Development and validation of breeder-friendly functional markers of sugary1 gene encoding starch-debranching enzyme affecting kernel sweetness in maize (Zea mays)

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Chhabra ◽  
Firoz Hossain ◽  
Vignesh Muthusamy ◽  
Aanchal Baveja ◽  
Brijesh K. Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Recessive Allele ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Development And Validation

The sweet corn variety of maize (Zea mays L.) has become popular worldwide. The recessive allele of sugary1 (su1) encoding starch de-branching enzyme has been much used for sweet corn cultivar development. Here, we aimed to develop su1-based functional marker(s) by using six diverse inbred lines of sugary type and five inbred lines of wild type, and using 27 overlapping primers. In total, 12 indels (insertion and deletion) and 96 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) were identified that clearly differentiated the dominant and recessive allele of su1. Among these, a 36-bp indel (at position 1247) in the promoter region included a TATA-box, and a 6-bp indel (at position 6456) in intron-10 was predicted to have SRp40 exon-splicing enhancer. Nucleotide substitution in exon-2 at position 2703 (SNP-2703) was involved in C to G mutation leading to conversion of phenylalanine to leucine. The 6-bp and 36-bp indels and SNP-2703 were used to develop breeder-friendly codominant markers: SuDel6-FR, SuDel36-FR and SNP2703-CG-85/89. All three markers were validated in five F2 populations, and SuDel36-FR and SNP2703-CG-85/89 were validated in a set of 230 diverse inbreds having both mutant and wild-type alleles of Su1. This is the first report of development and validation of universal functional markers for su1. These markers (SuDel36-FR and SNP2703-CG-85/89) assume great significance in marker-assisted breeding program.

scholarly journals Biology and survival of broom corn millet (Panicum miliaceum) seed

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. James ◽  
A. Rahman ◽  
C.R. McGill ◽  
P.D. Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Millet Seed

The wild type of broom corn millet (Panicum miliaceum) is a serious emerging weed currently prevalent in New Zealand sweet corn (Zea mays) crops This study shows its seed is nearly twice the weight of other common grass weeds and can germinate in the temperature range 1634C with 50 germination at 26C and greatest germination occurring at 31C At 15C it took 8 days for seedlings to emerge but required only 4 days at 25C Seed was able to emerge from depths of up to 170 mm in a range of soils Experiments showed that broom corn millet seed can persist in the soil for longer than 2 years in the field but is killed in silage stack and bales Immersion in stock effluent for up to three months reduced seed germination to less than 40 These characteristics are discussed in relation to herbicide and management control options for this weed

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in sweet corn inbred lines (Zea mays L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Tirumala Jawahar Sri Gopi ◽  
A. Yuvaraja ◽  
R. Naveena ◽  
O. S. Kruthika
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Corn Inbred

Development and validation of gene‐based markers for shrunken2‐Reference allele and their utilization in marker‐assisted sweet corn ( Zea mays Sachharata ) breeding programme

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 1135-1144
Author(s):  
Rashmi Chhabra ◽  
Firoz Hossain ◽  
Vignesh Muthusamy ◽  
Aanchal Baveja ◽  
Brijesh Kumar Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Reference Allele ◽  
Gene Based Markers ◽  
Development And Validation

scholarly journals Genetic effects on fitness of the mutant sugary1 in wild-type maize

2011 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DJEMEL ◽  
B. ORDÁS ◽  
L. KHELIFI ◽  
A. ORDÁS ◽  
P. REVILLA
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Breeding Programmes

