Past and Present Vegetation of Marshes Swamp in South-Eastern South Australia

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Dodson ◽  
IB Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Form Part ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

The swamp and sclerophyll vegetation of Marshes Swamp is discussed in terms of soils and water regimes. Two swamps, Mt. Burr Swamp and Blue Tea Tree Swamp, which form part of Marshes Swamp, are looked at in particular and their stratigraphy and history are reconstructed. Cores from the swamp were pollen-analysed and the vegetation history of the swamps is described in terms of plant succession and local climatic change. Four radiocarbon dates were obtained and these were used to date the major local vegetational history events following dune build-up and vulcanism. These also allowed some insight into the age of soil development in the swamp.

Vegetation history and water fluctuations at Lake Leake, south-eastern South Australia. 1. 10,000 B.P. to present

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Dodson
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Lower South ◽  
Western Victoria

The stratigraphy and detailed pollen analysis of the top 4 m of sediment in Lake Leake were used to describe the vegetation history and past changes in the water level in the lake basin. Some of the changes described have climatic significance. Six radiocarbon dates are used to place a chronology on these events and the results are used to compare previous work carried out in western Victoria. It is suggested that in south-eastern South Australia, immediately prior to 10,000 B.P., conditions were drier than at present and that after this time conditions became wetter, the wettest period of the last 10,000 years occurring between 6900 and 5000 B.P. After this time conditions became drier, marginally wetter again between 2000 and 1300 B.P., then relatively dry until the present day. Keys to aid in the identification of pollen of the Casuarinaceae, Myriophyllum and the Myrtaceae for species growing in the Lower South-East of South Australia are given.

The Status of the School Shark Fishery in South-Eastern Australian Waters

1959 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
The Mean

The maximum yield of the school shark fishery in south-eastern Australian waters was 4.09 million lb in 1949. The catch has fluctuated since then about a declining trend to 3.18 million lb in 1956. In 1944, 7.3 hooks were required to catch a shark of mean weight 14.7 lb. In 1956 the number of hooks required was almost doubled: 13.6 hooks were needed to catch sharks of mean weight 13.7 lb; the catch per hook dropped from 2.01 to 0.99 lb. Whereas the catch per boat-month remained relatively stable at 4765 lb for 1944 and 4643 for 1956, the number of hooks used per boat-month increased from 2366 to 4668 hooks in 12 years. Throughout this period the mean weight of sharks in eastern Bass Strait remained fairly steady (11-13 lb) whereas there was a drop of 3 lb from a mean weight of 17-20 lb in the predominantly mature portion of the stock in western Bass Strait. Fishermen in South Australia have reported a comparable drop in the mean weight of sharks in their catches. During the period 1941-46 there was unrestricted inshore fishing of juveniles and pregnant females with a consequent severe drop in the inshore population. The subsequent decline in the annual total catch is believed to be due not only to a too intensive offshore fishery but also to the resultant reduced recruitment and depressed reproductive potential caused by the earlier destruction of juveniles and pregnant females. In the data presented in this paper there is evidence that the school shark fishery, which is operating on a single stock of sharks with a slow growth rate, a late sexual maturity, and a low fecundity, shows trends which are suggestive of depletion. Because similar trends in the soupfin shark fishery of California and in the dogfish fishery of British Columbia were followed by depletion, it has been inferred that regulations to protect the vulnerable phases of the life history of the school shark of Australia may be required. Measures for conservation are discussed.

