Heterosis and combining ability effects on cotton. II. Heterosis

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Thomson ◽  
DJ Luckett
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
River Valley ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
The Mean

The yield and quality of a diverse range of cotton hybrids was measured in one, or more, of a number of experiments conducted in the Ord River valley, Western Australia (15�S.) and the Namoi River valley, New South Wales (30�S.). Two of the experiments were diallels, one involving nine parents, the other thirteen parents. In both the plant and subsequent ratoon crops, mean yield of the hybrids was significantly greater than the mean yield of the parents, and the hybrids had significantly longer and stronger fibre. A few hybrids in both diallels significantly outyielded commercial controls by between 15 and 35% in both the plant and ratoon crops. Subsequently, in other experiments including one with near-commercial large plots, the high performers from the diallel experiments were inconsistent for yield, usually exhibiting little or no heterosis above that of the best commercial cultivars. Other hybrids tested in these experiments also generally failed to outyield the commercial controls, although a number had higher-quality fibre. It was concluded the heterosis for yield is not consistent enough under high-yielding Australian conditions to warrant the commercial production of hybrid cotton seed. Some hybrids, however, especially the interspecific G. hirsutum x G. barbadense ones, have the stronger, finer fibre that appears better suited to cotton spinning equipment now being developed, and this aspect could justify reappraisal of this conclusion in the future.

Effect of prolonged undernutrition on the recovery and reproductive performance of maiden Merino ewes

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (24) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
P McInnes ◽  
TJ Grainger ◽  
MD Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Year ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
The Mean

Data are presented on the recovery and reproductive performance of 2 1/2-year-old maiden Merino ewes after a prolonged period of undernutrition. The 217 sheep had been hand-fed on a submaintenance ration in pen feeding trials at Glenfield, New South Wales. During the seven months of the trials they had lost 6 kg (28 to 22 kg) body weight. They were transported to Condobolin in south-western New South Wales, divided into two treatment groups and run on good quality pastures. One group was joined immediately (May 1959) and again ten months later, and the other group was mated after six months at Condobolin (in October 1959) and again 12 months later. The ewes recovered rapidly. The mean weight of both groups had reached 30 kg within six weeks and 40 kg within six months. In the first year 73 of the 100 May-mated ewes bore lambs, but only 38 of these lambs were weaned. Ewes bearing lambs had a higher body weight at the start of joining and gained more during joining than the barren ewes. At the other three joinings (October 1959, May 1960, October 1960) lambing percentage was from 86-89 and weaning percentage from 62-69-both normal for the district. The proportion of twin lambs (3-6 per cent) was low. Wool weight in 1959 was not affected by time of mating or by pregnancy.

scholarly journals SLAV CULTURAL MEMORY, NOSTALGIA AND HUMOURIN THE OEUVRE OF DANILA VASSILIEFF (1897-1958), RUSSIAN ÉMIGRÉ ARTIST IN AUSTRALIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-44
Author(s):  
Zoja Bojić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
New South ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Large Pool ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Essential Quality ◽  
Australian Soil

Danila Vassilieff(1897–1958) was a Russian émigré artist who lived and worked in Australia. By far the largest and most significant part of his painterly and sculptural oeuvre Vassilieff executed on Australian soil, in the states of New South Wales and Victoria.This article explores Vassilieff’s visual arts ideas and idiom created within the parameters of his Russian and Slav cultural memory and characterised by his émigré experience. It argues that Vassilieff’s art was fully formed only after the artist’s experiencing anexistence of a permanentémigré in Australia and that both his ideas andhis idiom flourished in opposition to the cultural traditions of his new environment.Vassilieff’s relationship with his Russian and Slav cultural heritage was traced in the monograph Imaginary homelands, the art of Danila Vassilieff(Bojic2007). This essaycomplements the extant research by examiningVassilieff’s relationship with his Australian environment as reflected in his work. Vassilieff’s experience of a permanent émigré formed his visual arts idiom and provided for the large pool of themes and topics in his work. Much of his oeuvrebridgedthe varied cultural traditions of his Russian homeland and the hardshiphe experienced living in a barren Australian land. There weretwo reasonsfor this. One was the artist’s positionof being an émigré; the other was that of being an artist. His initial alone-ness in a new Australian environment allowed for his one-ness and thus contributed to the uniqueness of his expression and his oeuvre, recognised as such later on by his Australian peers. Thechronic trauma of being a permanentémigré was a continualfeature of Vassilieff’slife and of his work. Hisdeep feelings ofnostalgiawerean essential quality of his existence in exile.The artist himself would attempt to counterbalance 19this with his all-pervasive energetic good will and his refined sense of humour and sweet ironyon occasions leading into a sarcasm, evident in many of his works.