SUMMARYKnowing the genetic regulation of fitness is crucial for using mutants in breeding programmes, particularly when the mutant is deleterious in some genetic backgrounds, as it happens with the sweet corn mutant sugary1 (su1) in maize (Zea mays L.). The fitness and genetic effects of maize mutant su1 were monitored through five successive selfing generations in two separated mean-generation designs. The first involved two inbreds with similar genetic backgrounds, while unrelated inbreds were used for the second design. Parents, F1s, F2s, and backcrosses were crossed to P39 as the donor of su1 and the 12 crosses were successively self-pollinated for 5 years. The su1 frequency decreased linearly across selfing generations in both designs. Additive effects were significant for su1 seed viability. However, dominance effects were of higher magnitude than additive effects, even though the dominance effects were not significant. Genetic effects depended on genotypes and environments. Therefore, the fitness of su1 is under genetic control, with significant additive effects due to minor contributions of multiple genes. The fitness of su1 is strongly affected by maize genotypic background and environment. It is hypothesized that genotypes could have evolutionary potential for modulating the fitness of single mutations.

scholarly journals Nucleotide Diversity of the Maize ZmCNR13 Gene and Association With Ear Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihao Zuo ◽  
Yue Lu ◽  
Minyan Zhu ◽  
Rujia Chen ◽  
Enying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Selection Signature ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Natural Variations ◽  
Phenotypic Variations ◽  
Maize Domestication ◽  
Maize Ear

The maize (Zea mays L.) ZmCNR13 gene, encoding a protein of fw2.2-like (FWL) family, has been demonstrated to be involved in cell division, expansion, and differentiation. In the present study, the genomic sequences of the ZmCNR13 locus were re-sequenced in 224 inbred lines, 56 landraces and 30 teosintes, and the nucleotide polymorphism and selection signature were estimated. A total of 501 variants, including 415 SNPs and 86 Indels, were detected. Among them, 51 SNPs and 4 Indels were located in the coding regions. Although neutrality tests revealed that this locus had escaped from artificial selection during the process of maize domestication, the population of inbred lines possesses lower nucleotide diversity and decay of linkage disequilibrium. To estimate the association between sequence variants of ZmCNR13 and maize ear characteristics, a total of ten ear-related traits were obtained from the selected inbred lines. Four variants were found to be significantly associated with six ear-related traits. Among them, SNP2305, a non-synonymous mutation in exon 2, was found to be associated with ear weight, ear grain weight, ear diameter and ear row number, and explained 4.59, 4.61, 4.31, and 8.42% of the phenotypic variations, respectively. These results revealed that natural variations of ZmCNR13 might be involved in ear development and can be used in genetic improvement of maize ear-related traits.

scholarly journals T45G Adiponectin Gene Polymorphism and its Association with Hyperglycemia in Adult Filipinos Seen at the Philippine General Hospital – A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Paz-Pacheco ◽  
Eva Maria Cutiongco-dela Paz ◽  
Angelique Bea C. Uy
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Adiponectin Gene ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Matched Case

Introduction. Adiponectin is an adipocytokine known to have anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects. It appears to impact insulin resistance and the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The gene encoding adiponectin ADIPOQ, has single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that can be useful biomarkers to predict development of T2D; with the T/G polymorphism of SNP +45 in exon 2 being the most common.Objective. This study was conducted to evaluate the association of T45G adiponectin gene polymorphism with hyperglycemia among adult Filipinos seen at the outpatient department of the Philippine General Hospital.Methods. This is a matched case-control study, with duration of 12 months. DNA was extracted using the QIAGEN MIDI Blood Extraction Kit. The genomic DNA obtained was then subjected to real time PCR for SNP detection.Results. One hundred (100) adults were enrolled; forty-three (43) had normoglycemia, while fifty seven (57) had hyperglycemia, after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Hyperglycemic subjects were older (44±15.6 years vs. 52±8.3 years, p-value 0.002), and had lower HDL levels (58.5±16.0 mg/dLvs. 47.8+11.8 mg/dL, p-value 0.000). Among thirty-nine (39) participants found to have the T45G adiponectin gene polymorphism, 22 or 56.4% were hyperglycemic while 17 or 43.6% were normoglycemic.Conclusion. There was no significant association observed between the T45G SNP and presence of hyperglycemia.

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