scholarly journals Asymbiotic in vitro germination and seed quality assessment of Australian terrestrial orchids

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Dowling ◽  
Manfred Jusaitis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Vital Staining ◽  
Terrestrial Orchid ◽  
Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Terrestrial Orchids ◽  
Asymbiotic Germination

Determining the seed quality and germination requirements for threatened orchid species in storage is vital for future conservation efforts. Seeds of many Australian terrestrial orchid species are held in conservation collections around the country, but few have been germinated in vitro, fuelling concerns over their long-term viability. This study tested three methods of assessing orchid seed quality; asymbiotic germination was compared with vital staining using triphenyltetrazolium chloride or fluorescein diacetate. Six culture media were examined for efficacy in promoting asymbiotic seed germination of four Australian terrestrial orchid species (Pterostylis nutans, Microtis arenaria, Thelymitra pauciflora and Prasophyllum pruinosum). Germination occurred on all media but germination rates were consistently highest on BM1 and development was most advanced on BM1, P723 and Malmgren media. Subsequent trials tested the efficacy of BM1 for asymbiotic germination of additional genera (Caladenia, Calochilus and Diuris), several congeneric species, and two species collected from several different provenances within each of their ranges. The results indicate that asymbiotic germination on BM1 medium is an effective technique for testing the performance of Australian terrestrial orchid seeds. The efficacy of vital stains to determine seed viability, however, remains uncertain, as significant disagreement between degree of staining and germinability was observed for some species.

Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anggrek Dendrobium anosmum Pada Media Kultur In Vitro Dengan Beberapa Konsentrasi Air Kelapa

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tuhuteru ◽  
Meity L Hehanussa ◽  
Simon H.T Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Dendrobium anosmum is one of natural orchids in Indonesia. Optimization of medium composition for orchid propagation through in vitro culture is necessary to enhance propagule multiplication capabilities and quality. This study was aimed to study the influence of concentration of coconut water in culture medium on in vitro growth and development of D. anosmum orchid species and to determine the optimal coconut water concentration in culture media.  The experiment were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of the addition of coconut water with concentrations: 0 ml•l -1 (control), 50 ml•l-1, 100 ml•l-1 and 150 ml•l-1. The results showed that addition of coconut water in culture medium gave different effect on shoot growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids.  Coconut water concentration of 100 ml•l-1 was the best concentration for growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids, based on both shoots and roots growth, plantlet height and wet weight.

scholarly journals Asymbiotic germination and morphological studies of seeds of Atlantic Rainforest micro-orchids (Pleurothallidinae)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243297
Author(s):  
Franciele Marx Koene ◽  
Érika Amano ◽  
Eric de Camargo Smidt ◽  
Luciana Lopes Fortes Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Asymbiotic Germination ◽  
Protocorm Formation

The morphological and morphometric characters of seeds belonging to 11 species of the subtribe Pleurothallidinae using light and scanning electron microscopy were studied to understand the in vitro germination process. Qualitative data (color, shape, ornamentation) and quantitative ones were also evaluated in seeds and embryos (length, width, volume and air space percentage between the integument and the embryo). The viability of the seeds was evaluated by in vitro germination in woody plant medium (WPM), and by analysis of the developmental stages of protocorms until seedling formation (two to 24 weeks). Morphometric data showed variations within the genus Acianthera and between species of different genera. The best germination and protocorm formation responses occurred with Acianthera prolifera (92%) and Acianthera ochreata (86%), with the formation of seedlings after 12 and 16 weeks of sowing, respectively. The seeds and embryos of A. prolifera and A. ochreata were larger (length, width, and volume) with a structural polarity that may have facilitated their germination comparing to others studied species. Other characteristics of A. prolifera seeds that may have contributed to these results include the presence of a thin testa without ornamentation and a suspensor. The protocorms of Anathalis obovata, Dryadella liliputiana, and Octomeria gracillis developed slowly in the WPM, not reaching the seedling stage in 24 weeks of cultivation. This morphological and morphometric study contributes to the understanding of asymbiotic germination of some micro-orchid species.

scholarly journals Establishment of an EfficientIn VitroRegeneration Protocol for Rapid and Mass Propagation ofDendrobium chrysotoxumLindl. Using Seed Culture

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Potshangbam Nongdam ◽  
Leimapokpam Tikendra
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Seed Culture ◽  
Leaf Formation

An efficientin vitroregeneration protocol from seed culture has been established successfully forDendrobium chrysotoxum, an epiphytic orchid having tremendous ornamental and medicinal values. Seed germination response was encouraging in Mitra (M) medium enriched with different combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Medium supplemented with 0.4% activated charcoal (AC), 2 mg/L 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP), and 2 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) produced best seed germination percentage in 2 weeks of culture. Incorporation of higher concentration of kinetin (KN) or BAP in combination with low auxin in medium induced pronounced shooting and leaf formation. Reduction in leaf development was evident when cytokinins exist singly in medium indicating synergistic effect of auxin and cytokinin in leaf induction. Presence of elevated level of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with low cytokinin content in medium generated morein vitrorooting, though IBA was found to be more effective in rooting induction as compared to NAA. Thein vitroprotocol for asymbiotic seed germination developed from the present investigation can be used for rapid mass propagation of this highly importantDendrobiumorchid species.