Vegetation History and Water Fluctuations at Lake Leake, South-Eastern South Australia. II. 50 000 B.P. To 10 000 B.P

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Dodson
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation History ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Drill Core ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Last Glaciation ◽  
Annual Minimum Temperature ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Eucalypt Woodland ◽  
Open Woodland

A drill core from Lake Leake contains a sedimentary sequence extending from about 50,000 B.P. until the present. This paper discusses the results of the pollen analyses and six radiocarbon dates which span the period from about 50,000 until about 10,000 B.P. There are core sections which yielded low numbers of pollen and thus there are gaps in the vegetation record. It is suggested that open eucalypt woodland was replaced by eucalypt woodland with heath at about 50,000 B.P. and remained until about 39,000 B.P. Open woodland then returned but was replaced by eucalypt woodland with heath by 38,000 B.P. Some time after 35,000 B.P., open eucalypt woodland conditions returned and persisted until near 10,000 B.P. when Casuarina stricta migrated into the area. Through- out the period in question the climate was drier than it has been in the last 10,000 radiocarbon years. There were wet periods about 50,000 and 39,000 B.P. and from 38,000 to 35,000 B.P. The character of the sediments and the relative amounts of pollen preserved suggest that conditions were relatively dry from 50,000 to 39,000 B.P. and from after 35,000 until near 10,000 B.P. The lake was driest during the period of the last glaciation but the presence of eucalypt pollen is interpreted as indicating that the average annual minimum temperature was above 10�C and the average annual rainfall was above 20-25 cm.

scholarly journals Underwater faunal assemblages: radiocarbon dates and late Quaternary vertebrates from Cold Lake, Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-294
Author(s):  
Christopher N. Jass ◽  
Devyn Caldwell ◽  
Christina I. Barrón-Ortiz ◽  
Alwynne B. Beaudoin ◽  
Jack Brink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
East Central ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cold Lake ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Last Glacial

Late Quaternary faunal remains from three underwater settings in Cold Lake, Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada, include at least 13 vertebrate taxa consistent with assemblages that postdate the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Seven new radiocarbon dates range from 10 350 ± 40 to 161 ± 23 years BP and provide insight into the post-LGM biotic history of east-central Alberta and west-central Saskatchewan. The presence of an essentially modern large mammal biota is suggested for the mid-Holocene, and possibly earlier, if the absence of extinct or extirpated taxa in association with Late Pleistocene Bison at the Alberta–Saskatchewan site is meaningful. Taphonomically, some of the remains suggest deposition in open environments during the Holocene, possibly when lake levels were lower. The recovery of late Quaternary faunal remains from a present-day lacustrine setting is novel, and suggests that similar records may occur in other lakes in western Canada, including those in areas with scarce Quaternary vertebrate records.

Development of a peatland complex in boreal western Canada: lateral site expansion and local variability in vegetation succession and long-term peat accumulation

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 833-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilka E Bauer ◽  
L Dennis Gignac ◽  
Dale H Vitt
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation History ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Vegetation Succession ◽  
Peat Accumulation ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Peatland Development ◽  
Water Tables ◽  
History Of

The spatial development and vegetation history of a large boreal peatland complex in east-central Alberta was reconstructed to examine factors that control peatland development in continental regions. Peat depth throughout the site was interpolated from over 300 depth measurements, and basal radiocarbon dates were obtained from 16 cores. Peat first initiated about 7400 calibrated 14C years BP (cal. BP), and early peat-forming communities were wet fens or marshes. Rates of expansion from these nucleation sites were dependent on both moisture availability and topography, with asynchronous expansion in different regions. Basal macrofossil assemblages suggest that paludification on slopes of large basins was the result of flooding caused by rising peatland water tables. In many areas that initiated after 3000 cal. BP, paludification involved invasion of upland forest by Sphagnum. Long-term apparent rates of peat accumulation were fastest in wet, moderate-rich fen areas where little community change has occurred over time. Macrofossil analysis of core profiles reveals a tendency for sites that initiated wet and minerotrophic to eventually be colonized by Sphagnum. However, the thickness of surficial Sphagnum layers differs between cores, and there are several examples of minimal or apparently reverse successional development.Key words: peatlands, boreal, paleoecology, vegetation succession, peat accumulation, paludification.

Observations on the ecology of the Australian field cricket, Gryllulus commodus Walker, in the field.

