Sources of resistance to barley yellow dwarf luteovirus in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) L

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Eagling ◽  
O Villalta ◽  
GM Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Resistant Genotypes ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Luteovirus

Genotypes of perennial ryegrass cv. Ellett were classed as susceptible or resistant to infection with the PAV-related isolate of barley yellow dwarf luteovirus (BYDV) on the basis of dry weight yield and the presence or absence of detectable virus as measured with ELISA. In the inoculated treatments, there was a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in plant dry weight of susceptible compared to resistant genotypes, whereas in uninoculated treatments, there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in yield between the two genotype classes. Superior plants from four cultivars of perennial ryegrass were selected from two field sites on the basis of superior winter growth and seasonal production. In glasshouse experiments, resistance to the virus was detected in these selections. The percentage of infected selections from individual cultivars varied between 18-46%, indicating that at least 50% were resistant to the virus.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic activity of some domestic and foreign cultivars of Lolium perenne L. under conditions of sodium chloride salinity

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Borowski
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Chloride Salinity

In pot experiments carried out in 2005 and 2006, tolerance to sodium chloride salinity of 4 cultivars of perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i>) ('Nira', 'Stadion', 'Ronija', 'Darius') was studied. Three concentrations of NaCl in medium (earth + sand): 0.0 mM (control); 50 mM; 100 mM, were used in the investigations. In three successive crops of grass, fresh weight yield of leaves, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis intensity, content of chlorophyll and PS II maximum quantum yield (F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub>) were determined. The obtained results showed that perennial ryegrass is a species tolerant to NaCl salinity. Among the studied cultivars, cv. 'Ronija' showed the highest tolerance, whereas cv. 'Nira' showed the lowest. The growth of perennial ryegrass plants under salinity conditions was limited by low stomatal conductance of leaves and photosynthesis, but not by the photosynthetic activity of chlorophyll and its contents.

scholarly journals Impact of row spacing and seed rate on the production characteristics of the perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and their valorisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1495-1503
Author(s):  
Marijana JOVANOVIĆ TODOROVIĆ ◽  
Vera POPOVIĆ ◽  
Savo VUČKOVIĆ ◽  
Snežana JANKOVIĆ ◽  
Andreja MIHAILOVIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Production Characteristics

In this paper are shown the results of the production characteristics of the perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cv. ‘Naki’, which grown in rows with different row spacing and seed rate in the agroecological conditions of central Serbia in three successive analysed years. Four levels of two observed factors were used in the experiment: row spacing (12.5; 25; 37.5 and 50 cm) and seed rate (9, 16, 23 and 30 kg ha-1). Due to the analyses, the height of the tiller, the length of the spike and the number of spikelets per spike gave better results by sowing in wider rows (37.5 and 50 cm) using lower seed rate (9 and 16 kg ha-1). Seed yield and harvest index responded favourably to sowing in rows at a wider row spacing (37.5 and 50 cm) in combination with a lower seed rate (9 and 16 kg ha-1), while shoot dry weight gave better results by sowing in narrower rows (12.5 cm) with lower seed rate (9 and 16 kg ha-1). Using the appropriate row spacing in sowing and the optimum of seed rate provides the highest results of the production characteristics of the perennial ryegrass that can be applied to further production.

scholarly journals Identifying morphological traits associated with vegetative persistence in the perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivar 'Grasslands Samson'

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Jessica R. O'Connor ◽  
James R. Crush ◽  
Zulfi Jahufer
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Genetic Shift

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) vegetative persistence (maintained herbage growth and survival without reseeding) is an important economic trait for farmers in New Zealand as it decreases the frequency of reseeding pastures. Vegetative persistence is difficult to breed for due to a lack of long-term trials to observe the complex interactions between plant genotype and the environment. In a long-term trial a genetic shift in the sown cultivar population could occur as individual plants with advantageous traits outcompete other plants and survive. The objectives of our study were to investigate the occurrence of a potential genetic shift in a sample (30 plants) of a persistent population of ‘Grasslands Samson’ perennial ryegrass. Persistent plants were collected from a nine-year-old trial at Poukawa, Hawke's Bay. To identify a genetic shift, these plants were compared to a sample of 30 plants sourced from commercial seed of ‘Grasslands Samson’ representing the original population. This study estimated genotypic variation within and between the populations for eight morphological traits after 10 weeks' growth under glasshouse conditions. Phenotypic and genotypic correlations between the traits were estimated. Results showed that the persistent population had significantly (P<0.05) greater means for tiller number, reproductive tiller number, lamina sheath length, and dry weight. Future research studying these traits across farm environments would further understanding of their roles in vegetative persistence of ryegrass.

