Trace mineral nutrition for broiler chickens and prospects of application of organically complexed trace minerals: a review

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Bao ◽  
M. Choct
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Organic Trace Minerals ◽  
Organic Trace

This review critically examines the literature on the current status of trace mineral nutrition and the effect of organically complexed trace minerals, focusing on copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn), on broiler chicken production. The requirements of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn by broiler chickens need to be redefined due to today’s fast growing birds and the availability of organic trace minerals. Zn is one of the key trace minerals for chickens and although it maintains a relatively stable tissue concentration, dietary deficiency of Zn strongly depresses the feed intake, and hence the growth, of broiler chickens. Based on studies using a semiconventional diet, it is reasonable to conclude that the total Zn requirement for broiler chickens is around 60 mg/kg up until day 14 and 70 mg/kg from 14 day onwards, including the Zn content in the basal diet. However, it is difficult to determine the requirements of other organic trace minerals such as Cu, Fe and Mn because under a Zn adequate condition, it is impossible to produce deficient symptoms of these minerals on the basis of growth response. It also identifies gaps in knowledge of inorganic and organic trace mineral nutrition for the modern broiler chicken.

scholarly journals EXCRETION LEVEL OF TRACE MINERALS IN BROILERS FED ORGANIC MINERAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Carvalho ◽  
Veridiana Limão ◽  
Naiara Simarro Fagundes ◽  
Evandro Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Basal Diet ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Organic Trace Minerals ◽  
Organic Minerals ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Organic Trace ◽  
Excretion Level ◽  
Trace Organic

Abstract The aim of this current study was to determine the excretion level of the trace organic minerals copper, iron, manganese, and zinc added to broiler diets at different inclusion levels. The treatments consisted of a corn and soybean meal based diet supplemented with inorganic minerals or levels of organic minerals: basal diet containing 0% of microminerals of organic source (MO), 50% MO, 75% MO, and 100% MO. Excretion levels of organic trace minerals varied quadratically in relation to the inclusion levels of organic minerals. The inclusion levels of 50% and 75% of organic minerals led to animals with lower excretion levels of all trace elements evaluated. The performance variables did not suffer any influence of treatments, even when the amount of organic minerals was equivalent to 50% of the recommended levels. The diet with the addition of trace organic minerals at the level of 50% is more efficient since it provides lower levels of trace minerals excretion keeping poultry performance.

The effect of replacing inorganic trace minerals with organic Bioplex® and Sel-Plex® on the performance and meat quality of broilers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Tavares ◽  
José Luís Mourão ◽  
Zoe Kay ◽  
Peter Spring ◽  
José Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Organic Trace Minerals ◽  
Inorganic Mineral ◽  
Organic Minerals ◽  
Organic Trace

SummaryThe aim of this study was to compare the performance and carcass quality of broilers fed diets containing either a commercial inorganic mineral premix (control) or organic trace minerals (OTM) (Sel-Plex® (Se) and Bioplex® copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe)) in a commercial environment. Four identical houses with a total of 119,500 mixed-sex broiler chickens were used (two treatments × two replicates). Birds were fed identical corn/soybean based rations differing only in mineral form and levels. The inorganic treatment (control) provided Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Se at levels of 8, 44, 55, 66 and 0.2 ppm, respectively. The OTM contained 5.5, 22, 5.5, 22 and 0.3 ppm of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Se respectively. Growth and feed conversion during the 35-day trial were not influenced (P > 0.05) by treatments. Over the entire trial period and during the first week of production, birds showed significantly lower (P < 0.05) mortality with the OTM treatment. Between 14 and 31 days, sudden death syndrome was lower (P < 0.05) with the OTM diet. OTM improved feathering at 21 days of age (P < 0.001) and lowered carcass skin tearing (P < 0.05). There was no effect of OTM on carcass yield, breast meat pH, drip loss or on meat colour (L* and b* values). However, birds fed organic minerals had redder breast meat (a*) (P < 0.05) on days three and five after slaughter. The results showed that, under commercial conditions, using lower levels of OTM (except Se) in feed relative to inorganic controls can maintain broiler performance.

scholarly journals Trace Mineral Leaching from Equine Compost

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7157
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Fowler ◽  
Mieke Brummer-Holder ◽  
Karl A. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Latin Square ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
Organic Trace Minerals ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Organic Trace ◽  
Mineral Leaching

Mineral leaching from compost can be environmentally disruptive. Little information is available regarding trace mineral leaching from equine-sourced compost. The objective of this study was to quantify the mineral content and leaching potential of compost produced from feces of horses fed different amounts and forms (organic or inorganic) of trace minerals. Nine horses were fed three treatments in a 3 × 3 replicated Latin Square design. The dietary treatments were provided as a daily pellet: CON (pellet without added trace minerals), ING (added inorganic trace minerals), and ORG (added organic trace minerals). The added trace minerals were Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn. Feces were collected from each horse after a 16-day feeding period, combined with straw, composted, and then subjected to simulated rainfall to measure mineral mobility. Concentrations of Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn were greater in ING and ORG compared to CON compost (p < 0.05); additionally, ING had greater Zn than ORG compost (p < 0.05). More Cu leached from ING and ORG compared to CON (p < 0.05). The most Zn leached from ING, followed by ORG, and the least amount leached from CON compost (p < 0.05). Dietary trace mineral intake affected the trace mineral concentration in the compost and amount available to leach during rainfall events.