Evaluation of fresh market tomatoes of the determinate type irrigated by trickle and grown on raised beds covered with polyethylene mulch

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (122) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
JB Sumeghy ◽  
DO Huett ◽  
WB McGlasson ◽  
EE Kavanagh ◽  
VQ Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
New South ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch ◽  
Sensory Tests

Experiments were conducted in November and December, 1981, at three commercial growing sites in New South Wales (Duranbah, Medowie and Richmond) to evaluate the yield and quality of eight determinate cultivars of fresh market tomatoes. Flora-Dade, which is the most widely grown commercial cultivar in Australia, was included as a control. Over all sites, Sunny, Duke and Royal Flush were the highest yielding cultivars, with increases of 25, 22 and 20% respectively, over Flora-Dade. Sunny was the highest yielding cultivar at Medowie and Richmond. Fruit for quality assessment was harvested at an early colour stage and ripened at 20�C. Fruit of Flora-Dade was firmer than all other cultivars. Sunny and GS393 had similar shelf life to Flora- Dade. Chemical composition and sensory tests showed little differences between cultivars.

Effect of sheep type on meat and eating quality of sheep meat

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Hopkins ◽  
P. J. Walker ◽  
J. M. Thompson ◽  
D. W. Pethick
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
New South ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Sheep Meat ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum

The effect of type of lambs and hoggets on eating quality was evaluated using the M. longissimus lumborum (LL) and the M. biceps femoris (BF) from 210 animals. The animals comprised 7 types as follows: Poll Dorset or White Suffolk × (Border Leicester × Merino) (second cross unweaned lambs, mixed sex, 3–5 months of age); Poll Dorset × (Border Leicester × Merino) (second cross weaned lambs, mixed sex, 9–12 months of age); Border Leicester × Merino (BLM; first cross weaned lambs, mixed sex, 9 months of age); Poll Dorset or White Suffolk × Merino (PDM; first cross weaned lambs, wethers, 12 months of age); Merino × Merino (weaned wether lambs, 9–12 months of age); Border Leicester × Merino (BLM; first cross hoggets, mixed sex, 20 months of age); and Poll Dorset or White Suffolk × Merino (PDM; first cross hoggets, wethers, 16 months of age). The animals were sourced from a number of different properties in New South Wales (NSW) (n = 120) and Victoria (n = 90). Each carcass was subjected to high voltage stimulation (700 V) within 1 h of slaughter. All meat was aged for 5 days before freezing and was subsequently tested by consumers on a 0–100 scale for a number of attributes after cooking using a grilling procedure. The LL from sucker lambs had the lightest colour (highest L* values) with the hoggets having the darkest colour in the NSW group with differences less apparent in the Victorian group. Muscle from first cross and Merino weaned lambs had consistently higher pH levels across the 3 muscles tested (LL; M. semimembranosus; M. semitendinosus) for the NSW group with no differences detected in the Victorian group. LL meat from second cross sucker and first cross (BLM and PDM) weaned lambs had the highest overall liking score, with that from second cross weaned lambs, BLM hoggets and Merino lambs scored as intermediate, while meat from the PDM hogget group had the lowest overall liking score. A similar outcome was found for the other sensory attributes with differences between types being lower for juiciness compared with overall liking scores but they were of a similar ranking. For the BF there was some re-ranking of the overall liking scores compared with the LL, with meat from suckers and first cross PDM lambs and hoggets being intermediate in score while second cross weaned lambs and first cross BLM lambs had the highest scores. The BF from hoggets (BLM) and Merino lambs were given the lowest scores. The lower juiciness score for sucker BF contributed to this change in ranking compared with the LL.