Effect of bacterial fertilizers on the properties of a pseudomyceliar chernozem soil and on the biomass of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Jakab ◽  
János Kátai ◽  
Magdolna Tállai ◽  
Andrea Balláné Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Lolium Perenne L

A tenyészedényes kísérletünket a DE AGTC MÉK Agrokémiai és Talajtani Intézet tenyészházában állítottuk be 2010. május 27-én. A kísérletben Debrecen-Látókép környékéről származó mészlepedékes csernozjom vályogtalajt alkalmaztunk, amely az alábbi jellemzőkkel rendelkezett: KA: 37,5; leiszapolható rész: 51%; pH(KCl): 5,5; pH(H2O): 6,6; Hu%: 2,8; AL-P2O5: 140 mg·kg-1; AL-K2O: 316,3 mg·kg-1. Az adatok alapján a kísérleti talaj gyengén savanyú, vályog kötöttségű, közepes nitrogén- és foszfor-, valamint jó kálium-ellátottsággal rendelkezett. A kísérletben kontroll-, műtrágya-, valamint szalmakezelést alkalmaztunk, melyeket bizonyos kombinációkban három különböző baktériumkészítménnyel (Bactofil A, EM-1, Microbion UNC) egészítettünk ki. A kísérletet három ismétlésben véletlenblokk elrendezésben állítottuk be. A tesztnövény angolperje (Lolium perenneL.) volt. A kísérlet kezdetétől számított 8. héten a talaj-, valamint a növényminták begyűjtésére került sor. Meghatároztuk a növényminták száraztömegét, a növény foszfor- és káliumtartalmát, valamint a talajminták nitrát-, valamint AL-oldható foszfor- és káliumtartalmát. Eredményeink alapján főbb megállapításaink a következők: – Az angolperje száraztömegét a műtrágyakezelés szignifikánsan növelte. A hatás a tápelem-ellátottság javulásával magyarázható. – A növény foszforkoncentrációja a műtrágyázás következtében csökkent, amelyet a hígulási effektussal magyarázhatunk. – A növény káliumkoncentrációját a műtrágya-, valamint a műtrágya+baktériumtrágya kezelések szignifikánsan serkentették. – A talaj nitráttartalma szignifikánsan növekedett a műtrágyakezelés kivételével minden kezelésben. – A talaj AL-P2O5-tartalma az NPK-műtrágyázás és az EM-1 kezelés következtében statisztikailag igazolható mértékben megnövekedett, míg az AL-K2O-tartalom kizárólag a szalmakezelés hatására nőtt. A baktériumkészítmények önmagukban alkalmazva általában nem eredményeztek jelentős változást a vizsgált paraméterekben, azonban a készítmények szerves/ásványi anyagokkal kombinált adagolása esetében különböző mértékben befolyásolták a vizsgált mutatókat.

The effect of biological additives on the composition and nutritive value of silage

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 139-139
Author(s):  
M Gonzalez Yanez ◽  
R Mcginn ◽  
D H Anderson ◽  
A R Henderson ◽  
P Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Forage Harvester

It Is claimed that the use of the correct enzyme system as an additive on grass silage will satisfactorily control the fermentation and reduce the cell-wall fibre content, thus preserving the nutrients In the silage and aiding their utilisation by the animal (Henderson and McDonald, 1977; Huhtanen et al, 1985; Raurama et al, 1987; Chamberlain and Robertson, 1989; Gordon, 1989;).The aim of the present experiment was to assess the effect of biological additives, enzymes or a combination of enzymes with an Inoculum of lactic acid bacteria, on the composition of silage and on its nutritive value when offered to store lambs as the sole constituent of their diet.On 1st June 1988, first cut perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L) at pre-ear emergence was ensiled direct cut untreated (U), treated with a commercial enzyme (E) or with a commercial inoculum of lactic acid bacteria with enzymes (I) in 6t capacity bunker silos. The grass was cut with a mower and lifted with a New Holland precision chop forage harvester. The additives were pumped onto the grass using a dribble bar sited over the pick-up drum.

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