PSIV-17 Effects of Trace Mineral Source and Level on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Grow-finish Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 180-180
Author(s):  
Henrique S Cemin ◽  
Luke A Swalla ◽  
Jamie L Pietig ◽  
Sharlie A Hansen ◽  
Ernie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Organic Trace Minerals ◽  
Mineral Levels ◽  
Organic Trace ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of trace mineral source and level for grow-finish pigs. In Exp. 1, 2,168 pigs (initial BW = 23.0 kg) were used in a 117-d trial. There were 5 treatments based on inorganic (sulfates and oxides) or organic (Alltech Bioplex, Lexington, KY) minerals supplemented at different levels as follows: 1) Industry inorganic (120 mg/kg Zn, 100 mg/kg Fe, 40 mg/kg Mn, 10 mg/kg Cu); 2) 100% NRC inorganic (60 mg/kg Zn, 60 mg/kg Fe, 2.2 mg/kg Mn, 4 mg/kg Cu); 3) 33% NRC organic (20 mg/kg Zn, 20 mg/kg Fe, 0.7 mg/kg Mn, 1.3 mg/kg Cu); 4) 66% NRC organic (40 mg/kg Zn, 40 mg/kg Fe, 1.5 mg/kg Mn, 2.6 mg/kg Cu); and 5) 100% NRC organic (60 mg/kg Zn, 60 mg/kg Fe, 2.2 mg/kg Mn, 4 mg/kg Cu). Selenium level was 0.30 mg/kg for all treatments. Treatment 1 had 14 replicates and the other treatments had 18 replicates. Pigs were weighed approximately every three weeks and carcass data was collected at the end of the trial. Data was analyzed with SAS MIXED procedure. There was no evidence for differences (P &gt; 0.10) for overall ADG, ADFI, G:F, and final BW. Pigs fed 66% NRC organic had the highest (P &lt; 0.05) percentage lean and loin depth. In Exp. 2, 1,188 pigs (initial BW = 25.9 kg) were used in a 120-d trial with two treatments: 1) Industry inorganic and 2) 66% NRC organic, with the same mineral levels as Exp. 1 and 24 replicates per treatment. There was no difference (P &gt; 0.10) in growth performance. Similar to Exp. 1, pigs fed 66% NRC organic had higher (P &lt; 0.05) percentage lean and loin depth. In conclusion, lower levels of organic trace minerals resulted in improved carcass characteristics without compromising growth performance.

scholarly journals Low-dose of organic trace minerals reduced fecal mineral excretion without compromising performance of laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialing Qiu ◽  
Xintao Lu ◽  
Lianxiang Ma ◽  
Chuanchuan Hou ◽  
Junna He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Mineral Excretion ◽  
Organic Trace Minerals ◽  
Fecal Mineral Excretion ◽  
Organic Trace

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of low doses of organic trace minerals (iron, copper, manganese, and zinc) on productive performance, egg quality, yolk and tissue mineral retention, and fecal mineral excretion of laying hens during the late laying period.Methods: A total of 405 healthy hens (HY-Line White, 50-week-old) were randomly divided into 3 treatments, with 9 replicates per treatment and 15 birds per replicate. The dietary treatments included feeding a basal diet + inorganic trace minerals at commercial levels (CON), a basal diet + inorganic trace minerals at 1/3 commercial levels (ITM), and a basal diet + proteinated trace minerals at 1/3 commercial levels (TRT). The trial lasted for 56 days.Results: Compared to CON, ITM decreased (p<0.05) egg production, daily egg mass, albumen height, eggshell strength, yolk Fe concentration, serum alkaline phosphatase activity and total protein, and increased (p<0.05) egg loss and feed to egg ratio. Whereas with productive performance, egg quality, yolk mineral retention, and serum indices there were no differences (p>0.05) between CON and TRT. The concentrations of Fe and Mn in the tissue and tibia were changed notably in ITM relative to CON and TRT. Both ITM and TRT reduced (p<0.05) fecal mineral excretion compared to CON.Conclusion: These results indicate that dietary supplementation of low-dose organic trace minerals reduced fecal mineral excretion without negatively impacting hen performance and egg quality.

