Detection of floral initiation in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) based on electron micrograph standards of shoot apices

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Y. Tan ◽  
A. H. Wearing ◽  
K. G. Rickert ◽  
C. J. Birch
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Floral Primordia ◽  
Initiation Stage ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L ◽  
Stage Stage

Summary. Detecting floral initiation is fundamental to predicting the ontogeny of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck). Scanning electron micrographs of the apical meristem of broccoli (cv. ‘Fiesta’) were made for the transition from the vegetative to advanced reproductive stage. Seven identifiable stages were observed. During the early vegetative stage (stage 1), the apical meristem was a small, pointed, shoot tip surrounded by leaf primordia. The transitional stage (stage 2) was marked by a widening and flattening to form a dome-shaped apical meristem. In the floral initiation stage (stage 3), the 1st-order floral primordia were observed in the axils of the developing bracts. Further work from a field experiment showed that apex diameter at floral initiation averaged 500 ± 3 m when examined under a light microscope. Apex diameter was not affected by photoperiod, planting time or cultivar. These descriptions and micrographs will enhance broccoli research by standardising the descriptions of floral development in broccoli, and will also be used as the basis of future work in the field identification of floral initiation and the prediction of the timing of phenological events in broccoli.

Floral Initiation and Development in Helipterum roseum (Hook.) Benth. And Helichrysum bracteatum (Vent.) Andrews (Asteraceae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
KV Sharman ◽  
M Sedgley
Keyword(s):  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Involucral Bract ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Helichrysum Bracteatum

Floral initiation and development in Helichrysum bracteatum and Helipterum roseum were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The sequence of events in these two species was similar and occurred rapidly. Seven stages in apical development were identified, which were distinctive in both appearance and size. Stage 1 was a small vegetative meristem with 2-4 leaf primordia. Stage 2 (also vegetative) was characterized by a doubling in both height and diameter. A doming of the apical meristem signified the commencement of stage 3, and at the appearance of the first involucral bracts (stage 4) the apex had further tripled in height and doubled in diameter. This was followed by the appearance of floret primordia (stage 5). By the time the inflorescence buds were visible to the naked eye (stage 6) several rows of florets were present, and at anthesis (stage 7) the capitulum was covered with florets. During the transition from stage 4 to stage 5 a few developing primordia appeared to divide. The lower portion developed into a small involucral bract and the upper portion into a floret. The florets developed centripetally such that a range of developmental stages was present on the capitulum. The development of the individual florets involved the differentiation of perianth, anther, pistil and pappus hairs. Stage 4 was considered the point at which the apex was committed to flower.

Tronchuda cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. costata DC) leaf free amino acid profile

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Silva ◽  
AP Oliveira ◽  
DM Pereira ◽  
C Sousa ◽  
RM Seabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Tronchuda Cabbage ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Pengaruh teknik pengolahan terhadap kandungan beta-karoten pada brokoli (Brassica oleracea L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Mario Febrianus Helan Sani ◽  
Setyowati Setyowati ◽  
Sri Kadaryati
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Latar Belakang: Beta-karoten merupakan salah satu isomer karoten yang bisa ditemukan pada sayuran berwarna hijau tua atau kuning tua (seperti wortel dan brokoli). Brokoli merupakan sayuran yang memiliki kandungan beta-karoten yang cukup tinggi, yaitu 623 IU/100 gram. Namun, proses pengolahan brokoli menjadi hidangan dapat menurunkan kandungan beta-karotennya. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh teknik pengolahan terhadap kandungan beta-karoten pada brokoli. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observational di laboratorium. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak sederhana dengan dua kali pengulangan dan satu unit percobaan. Teknik pengolahan yang dilakukan adalah merebus, mengukus, dan menumis. Brokoli mentah digunakan sebagai kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari–Maret 2017. Analisis kadar beta-karoten dilakukan di Laboratorium Chem-mix Pratama Yogyakarta dengan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil: Kadar beta-karoten tertinggi terdapat pada brokoli mentah diikuti dengan brokoli yang ditumis, dikukus dan direbus. Persen penurunan kadar beta-karoten yang direbus, dikukus dan ditumis dibandingkan dengan brokoli mentah masing-masing sebesar 45,87%, 33,52% dan 22,25%. Ada penurunan kadar beta-karoten yang signifikan setelah direbus, ditumis, maupun dikukus dibandingkan dengan brokoli segar (p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Kadar beta-karoten pada brokoli mengalami penurunan setelah dilakukan pengolahan dengan cara direbus, dikukus, dan ditumis. Merebus mengakibatkan penurunan kadar betakaroten terbanyak dibandingkan dengan kedua proses lainnya.

Modelo tecnológico para el cultivo de brócoli en el departamento de Antioquia Brassica olerácea L. var. Itálica

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Jaramillo ◽  
Paula Aguilar ◽  
Carolina Valencia ◽  
Alegria Saldarriaga ◽  
Antonio Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L
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