bletilla striata
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2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Ye ◽  
Xiao Lv ◽  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Pan-Pan Wei ◽  
Zheng-Hui Li ◽  
...  

Five new isopimarane diterpenes, robustaditerpene A-E (1–5), which include 19-nor-isopimarane skeleton and isopimarane skeleton, were isolated from the liquid fermentation of the endophytic fungus Ilyonectria robusta collected from Bletilla striata. The structure elucidation and relative configuration assignments of all compounds were accomplished by interpretation of NMR and HRESIMS spectrometric analyses and 13C NMR calculation. And the absolute configuration of 1-5 were identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and ECD calculation. Compound 3 inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced B lymphocytes cell proliferation with an IC50 value at 17.42 ± 1.57 μM while compound 5 inhibited concanavalin A-induced T lymphocytes cell proliferation with an IC50 value at 75.22 ± 6.10 μM. These data suggested that compounds 3 and 5 may possess potential immunosuppressive prospect.


2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyuan Luo ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Zhirui Wang ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Bletilla striata is the main medicine of many skin whitening classic formulas in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and is widely used in cosmetic industry recently. However, its active ingredients are still unclear and its fibrous roots are not used effectively. The aim of the present study is to discover and identify its potential anti-melanogenic active constituents by zebrafish model and molecular docking. Methods The antioxidant activities were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The anti-melanogenic activity was assessed by tyrosinase inhibitory activity in vitro and melanin inhibitory in zebrafish. The chemical profiles were performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Meanwhile, the potential anti-melanogenic active constituents were temporary identified by molecular docking. Results The 95% ethanol extract of B. striata fibrous roots (EFB) possessed the strongest DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and tyrosinase inhibitory activities, with IC50 5.94 mg/L, 11.69 mg/L, 6.92 mmol FeSO4/g, and 58.92 mg/L, respectively. In addition, EFB and 95% ethanol extract of B. striata tuber (ETB) significantly reduced the melanin synthesis of zebrafish embryos in a dose-dependent manner. 39 chemical compositions, including 24 stilbenoids were tentatively identified from EFB and ETB. Molecular docking indicated that there were 83 (including 60 stilbenoids) and 85 (including 70 stilbenoids) compounds exhibited stronger binding affinities toward tyrosinase and adenylate cyclase. Conclusion The present findings supported the rationale for the use of EFB and ETB as natural skin-whitening agents in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.


HortScience ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Yan He ◽  
Lulu Yang ◽  
Yanjun Zhang ◽  
Qiong Liang

Bletilla is an Orchidaceae genus with high medical value, including detumescence, antibacterial, and hemostasis. In this study, detailed estimates of ploidy level, karyotype, and genome size were first obtained, and a comprehensive cytological analysis was carried out to better understand the evolution of the genus. The karyotypes of Bletilla were mainly composed of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes with lengths ranging from 1.25 to 4.93 μm. There was moderate cytological variation in Bletilla (chromosome number 2n = 32 to 76). Diploid with 2n = 34 and 2n = 36 was detected in Bletilla ochracea and Bletilla formosana, respectively, whereas diploid (2n = 32) was dominant in Bletilla striata, dysploidy (2n = 34, 2n = 36) and polyploid (2n = 48, 51, 64, 76) variations were also observed. Three species had a relatively symmetric karyotype, and which of B. ochracea was more asymmetry. The genome size (1C-values) varied from 2.94 pg (B. striata) to 3.33 pg (B. ochracea), of which B. ochracea was significantly larger than the others (P < 0.05). A positive correlation (P < 0.01) between 1Cx vs. haploid chromosome length (HCL) and asymmetry coefficient of karyotypes (AsK%) was observed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxi Chen ◽  
Huiqun Zhou ◽  
Daping Xie ◽  
Yiming Niu

Abstract Background Implantation of a biomaterial may induce the foreign-body reaction to the host tissue that determines the outcome of the integration and the biological performance of the implants. The foreign-body reaction can be modulated by control of the material properties of the implants. Methods First, we synthesized methacrylated Bletilla striata Polysaccharide (BSP-MA) and constructed a series of open porous cryogels utilizing this material via the freezing-thawing treatment of solvent-precursors systems. Second, Pore size and modulus were measured to characterize the properties of BSP cryogels. Live/dead staining of cells and CCK-8 were performed to test the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds. In addition, the Real-Time qPCR experiments were carried for the tests. Finally, the BSP scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously to verify the foreign-body reaction between host tissue and materials. Results Our data demonstrated that cryogels with different pore sizes and modulus can be fabricated by just adjusting the concentration. Besides, the cryogels showed well cytocompatibility in the in vitro experiments and exhibited upregulated expression levels of pro-inflammation-related genes (Tnfa and Il1b) with the increase of pore size. In vivo experiments further proved that with the increase of pore size, more immune cells infiltrated into the inner zone of materials. The foreign-body reaction and the distribution of immune-regulatory cells could be modulated by tuning the material microstructure. Conclusions Collectively, our findings revealed Bletilla striata polysaccharide cryogel scaffold with different pore sizes can spatially control foreign-body reaction. The microstructure of cryogels could differentially guide the distribution of inflammatory cells, affect the formation of blood vessels and fibrous capsules, which eventually influence the material-tissue integration. This work demonstrates a practical strategy to regulate foreign body reaction and promote the performance of medical devices.