Asymbiotic seed germination, in vitro seedling development, and greenhouse acclimatization of the threatened terrestrial orchid Bletia purpurea

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Dutra ◽  
Timothy R. Johnson ◽  
Philip J. Kauth ◽  
Scott L. Stewart ◽  
Michael E. Kane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Terrestrial Orchid ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination

scholarly journals A Review on Asymbiotic Seed Germination in Orchids through Plant Tissue Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnima Paramanik ◽  
◽  
Dipak Kar ◽  
Subrata Raha ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Commercially Important

Orchid seeds are very small, dust like in appearance, fusiform in shape, lacking endosperm and have undifferentiated embryo covered by transparent seed coat. Mycorrhizal association is required for seed germination of naturally growing orchids. In this symbiotic association, orchid species are dependent on mycorrhizal association for supply of mineral nutrients. In in-vitro condition, such demand of minerals may be compensated by external supply of sugar and mineral nutrients that are required for seed germination of orchid. Several orchids are responded by this asymbiotic seed culture and have commercial importance. Therefore, formulation of efficient in-vitro protocol is important for commercially important orchid species as well as endangered orchid species for conservation. This review paper is focused on various aspects of asymbiotic seed germination of orchids and the role of organic additives in successful seed germination.

scholarly journals Influence of scarification method on seed germination of the terrestrial orchid Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Gwenaëlle Deconninck ◽  
Argyrios Gerakis
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Terrestrial Orchid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Terrestrial Orchids ◽  
Sexual Propagation ◽  
Centrifugation Method ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

AbstractA critical step during in vitro sexual propagation of terrestrial orchids is the treatment of the microscopic seeds with a disinfecting solution that kills bacteria and fungi attached to the seeds. This treatment is necessary to prevent infection of the culture vessels. At the same time, the treatment serves to scarify the seeds, a process that disrupts seed dormancy and initiates germination. The literature is inconclusive with respect to the proper combination of disinfecting solution strength and treatment duration. Both factors should be adapted to each species to guarantee minimal infection rate without damaging the embryo. This research aims to compare three disinfection/scarification methods for seeds of Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.): (i) soaking in 0.5% NaClO, (ii) soaking in 0.5% NaClO, then centrifugation, and (iii) presoaking the seeds in sucrose solution, then soaking in 0.5% NaClO. The seeds were soaked in the disinfecting solution for 5 to 85 min. Following scarification, the seeds were sown in modified Malmgren nutrient medium. Infected and germinated vessels were counted at 41 and 189 d after sowing. We found that the longer the chemical treatment, the lower the infection rate, and the higher the germination rate. There was no significant difference in germination rate between the NaClO and the NaClO-plus-centrifugation method; in fact, the slight savings in disinfection time effected by centrifugation were more than offset by the added complexity of the method. Moreover, we found that centrifugation significantly delays germination. The sucrose presoak-plus-NaClO method was superior to plain NaClO, as the sucrose stimulates the germination of microbial spores on the surface of the seeds, making them easier to kill. Perhaps seeds with thicker testa as well as whole immature capsules could benefit even more from the pretreatment in sucrose solution.

Asymbiotic Seed Germination and in vitro Seedling Development of Paphiopedilum liemianum Fowlie, an Endangered Terrestrial Orchid in Northern Sumatra, Indonesia

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edy Setiti Wida Utami ◽  
Hery Purnobasuk ◽  
Thin Soedarti ◽  
Sucipto Hariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Terrestrial Orchid ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination

scholarly journals Asymbiotic seed germination and multiplication of an endangered orchid – Paphiopedilum venustum (Wall. ex Sims.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saranjeet Kaur ◽  
Kamlesh Kumar Bhutani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Terrestrial Orchid ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
Orchid Seed ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Potato Powder ◽  
Survival Frequency

The present study was intended to facilitate ex situ conservation of <em>Paphiopedilum venustum</em>, a highly floriferous endangered terrestrial orchid species. A protocol was established for in vitro propagation and shoot multiplication. The cultures were initiated through asymbiotic seed germination technique, using undehisced and dehisced capsules. Four defined asymbiotic orchid seed germination media (terrestrial orchid medium, modified terrestrial orchid medium, Malmgren modified terrestrial orchid medium, Knudson C medium) were evaluated for their effectiveness in achieving maximum seed germination and early seedling development. The effect of darkness and 12-h photoperiod was also tested. Optimum seed germination, i.e., 82.7% was achieved on modified terrestrial orchid medium under a 12-h photoperiod using seeds from undehisced capsules. Shoot multiplication was accomplished using organic [peptone (1.0, 2.0 g L<sup>−1</sup>)] and inorganic [banana homogenate (10, 20, 30 g L<sup>−1</sup>) and potato powder (5.0, 10 g L<sup>−1</sup>)] growth supplements. Peptone at 1.0 g L<sup>−1</sup> was the most effective in multiplying the shoots. Plantlets were acclimatized in the greenhouse with 80% survival frequency.

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