Partial rootzone drying and deficit irrigation increase stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit in anisohydric grapevines

The aim of this study was to investigate how alternative irrigation strategies affected grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) stomatal response to atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD). In two sites, application of partial rootzone drying (PRD) at 90–100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) increased stomatal sensitivity of Shiraz (Syrah) grapevines to high VPD compared with control vines irrigated with the same amount of water but applied on both sides of the vine. PRD significantly reduced vine water use (ESF) measured as sap flow and in dry conditions increased the depth of water uptake from the soil profile. In both experiments, PRD reduced vine water use by up to 50% at moderate VPD (~3 kPa) compared with control vines irrigated at the same level. In the same vines, the response to PRD applied at 100% ETc and deficit irrigation applied at 65% ETc was the same, increasing stomatal sensitivity to VPD and decreasing sap flow. Hydraulic signalling apparently did not play a role in changing stomatal sensitivity as there was no difference in stem water potentials between any of the treatment (PRD and DI) and control vines. This suggests that a long distance root-based chemical signal such as ABA may be responsible for the changes in stomatal behaviour. Shiraz grapevines have previously been classified as anisohydric-like, but application of PRD and DI increased stomatal closure in response to conditions of high evaporative demand making the vines behave in a more isohydric-like manner.

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An assessment of potato sap flow as affected by soil water status, solar radiation and vapour pressure deficit

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/s97-079 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 79 (2) ◽

pp. 245-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. Gordon ◽

D. M. Brown ◽

A. Madani ◽

M. A. Dixon

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Use ◽

Vapour Pressure ◽

Sap Flow ◽

Water Status ◽

Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Rapid Decline ◽

Plant Variation ◽

Flow Monitoring

Water-use of three field-grown potato cultivars (Atlantic, Monona and Norchip) was examined using a commercially available sap flow monitoring system over three consecutive growing seasons. The objectives of the investigation were to utilize the sap flow system to assess the water use of three field-grown potato cultivars. This included an assessment of the relationship between environmental conditions, water status and measured sap flow including the plant-to-plant variation in sap flow and an evaluation of relative transpiration in relation to the soil water status.Each cultivar maintained daily sap flow close to the atmospheric potential transpiration until approximately 70% of the available water was depleted. Under conditions where the soil was drier (>70% depleted), Monona potato plants exhibited a more rapid decline in transpiration than Norchip and Atlantic.Hourly sap flow rates were closely related to solar irradiance, especially under well-watered conditions, with no apparent light saturation point. Vapour pressure deficit effects on sap flow were less pronounced, although maximum vapour pressure deficits encountered were only 2 kPa. Key words: Water use, sap flow, transpiration, potato

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Partial rootzone drying increases water-use efficiency of lemon Fino 49 trees independently of root-to-shoot ABA signalling

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp11269 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 366 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

J. G. Pérez-Pérez ◽

I. C. Dodd ◽

P. Botía

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Potential ◽

Water Use ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Vapour Pressure ◽

Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Partial Rootzone Drying

To determine whether irrigation strategy altered the sensitivity of Citrus leaf gas exchange to soil, plant and atmospheric variables, mature (16-year-old) Fino 49 lemon trees (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. fil. grafted on Citrus macrophylla Wester) were exposed to three irrigation treatments: control (irrigated with 100% of crop potential evapotranspiration, ETc), deficit irrigation (DI) and partial rootzone drying (PRD) treatments,which received 75% ETc during the period of highest evaporative demand and 50% ETc otherwise. Furthermore, to assess the physiological significance of root-to-shoot ABA signalling, the seasonal dynamics of leaf xylem ABA concentration ([X-ABA]leaf) were evaluated over two soil wetting–drying cycles during a 2-week period in summer. Although stomatal conductance (gs) declined with increased leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit (LAVPD), lower leaf water potential and soil water availability, [X-ABA]leaf was only related to stomatal closure in well irrigated trees under moderate (<2.5 kPa) atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD). Differences in [X-ABA]leaf were not detected between treatments either before or immediately after (<12 h) rewatering the dry side of PRD trees. Leaf water potential was higher in control trees, but decreased similarly in all irrigation treatments as daily LAVPD increased. In contrast, DI and PRD trees showed lower stomatal sensitivity to LAVPD than control trees. Although DI and PRD decreased stomatal conductance and photosynthesis, these treatments did not significantly decrease yield, but PRD increased crop water use efficiency (WUE) by 83% compared with control trees. Thus PRD-induced enhancement of crop WUE in a semiarid environment seems to involve physiological mechanisms other than increased [X-ABA]leaf.

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Performance of direct root-zone deficit irrigation on Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon production and water use efficiency in semi-arid southcentral Washington

Agricultural Water Management ◽

10.1016/j.agwat.2019.04.023 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 221 ◽

pp. 47-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xiaochi Ma ◽

Karen A. Sanguinet ◽

Pete W. Jacoby

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Root Zone ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Cabernet Sauvignon ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Semi Arid

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Effect of Temperature, Vapour-Pressure Deficit and Irradiance on Transpiration Rates of Maize, Paspalum, Westerwolds and Perennial Ryegrasses, Peas, White Clover and Lucerne

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp9770889 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 889 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

BJ Forde ◽

KJ Mitchell ◽

EA Edge

Keyword(s):

Water Use ◽

Transpiration Rate ◽

White Clover ◽

Vapour Pressure ◽

Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Growth Environment ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