1954 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
TO Browning
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Differential Survival ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Permanent Pasture ◽  
Black Clay ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
History Of

Gryllulus commodus has one generation each year, the active stages being present in summer and autumn and the eggs in winter and spring. Crickets are found in abundance only in areas where the soil is heavy black clay. This affords shelter from desiccation to the eggs, which lose water very rapidly if exposed to dry conditions. Also in these areas there may be an abundance of food for the nymphs and adults, in the form of sown permanent pasture. Where either shelter for the eggs or food for the active stages is lacking the numbers of crickets tend to be lower. Certain aspects of the behaviour and physiology of G. commodus which are important in relation to the survival and multiplication of the species are discussed. The relative chanses in the abundance of crickets in the south-eastern districts of South Australia were determined by a survey method during the period 1949-52. Evidence is presented that differences In the abundance of crickets from year to year are mainly attributable to differences in the amount and distribution of rainfall during the winter and spring, which result in differential survival of the eggs. The history of cricket outbreaks in South Australia is traced and it is concluded that, if present trends in agricultural practices continue, future outbreaks will tend to be more severe and more widespread, although probably not more frequent.

scholarly journals The Angklung: The Maintenance of Indonesian Cultural Heritage through Public Pedagogy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayan Rahayani ◽  
Bindi MacGill
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Public Pedagogy ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Colombo Plan ◽  
Insight Into

The Angklung is a musical instrument from Indonesia. The performance of Angklung has survived 400 years of colonial rule in Indonesia, as well as endured in host countries by Indonesian migrants thereby it operates as a political, as well as, a social form of public pedagogy that enhances ‘the quality of human togetherness (Biesta 2012, p. 684). This paper outlines a brief history of the Angklung and its role as a unifying symbol of social cohesion. Research on the migration of Indonesian Colombo Plan students in the 1960s to South Australia and the continued performance of the Angklung in South Australia is explored in relation to its role as public pedagogy. Adelindo Angklung was established in 2011 in Adelaide with the aim to maintain and share Indonesian traditional music in South Australia. This paper offers insight into the performance of Angklung as a form of public pedagogy that has an enduring history across continents. We explore how the Indonesian community has embedded a sense of community within Adelaide, as well as retained connections to Indonesia through performing and practicing Angklung.

scholarly journals The Somerton Man: An Unsolved History

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Balint
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
The Past ◽  
Police Investigation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

The case of the unknown man who died mysteriously at Somerton Beach in South Australia in 1948 remains an open police investigation, although the trail today has grown fairly cold. Revisiting the case, and the responses the mystery of his person have elicited, enables a special historical insight into Australia’s postwar society, and the ways in which the past is continually reshaped by the subjectivities of the present. Further, an unsolved case such as this provides for a unique kind of historical project. The limitations of a history without a coherent centre are myriad, yet so are the possibilities.  In this article, I explore the possibilities of an ‘unsolved history’, a history of dead ends, and argue that it is the very unknowable-ness of the Somerton Man that allows for a perception of history as multi-dimensional and complex.

Monoecious Nitella species (Characeae, Charophyta) from south-eastern mainland Australia, including Nitella paludigena sp. nov.

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle T. Casanova ◽  
Kenneth G. Karol
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
The South ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South West

Identification of Australian species of Nitella is problematic. Several species of monoecious Nitella have been described from south-eastern mainland Australia, but identification of these based on current treatments has been difficult. In response to the discovery of a new monoecious Nitella from the swamps of the Fleurieu Peninsula in South Australia, the monoecious species of Nitella from south-eastern mainland Australia were examined and compared. N. paludigena M.T.Casanova & K.G.Karol is distinguished from other monoecious species on the basis of its overall vegetative morphology and oospore morphology. N. paludigena is found in peaty tea-tree (Leptospermum sp) swamps on the Fleurieu Peninsula in South Australia, and in the south-west of Victoria. A description of the morphology and ecology of the five monoecious Nitella species from south-eastern mainland Australia is given, along with a key.

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