The incidence of crown rot in wheat, barley and triticale when sown on two dates

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 559 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Klein ◽  
LW Burgess ◽  
FW Ellison
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Group 1

Thirteen bread wheat cultivars, a durum wheat, a barley and a triticale cultivar were assessed in the field for their reaction to crown rot (Fusarium graminearum Group 1), based on the incidence of basal browning. Plots were sown in May and again in July at 2 sites i n northern New South Wales where the incidence of crown rot was high in the previous year. The incidence of infected plants and the incidence of plants with basal browning tended to be higher in all cultivars when sown in May. There was a mean loss in potential yield at 1 site of 35% and 18% at the other site. However, the mean loss in potential yield was unaffected by sowing date.

Survey of the incidence of whiteheads in wheat crops grown in northern New South Wales, 1976-1981

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 621 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Klein ◽  
LW Burgess ◽  
FW Ellison
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Group 1

The incidence of whiteheads in wheat in the northern areas of the wheat belt in New South Wales was surveyed from 1976 to 1981. Whiteheads were associated with plants affected by crown rot and were common in wheat crops in the survey areas, although the incidence was low (<5%) in most crops. There was a high incidence of whiteheads (>5%) in a small number of crops in each year. The mean incidence of whiteheads was highest in 1977 and was generally higher in the western, lower rainfall areas than in the other areas each year. The predominant crown rot pathogen Fusarium graminearum Group 1 was isolated from 97% of 1450 stem bases collected from plants with whitehead symptoms. A fallow of 18 months was not always associated with a reduction in the incidence of whiteheads.

Regional evaluation of cotton cultivars in eastern Australia, 1974-85

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 679 ◽  
Author(s):  
PE Reid ◽  
NJ Thomson ◽  
PK Lawrence ◽  
DJ Luckett ◽  
GT McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
New South ◽  
Fibre Strength ◽  
Normal Leaf ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cotton Cultivar

In 1974, a district cotton cultivar trial was initiated to assess the yield and fibre quality of promising cultivars in all major Australian cotton growing areas over 1 or more years. A nearly 5-fold range in site yields (595-2451 kg/ha) occurred across locations and years. Yields were usually higher in the last 6 years of the trial (overall mean 1688 kg/ha) than in the first half (overall mean 1223 kg/ha). Queensland sites (except Theodore) were lower yielding than average, while New South Wales sites (except Warren) were higher yielding. Deltapine cultivars from the U.S.A. have been the dominant commercial cultivars during 1974-85, and in the first 9 years of the trials USA. or Australian-bred Deltapine types produced the highest overall lint yields. Since 1982, Australian-bred Siokra lines have been the highest yielding with their resistance to bacterial blight apparently being an important factor in their performance. The rate of genetic gain in lint yield, as assessed from the overall year means and the mean yield of the 2 control cultivars (Deltapine 16 and Namcala) grown in all 12 years of the trials, was 2.3% per year. These yield increases were also accompanied by improvements in fibre strength and micronaire value in some of the recently developed lines or cultivars. A number of genotypes with mutant traits associated with host plant resistance to insect pests were compared with their near-isogenic counterparts. Superokra leaf yielded 6% less than normal leaf, nectariless yielded similarly to nectaried, and glabrous yielded similarly to delta-smooth pubescence. Frego bract yielded less in 1 comparison but in 2 others was similar to the normal counterpart, while glabrous and frego bract together led to reduced yields. Intra-varietal selection was shown to produce useful gains in yield between 3 to 6.5%.