C3 Species

Rates of water use [g H2O (g dry wt leaf)-1 h-1] of young plants of maize, paspalum, perennial ryegrass, Westerwolds ryegrass, peas, white clover and lucerne were measured during the day under controlled climate conditions with ample water available to the plant. Plants were grown and observations made with day/night temperatures of 32.5/27.5°C, 27.5/22.5°, 22.5/17.5°, and 17.5/12.5°C with a day/night vapour pressure deficit (VPD) of the air of 10/2mbar. Water use measurements were also made at 27.5/22.5° and 17.5/12.5°C under day/night VPD regimes of 5/2 and 15/2 mbar. Irradiance during the 12-h day was 170 W m-2 (400-700 nm). Further water use determinations were made at the four temperature regimes under 10/2 mbar VPD and an irradiance of 60 W m-2 (400-700 nm). For a given species, transpiration rates increased with temperature at constant VPD under both irradiance environments, by factors ranging from 1.4 to 2.3. Transpiration rates of maize and paspalum (C4) were lower at a given temperature than were the rates of the C3 species, while lucerne and clover had the highest rates. Water use by lucerne was 2.5 to 3.5 times that of maize. Transpiration rates of maize and paspalum were lower under 60 W m-2 than under 170 W m-2 but irradiance had little effect on transpiration rate of the C3 species. Though transpiration rate generally increased with increasing VPD, the difference in rates between plants at 5 mbar and 10 mbar VPD was much greater than between 10 mbar and 15 mbar. The physiological adaption of different species to their growth environment is discussed, and the implications of the results with reference to water loss by young, single-spaced plants in the field is outlined.

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WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF FIELD GROWN CHARDONNAY GRAPEVINES SUBJECTED TO PARTIAL ROOTZONE DRYING AND DEFICIT IRRIGATION

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2004.664.71 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 567-573 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

S. Pudney ◽

M.G. McCarthy

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Partial Rootzone Drying

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Changes in gas exchange characteristics and water use efficiency of mangroves in response to salinity and vapour pressure deficit

Oecologia ◽

10.1007/bf00378237 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 38-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

B. F. Clough ◽

R. G. Sim

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Vapour Pressure ◽

Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Gas Exchange Characteristics

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Effect of elevated CO2 concentration and vapour pressure deficit on isoprene emission from leaves of Populus deltoides during drought

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp04142 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 31 (12) ◽

pp. 1137 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Emiliano Pegoraro ◽

Ana Rey ◽

Edward G. Bobich ◽

Greg Barron-Gafford ◽

Katherine Ann Grieve ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elevated Co2 ◽

Vapour Pressure ◽

Populus Deltoides ◽

Global Climate ◽

Stomatal Closure ◽

Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Emission Rates ◽

Isoprene Emission ◽

Long Term Effect

To further our understanding of the influence of global climate change on isoprene production we studied the effect of elevated [CO2] and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) on isoprene emission rates from leaves of Populus deltoides Bartr. during drought stress. Trees, grown inside three large bays with atmospheres containing 430, 800, or 1200 μmol mol–1 CO2 at the Biosphere 2 facility, were subjected to a period of drought during which VPD was manipulated, switching between low VPD (approximately 1 kPa) and high VPD (approximately 3 kPa) for several days. When trees were not water-stressed, elevated [CO2] inhibited isoprene emission and stimulated photosynthesis. Isoprene emission was less responsive to drought than photosynthesis. As water-stress increased, the inhibition of isoprene emission disappeared, probably as a result of stomatal closure and the resulting decreases in intercellular [CO2] (Ci). This assumption was supported by increased isoprene emission under high VPD. Drought and high VPD dramatically increased the proportion of assimilated carbon lost as isoprene. When measured at the same [CO2], leaves from trees grown at ambient [CO2] always had higher isoprene emission rates than the leaves of trees grown at elevated [CO2], demonstrating that CO2 inhibition is a long-term effect.

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Does increased air humidity affect stomatal morphology and functioning in hybrid aspen?

Botany ◽

10.1139/cjb-2015-0004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 243-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Aigar Niglas ◽

Meeli Alber ◽

Kristi Suur ◽

Anna K. Jasińska ◽

Priit Kupper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vapour Pressure ◽

Stomatal Density ◽

Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽

Carbon Gain ◽

Hybrid Aspen ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Response Curves ◽

Opposite Pattern ◽

Stomatal Morphology ◽

Stomatal Sensitivity

The study investigated the effects of exposure to increased relative air humidity (RH) on stomatal morphology and sensitivity to stomata closure inducing stimulus (low RH) in hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) coppice growing in field conditions. Artificially elevated RH reduced air vapour pressure deficit by 5%–10% and altered stomatal sensitivity; trees grown under high RH exhibited stronger stomatal response to decreasing air humidity. We found no difference in mean stomatal pore length between treatments and a small decline in stomatal density under humidification. The lack of correlation between stomatal sensitivity and morphological traits suggests that stomatal sensitivity was unaffected by stomatal morphology. In light of rising atmospheric humidity predicted for high latitudes, strict stomatal control over water loss might be beneficial for trees if drought events become more frequent in the future. However, our experiment revealed that about two-thirds of the leaf-to-air vapour pressure difference (VPDL) response curves demonstrated the opposite pattern, i.e., stomatal opening in response to increasing VPDL. Strict stomatal regulation is probably not beneficial to fast-growing aspen coppice under low RH, as this trait may restrict their carbon gain and growth rate.

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