. Of the 34 positive samples, 12 tested positive, using commercial antiserum from Loewe, Inc. (Munich) for mixed infections with TSWV. FBNYV was transmitted to healthy faba bean plants by aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) in greenhouse experiments and was confirmed by ELISA. Preliminary epidemiological data showed a gradual increase in the number of plants infected with time in the same field. Aphid transmission of FBNYV to faba beans has established the disease in Spain and is a potential threat to other leguminous crops. This is the first report of a nanovirus in Europe. References: (1) J. Fresno et al. Plant Dis. 81:112, 1997. (2) L. Katul et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 123:629, 1993.

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