How adolescents perceive that community-based exercise improves their well-being

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-459
Author(s):  
Kevin Rourke ◽  
Coralie J Wilson
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Parental Consent ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Team Games ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Perceived Benefit ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Energy Survey

Objectives: To determine if adolescents perceive community-based exercise as beneficial to their well-being and in what ways. Methods: A New South Wales Police Citizens Youth Club ran a four-week fitness course. The classes involved: 1) sports including basketball and soccer, 2) non-contact boxing drills, and 3) games, both team games such as dodgeball and non-team games such as line tag. Parental consent to offer a survey at the completion of the course was requested during registration. The survey was the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale; it was minimally modified to measure perceived benefit to mental well-being instead of actual benefit. Results: Thirty-one high school adolescents, ages 13–18, completed the survey. As a group, participants reported that they believed their well-being had improved after the course. The mean score for each survey item showed an improvement in every area of mental well-being for this sample of adolescents. Thirty-two per cent of adolescents reported having less energy. Survey scores indicated a statistically significant improvement in perceived well-being ( p<0.0001). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that four weeks of community-based exercise improves perceived mental well-being in adolescent participants.

Evaluation of postharvest infiltration of calcium to delay the ripening of avocados

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 801 ◽  
Author(s):  
RBH Wills ◽  
S Sirivatanapa ◽  
Sirivatanapa Somjate
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Vacuum Infiltration ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Significant Delay ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Ripening Time ◽  
South Wales

Postharvest vacuum infiltration of calcium into mature but unripe Hass and Fuerte avocados obtained from 80 growers in the 3 major growing districts in Australia over 2 seasons delayed the time to ripen compared with untreated fruit; but the magnitude of the response varied. Hass fruit from 66% of growers in the Murray Valley showed a significant delay in ripening and the average increase in fruit from all growers was 45% over that of untreated fruit. The response of Fuerte fruit was similar between districts, with an average delay in ripening time of about 30% and with fruit from 60% of growers having a significant increase. Hass fruit from North Queensland and northern New South Wales gave the lowest average delay in ripening of about 10% and an increased delay was significant for fruit from 25% of growers. The quality of ripe Hass fruit was not affected by calcium infiltration, whereas a slight decrease in the quality of Fuerte fruit was observed.

The breeding behaviour of the endangered regent honeyeater, Xanthomyza phrygia, near Armidale, New South Wales

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damon L. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Nest Construction ◽  
Aggressive Interactions ◽  
Breeding Behaviour ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Breeding Seasons

The regent honeyea ter, Xanthomyza phrygia, is an endangered woodland bird whose range and population size have decreased in the last thirty years. Suggested reasons for this decline include abnormal breeding behaviour, poor reproductive output, and excessive inter- and intra-specific aggression. This study investigated the breeding behaviour and aggressive interactions of regent honeyeaters during the nest construction, incubation, nestling, and fledgling stages in two consecutive breeding seasons in the Bundarra–Barraba region near Armidale, New South Wales. The female was entirely responsible for nest construction and incubation, which is typical of many honeyeaters. Both parents fed the nestlings, and at a similar rate, although only the female brooded chicks on the nest. Both parents fed the fledglings. The mean frequency at which nestlings (23 times per hour) and fledglings (29 times per hour) were fed is the highest published rate of any non-cooperative honeyeater. Breeding males were involved in significantly more aggressive interactions with conspecifics and other nectarivores than were females, although the overall percentage of day-time spent in aggression for both sexes was low (2.5%). It appears that abnormal breeding behaviour, poor reproductive effort, or excessive aggression are not experienced by this species in northern New South Wales, and that other factors are likely to be responsible for its current low population level.

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