scholarly journals Effects of inorganic minerals replaced by complexed glycinates on growth, blood profiles, immune responses, intestinal morphology, and mineral excretion in piglets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Pei ◽  
Geng Wang ◽  
Lujie Liu ◽  
Wanjing Sun ◽  
Zhiping Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Mineral Excretion ◽  
Blood Profiles

Abstract BACKGROUND: The effects of inorganic trace minerals (ITM) replaced by low-dose glycine-complexed trace minerals (GCM) on growth, serum parameters, immunity, intestinal morphology, and mineral excretion in piglets were investigated. One hundred and twenty-eight weaned piglets (14.18 ± 0.33kg body weight (BW)) were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 4 replicates, 8 piglets per replicate. Treatments consist of: (T1) basal diet + 100% inorganic trace mineral (ITM) as the control group (20 ppm Cu, 150 ppm Fe, 150 ppm Zn, and 30 ppm Mn from sulfates); (T2) basal diet + 50% ITM (Cu, Fe, Zn, and Mn from sulfates, 50% of control) + 50% organic trace minerals (OTM, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Mn from glycine complexed trace minerals (GCM), 50% of control); (T3) basis diet + 50% OTM from GCM; (T4) basal diet + 70% OTM from GCM. The feeding period lasted 28 d and was divided into 2 stages (0 to 14 d and 15 to 28 d). After feeding trial , 6 pigs per treatment were randomly selected to slaughter for sampling. RESULTS: Average daily gain, feed intake, and G:F were not affected by dietary treatments during the overall period. During the second, and the overall feeding phases, the digestibility of Zn and Fe in T3 and T4 was higher than that of T1 ( P < 0.05). The concentration of serum ferritin in T2 was significantly higher than T3 and T4. Serum immunoglobulin A concentration in the ileal mucosa of T2 was higher than that of T1 ( P < 0.05), and the higher duodenum villus height was observed in T4 compared with the rest treatments ( P < 0.05). The lowest trace mineral excretion was overserved in T3 ( P < 0.01); in addition, the urinary concentrations of Zn and Fe in T2 were lower than that in T1 ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that GCM have higher bioavailability than ITM, and that supplementation of low-dose GCM to replace full dose ITM could reduce mineral excretion without affecting performance, blood profiles, immune responses, and intestinal morphology in piglets.

scholarly journals 291 Effects of replacing inorganic trace minerals with low level of organic trace minerals on growth performance, tissue mineral deposition and mineral excretion in piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 120-120
Author(s):  
xun pei ◽  
lujie liu ◽  
geng wang ◽  
minqi wang ◽  
Minyan huai
Keyword(s):  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Mineral Excretion ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Mineral Deposition ◽  
Organic Trace Minerals ◽  
Liver And Pancreas ◽  
Organic Minerals ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Organic Trace

Abstract This study was conducted to investigate effects of inorganic trace mineral (ITMs) replacement with low level organic trace minerals (glycine complex minerals, GCMs; proteolytic complex minerals, PCMs) on growth, tissue mineral retention and mineral excretion in piglets. A total of 128 weaned piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Largewhite, 14.37 ± 0.32kg BW) aged 40d were randomly divided into 4 dietary treatments and fed for 28 days, with 4 replicates of 8 piglets per treatment. Dietary treatments were:(T1) basal + ITMs (Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn, sulfate) at 100% commercial level;(T2) basal + ITMs at 50% commercial level + GCMs at 50% commercial level;(T3) basal + GCMs at 50% commercial level;(T4) basal + PCMs at 50% commercial level respectively. On day 29, six piglets from each group were slaughtered to collect serum, muscle and organ samples. The results showed that ADG of T1, T2 and T3 was higher than that of T4 (P &lt; 0.05), FCR of T1, T2 and T3 was lower than that of T4 (P &lt; 0.01). The retention of trace minerals in tissues and serum is significantly correlated with the supplemental level and source of trace minerals. When 50% commercial level ITMs replaced with GCMs, Cu in serum, heart, liver and pancreas, Fe in liver and muscle was increased (P &lt; 0.05), and liver Zn, Mn in heart, liver and muscle was increased (P &lt; 0.01) respectively. Muscle Zn in T3 was higher than that from T4 (P &lt; 0.05) with same level of organic minerals. Zn, Fe, Mn excreted from urine in pigs fed T2 diet was less than that from T1 (P &lt; 0.05), and urine Zn in T3 treatment is lower than that from T4 (P &lt; 0.05). This study indicated that dietary ITMs replacement with GCMs resulted in higher tissue minerals deposition, and organic trace minerals from GCMs exhibited higher bioavailability than those from PCMs.

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