2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yu Hou ◽  
Yu Cao ◽  
Bing-Lan Wu ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Fu Li ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Jianhua Chen ◽  
Lili Li ◽  
Peiwen Tian ◽  
Wei Xiang ◽  
Xuan Lu ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Yu Ko ◽  
Jung Chao ◽  
Pei-Yu Chen ◽  
Shan-Yu Su ◽  
Tomoji Maeda ◽  
...  

The increasing interest and demand for skin whitening products globally, particularly in Asia, have necessitated rapid advances in research on skin whitening products used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Herein, we investigated 74 skin whitening prescriptions sold in TCM pharmacies in Taiwan. Commonly used medicinal materials were defined as those with a relative frequency of citation (RFC) &gt; 0.2 and their characteristics were evaluated. Correlation analysis of commonly used medicinal materials was carried out to identify the core component of the medicinal materials. Of the purchased 74 skin whitening prescriptions, 36 were oral prescriptions, 37 were external prescriptions, and one prescription could be used as an oral or external prescription. After analysis, 90 traditional Chinese medicinal materials were obtained. The Apiaceae (10%; 13%) and Leguminosae (9%; 11%) were the main sources of oral and external medicinal materials, respectively. Oral skin whitening prescriptions were found to be mostly warm (46%) and sweet (53%), while external skin whitening prescriptions included cold (43%) and bitter (29%) medicinal materials. Additionally, mainly tonifying and replenishing effects of the materials were noted. Pharmacological analysis indicated that these medicinal materials may promote wound healing, treat inflammatory skin diseases, or anti-hyperpigmentation. According to the Spearman correlation analysis on interactions among medicinal materials with an RFC &gt; 0.2 in the oral skin whitening prescriptions, Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (white) and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. showed the highest correlation (confidence score = 0.93), followed by Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (red) and Astragalus propinquus Schischkin (confidence score = 0.91). Seven medicinal materials in external skin whitening prescriptions with an RFC &gt; 0.2, were classified as Taiwan qī bái sàn (an herbal preparation), including Angelica dahurica (Hoffm.) Benth. &amp; Hook. f. ex Franch. &amp; Sav., Wolfiporia extensa (Peck) Ginns, Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb. f., Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., Ampelopsis japonica (Thunb.) Makino, Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (white), and Bombyx mori Linnaeus. Skin whitening prescriptions included multiple traditional Chinese medicinal materials. Despite the long history of use, there is a lack of studies concerning skin whitening products, possibly due to the complex composition of traditional Chinese medicine. Further studies are required to assess the efficacy and safety of these traditional Chinese medicinal materials for inclusion in effective, safe, and functional pharmacological products.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12760
Author(s):  
Yi-Wen Lin ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Fang ◽  
Ya-Jyun Liang ◽  
Hong-Hsiang Liao ◽  
Feng-Huei Lin

Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides play a key role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia. In this study, a polysaccharide from Bletilla striata (BSP), with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, was extracted using a low-temperature method and tested for its efficacy against AD, in vitro using N2a and BV-2 cells, and in vivo using an AD rat model. The characterization of the extracted BSP for its molecular structure and functional groups demonstrated the effectiveness of the modified method for retaining its bioactivity. In vitro, BSP reduced by 20% reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in N2a cells (p = 0.0082) and the expression levels of inflammation-related genes by 3-fold TNF-α (p = 0.0048), 4-fold IL-6 (p = 0.0019), and 2.5-fold IL-10 (p = 0.0212) in BV-2 cells treated with Aβ fibrils. In vivo, BSP recovered learning memory, ameliorated morphological damage in the hippocampus and cortex, and reduced the expression of the β-secretase protein in AlCl3-induced AD rats. Collectively, these findings demonstrated the efficacy of BSP for preventing and alleviating the effects of AD.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqing Li ◽  
Ceyin Huang ◽  
Chaobo Liu ◽  
Xueyan Jia ◽  
Weie Wen ◽  
...  

Abstract WRKY type transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in the growth and development of plants. However, a comprehensive analysis of the WRKY family members in a valuable Chinese herbal orchid, Bletilla striata, or in other orchids, is limited. In this study, WRKY gene family was screened out from the transcriptome data of Bletilla striata by bioinformatics method. The 29 WRKY TFs that were identified from the B. striata genome and named BsWRKY1 to BsWRKY29 were divided into three clades: group Ⅰ (involving 8 WRKY sequences), group Ⅱ (18) and group Ⅲ (3), in which group Ⅱ was further divided into 5 subgroups: Ⅱ-a (involving 1 WRKY sequences), Ⅱ-b (5), and Ⅱ-c (3), Ⅱ-d (7), Ⅱ-e (3). EST-SSR marker mining test showed that 10 markers could be stably amplified with obvious polymorphisms among 4 landraces. Our data suggest that BsWRKY genes may work together to regulate plant growth and development. In different subcellular locations, BsWRKY genes not only played its own functions, but also coordinated the regulation of the whole life activities. Taken together, these results provided a theoretical basis for further studies on the gene functions and regulatory mechanisms of what in B. striata.


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