A Chemoenzymatic Route to Conjugatable β(1→3)-Glucan Oligosaccharides

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Montel ◽  
Maria Hrmova ◽  
Geoffrey B. Fincher ◽  
Hugues Driguez ◽  
Sylvain Cottaz
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Enzymatic Synthesis ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Glucan Chain

3II-O-Allyl-α-laminaribiosyl fluoride was prepared as a key synthon for the enzymatic synthesis of β(1→3)-glucan oligosaccharides, catalyzed by a mutated β(1→3)-glucanase (E231G) from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). A strategy was developed for enzymatic elongation of the β(1→3)-glucan chain from the reducing end, using a single glucoside acceptor. When β-glucoside phenyl disulfide was used as the acceptor, this methodology generated laminari-oligosaccharides conjugatable at both their reducing and non-reducing ends.

Ultrastructure and Senescence in an Achloroplastic Mutant of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dyan

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 844-845
Author(s):  
R.H.M. Cross ◽  
C.E.J. Botha ◽  
A.K. Cowan ◽  
B.J. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lethal Mutant ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Pinocytotic Vesicles

Senescence is an ordered degenerative process leading to death of individual cells, organs and organisms. The detection of a conditional lethal mutant (achloroplastic) of Hordeum vulgare has enabled us to investigate ultrastructural changes occurring in leaf tissue during foliar senescence.Examination of the tonoplast structure in six and 14 day-old mutant tissue revealed a progressive degeneration and disappearance of the membrane, apparently starting by day six in the vicinity of the mitochondria associated with the degenerating proplastid (Fig. 1.) where neither of the plastid membrane leaflets is evident (arrows, Fig. 1.). At this stage there was evidence that the mitochondrial membranes were undergoing retrogressive changes, coupled with disorganization of cristae (Fig. 2.). Proplastids (P) lack definitive prolamellar bodies. The cytoplasmic matrix is largely agranular, with few endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae or polyribosomal aggregates. Interestingly, large numbers of actively-budding dictysomes, associated with pinocytotic vesicles, were observed in close proximity to the plasmalemma of mesophyll cells (Fig. 3.). By day 14 however, mesophyll cells showed almost complete breakdown of subcellular organelle structure (Fig. 4.), and further evidence for the breakdown of the tonoplast. The final stage of senescence is characterized by the solubilization of the cell wall due to expression and activity of polygalacturonase and/or cellulose. The presence of dictyosomes with associated pinocytotic vesicles formed from the mature face, in close proximity to both the plasmalemma and the cell wall, would appear to support the model proposed by Christopherson for the secretion of cellulase. This pathway of synthesis is typical for secretory glycoproteins.

ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ЯЧМЕНЯ (Hordeum vulgare L.) РАЗНОГО ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ ПО ЭЛЕМЕНТАМ СТРУКТУРЫ УРОЖАЯ

2012 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
А.В. ЖЕЛЕЗНОВ ◽  
◽  
Н.Б. ЖЕЛЕЗНОВА ◽  
Т.В. КУКОЕВА ◽  
Н.В. БУРМАКИНА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

ВНУТРИВИДОВОЙ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ ЯРОВОГО ЯЧМЕНЯ (Hordeum vulgare L.) ПО УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К ДЕЙСТВИЮ СВИНЦА

2014 ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. ДИКАРЕВ ◽  
◽  
В.Г. ДИКАРЕВ ◽  
Н.С. ДИКАРЕВА ◽  
С.А. ГЕРАСЬКИН ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

Studies on selection parameters in six rowed exotic barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes under timely sown irrigated condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravir Kumar Gupta ◽  
Ashutosh Pandey ◽  
Jitendra Kumar ◽  
Javed Bahar
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Selection Parameters

Using AMMI approach to delineate genotype by environment interaction and stability of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes under northern Indian shivalik hill conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Prakash Yadav ◽  
A. K. Razdan ◽  
Bupesh Kumar ◽  
Praveen Singh ◽  
Anjani K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Principal Component Axis ◽  
Ammi Analysis

Genotype by environment interaction (GEI) of 18 barley varieties was assessed during two successive rabi crop seasons so as to identify high yielding and stable barley varieties. AMMI analysis showed that genotypes (G), environment (E) and GEI accounted for 1672.35, 78.25 and 20.51 of total variance, respectively. Partitioning of sum of squares due to GEI revealed significance of interaction principal component axis IPCA1 only On the basis of AMMI biplot analysis DWRB 137 (41.03qha–1), RD 2715 (32.54qha–1), BH 902 (37.53qha–1) and RD 2907 (33.29qha–1) exhibited grain yield superiority of 64.45, 30.42, 50.42 and 33.42 per cent, respectively over farmers’ recycled variety (24.43qha–1).

AUSENCIA DE LATENCIA EN SEMILLA DE GENOTIPOS MEXICANOS DE CEBADA (Hordeum vulgare L.) PARA MALTA

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Juan A. Pérez-Ruiz ◽  
José A. Mejía-Contreras ◽  
Adrián Hernández-Livera ◽  
Mauro Zamora-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

La latencia se considera como la nula germinación de semillas viables cuando son colocadas en condiciones óptimas para su germinación; una semilla recién madurada puede no germinar en condiciones favorables pero puede hacerlo después de un periodo de almacenamiento. En la industria cervecera la capacidad de germinación de las semillas de cebada (Hordeum vulgare L.) está relacionada con la calidad de malta obtenida al finalizar el proceso de malteado. En esta investigación se estudió el proceso de germinación de diez genotipos de cebada para malta en muestras de semillas colectadas a partir de la madurez fisiológica, hasta que alcanzaran una germinación superior a 90 %. La prueba de germinación estándar se realizó en una cámara de germinación a temperatura constante de 25 °C, en cuatro repeticiones de 100 semillas por muestreo; además se determinó el contenido de humedad de la semilla antes de cada prueba de germinación. Se empleó un diseño experimental completamente al azar. Los resultados mostraron diferencias (P < 0.05) entre genotipos y entre los muestreos tomados a partir de madurez fisiológica en el porcentaje de germinación. Se infiere que los genotipos de cebada para malta aquí evaluados no presentan latencia, debido a que sus semillas pudieron germinar desde la madurez fisiológica; el tiempo de almacenamiento para obtener más de 90 % de germinación fue de 21 d, con excepción de los genotipos M-173, Alina y Armida que requirieron 28 d.

Barley seed storage under controlled conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Zadorozhna ◽  
T. P. Shyianova ◽  
M.Yu. Skorokhodov
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage

Seed longevity of 76 spring barley gene pool samples (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. distichon, convar. distichon: 56 nutans Schubl., two deficience (Steud.) Koern., two erectum Rode ex Shuebl., two medicum Koern.; convar. nudum (L.) A.Trof.: one nudum L. та subsp. vulgare: convar. vulgare: nine pallidum Ser., three rikotense Regel.; convar. coeleste (L.) A.Trof.: one coeleste (L.) A.Trof.) from 26 countries, 11 years and four places of reproduction was analyzed. Seeds with 5–8% moisture content were stored in chamber with unregulated and 4oC temperature. The possibility of seed storage under these conditions for at least 10 years without significant changes in germination has been established. The importance of meteorological conditions in the formation and ripening of seeds for their longevity is confirmed. The relationship between the decrease of barley seeds longevity and storage conditions, amount of rainfall, temperature regime during the growing season of plants is discussed.

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