Australian treehoppers (Hemiptera:Membracidae:Centrotinae:Terentiini): phylogeny and biogeography

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Wallace ◽  
Lewis L. Deitz
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Australian Region ◽  
Centre Of Diversity ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Plant Families

This work presents the first hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships among all 40 genera of the treehopper tribe Terentiini (Hemiptera : Membracidae : Centrotinae). This phylogeny, based on a parsimony analysis of 77 morphological characters, made possible an analytical approach to determining the likely ancestral host-plant family and geographic distribution of the tribe, based on present-day hosts and distributions. Of Australia’s 37 treehopper genera, 36 belong to the tribe Terentiini, with their centre of diversity in Queensland (30 genera). Optimisations of present-day distributions mapped on our phylogeny suggest that the ancestor of the tribe occurred in the Australian region, around north-eastern Australia (Queensland) and New Guinea (which has 8–10 terentiine genera). Subsequent dispersals from the Australian region (with 37 genera) took the tribe to the Indomalayan (11 genera) and Palaearctic (1 genus) regions. At least 13 terentiine genera include representatives that occur beyond the borders of Australia and New Guinea. Notable among the migrant lineages is the clade ‘Polonius + (Bulbauchenia + (Funkhouserella + Pyrgonota))’, which includes genera with such extraordinary pronotal modifications that some members were previously placed in separate tribes (Bulbaucheniini or Funkhouserellini). Members of this remarkable breakaway clade are known from Australia (Polonius only), Indonesia, the Malay Peninsula, Thailand, the Philippines, southern China (Taiwan and Hainan Island) and Japan. With regard to terentiine host plants, optimisations of present-day host associations point to the Leguminosae as the ancestral host family, even though plant families of Gondwanan origin, especially Myrtaceae and Proteaceae, are also prominent terentiine hosts. The overall evidence to date indicates that Terentiini are not a remnant of the early Gondwanan fauna, but rather a more recent tribe derived from Indomalayan ancestors.

scholarly journals Morphometry and Phylogeny of the Different Populations of Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring and S. pulvinata (Hook. & Grev.) Maxim. in Northern Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Udon Pongkawong ◽  
◽  
Jatupol Kampuansai ◽  
Rossarin Pollawatn ◽  
Arunothai Jampeetong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Selaginella Tamariscina

Abstract “Dok Hin” is the Thai local name for Selaginella species that form rosettes. They commonly distributes in Siberia, Manchuria, southern China, Japan, the Philippines and Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin is very resemble leading to misidentification. So, exactly number of species of Dok Hin in Thailand and their differences in morphological characteristics is not well understood. Thus, revision of morphological characters and phylogenetic confirmation of the taxonomic identification are needed. This study aims to examine morphological charateristics and phylogenetic patterns in eight populations of the Dok Hin in Northern Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin from each populations was quantitatively examined using 15 vegetative and 6 reproductive characters meanwhile phylogenetic analyses was explored by DNA barcode ITS2. The results of the phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two species of Dok Hin, S. tamariscina and S. pulvinata. Selaginella tamariscina can be distinguished from S. pulvinata by its presence of a pseudotrunk above ground and ridges of dorsal leaves. On the other hand, the results of phylogenetic analysis indicated the differences among populations of S. pulvinata as well. Chiang Mai populations of S. pulvinata was characterized by peculiar set of characters long leaves and leaf apices look like caudate, while the rest of their populations have shorter leaves and leaf apices look like aristate. It indicates that S. pulvinata has genetic and phenotypic divergence among populations. However, additional studies of Dok Hin populations in other parts of Thailand and studies on different genetic markers are necessary to confirm the taxonomic status of S. pulvinata. Keywords: Dok Hin, Morphometric, Phylogeny, Pseudotrunk, Resurrection plant

Some marine diatoms from the Australian region, especiallly from Port Phillip Bay and Tropical North-eastern Australia. 2. Survey of the genus Palmeria and of the family Lithodesmiaceae including the new genus Lithodesmioides.

Brunonia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stosch HA Von
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Marine Diatoms ◽  
Australian Region ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
Branching Point ◽  
First Time

Based on plankton samples collected in 1970 and on a survey of the literature, the Australian members of the genus Palmeria and of the family Lithodesmiaceae are critically listed or described. Both species of Palmeria are new for the Australian region, as are one species each of Lithodesmium and of Ditylum, two species of the genus Lithodesmioides, one species plus one variety of Bellerochea, as well as one species and one form of Neostreptotheca. Lithodesmium duckerae, Lithodesmioides polymorphum and L. minutum, Ditylum buchananii, Bellerochea horologicalis var. recta and Neostreptotheca torta and its fo. triangularis are described for the first time. Palmeria ostenfeldii, a species associated with an epiphytic ciliate, is sep- arated from P. hardmaniana. In Ditylum brightwellii, the proportion of thecae with the slotted versus the fimbriate form of the marginal ridge is shown to be probably influenced by the ambient water conditions. In the same species, the ontogenies of the resting spores (including germi- nation) as well as of the gametes are described. Lithodesmioides presents new instances of fissipariety (split wall character) in both of its species. 'Simple pores', which have recently been demonstrated by Li and Volcani to be distinct in origin from areolae, are common in all described species of Lithodesmium, Lithodesmioides and Ditylum in two forms as either 'branching point pores' or 'intracostal pores'.

Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of melanotaeniid fishes in Australia and New Guinea

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. McGuigan ◽  
D. Zhu ◽  
G. R. Allen ◽  
C. Moritz
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Mtdna Diversity ◽  
North Western

Phylogenetic analysis of melanotaeniid mtDNA cytochrome b and tRNA Pro-control region sequence is broadly consistent with the current taxonomy. However, the molecular phylogeny supports the elevation of M. s. australis to full species status and indicates either that it is a composite species or has introgressed with sympatric Melanotaenia species. Phenotypically cryptic mtDNA diversity in north-eastern Australia possibly represents an undescribed species. Six major monophyletic clades present in the phylogeny were strongly supported by morphological data. The clades represent three biogeographic regions. Fish from northern New Guinea form a monophyletic clade, within which Melanotaenia and Glossolepis are polyphyletic. The divergence of this clade from those in southern New Guinea is consistent with the final uplift of the Central Highlands 5 million years BP. North-western New Guinea and associated islands represent another highly divergent, monophyletic clade of a similar age to that in northern New Guinea. The remaining four clades form a monophyletic assemblage restricted to southern New Guinea and Australia: one in northern Australia, one with a disjunct distribution in north-western and eastern Australia, one widespread throughout Australia and southern New Guinea, and one in southern New Guinea with an outlying species in northern Australia. The phylogenetic relationships between Australia and southern New Guinea are consistent with episodic connection via the freshwater Lake Carpentaria during periods of low sea level.

First record of the genus Ptilocerus in the Australian Region, with the description of two new species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4410 (1) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
M. B. MALIPATIL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Australian Region ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time

The assassin bugs of the genus Ptilocerus Gray, 1831 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Holoptilinae) occurring in the Australian Region are reviewed for the first time, resulting in the description of two new species, viz., P. spangenbergi sp. nov. (Queensland and Northern Territory, Australia) and P. papuensis sp. nov. (Papua New Guinea). The latter species differs from P. fuscus Gray, 1831 (the type-species of genus Ptilocerus) in a couple of major external morphological characters, hence its tentative placement in the genus Ptilocerus is discussed. A key for the separation of the two new species is provided. 

Systematic analysis of the fauna of Papua New Guinea and associated biogeographical territories.

2022 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Richard A. I. Drew ◽  
Meredith C. Romig
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Torres Strait

Abstract This chapter presents the classification of the dacine fauna of Papua New Guinea and associated biogeographical territories into two genera, Bactrocera Macquart (with 21 subgenera) and Dacus Fabricius (with three subgenera). These include the subgenus Diplodacus May, which occurs in north-eastern Australia and the Torres Strait Islands. A key to genera and subgenera recorded in the Australian-Pacific Region is provided.

A revision of the dark-bellied, stream-dwelling snakes of the genus Hebius (Reptilia: Squamata: Natricidae) with the description of a new species from China, Vietnam and Thailand

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4911 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-61
Author(s):  
PATRICK DAVID ◽  
GERNOT VOGEL ◽  
TRUONG QUANG NGUYEN ◽  
NIKOLAI L. ORLOV ◽  
OLIVIER S. G. PAUWELS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Northern Vietnam ◽  
Full Species ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
A New Species

Species of the genus Hebius Thompson, 1913 with 17 or 19 dorsal scale rows at midbody and an overall dark venter are reviewed, including the two species previously known as Parahelicops annamensis Bourret, 1934 and Pararhabdophis chapaensis Bourret, 1934. Specimens with 17 scale rows are morphologically similar to Hebius venningi (Wall, 1910), which is here redefined based on external morphological characters such as scalation, and dorsal and ventral patterns. Consequently, Natrix nigriventer Wall, 1925 is resurrected from its synonymy with Hebius venningi, whereas Natrix taronensis Smith, 1940, previously considered a subspecies of H. venningi or a full species by some authors but without justification, is here confirmed to full species status. Another group of species, mostly similar in coloration and pattern to the H. venningi group but with 19 dorsal scale rows, includes H. modestus (Günther, 1875), H. deschauenseei (Taylor, 1934) and a new species which is described herein based on specimens from northern Vietnam, southern China and north-eastern Thailand due to distinct morphological differences. We also provide updated taxonomic accounts for the species of this group, including an identification key and distribution maps. 

Morphological evaluation of the Drosera peltata complex (Droseraceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gibson ◽  
Barry J. Conn ◽  
Jeremy J. Bruhl
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Granite Outcrops ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
South Eastern Australia

A phenetic study of morphological characters of the Drosera peltata complex (Droseraceae) supports the recognition of the following taxa: D. peltata from wetlands of south-eastern Australia; D. auriculata from south-eastern Australia and New Zealand; the morphologically variable D. hookeri from south-eastern Australia and northern New Zealand; the widespread D. lunata from southern and South-East Asia, as well as northern and north-eastern Australia; and the new species D. yilgarnensis R.P.Gibson & B.J.Conn is here described, from around granite outcrops of south-western Australia. D. bicolor from south-western Australia is recognised as a distinct species outside of the D. peltata complex. D. insolita, considered until recently as a distinct species, is reduced to synonymy of D. lunata. Phenotypic plasticity, vegetative similarity and fleetingly produced diagnostic floral and seed characters within the complex pose significant challenges in understanding the taxonomy of these taxa.

Systematic revision of the Indo-West Pacific mangrove-associated snails of the genus Bakawan (Cephalaspidea: Haminoeidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trond R Oskars ◽  
Manuel António E Malaquias
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Discovery Method ◽  
The Western Pacific

ABSTRACT The genus Bakawan includes species of haminoeid snails associated with mangrove habitats and mud flats in the Indo-West Pacific. Here, we revise the diversity and systematics of the genus Bakawan based on our recent molecular phylogeny (Oskars & Malaquias, 2019) and detailed analysis of morphological characters. We examined a range of morphological characters (the shells, external morphology of the animal, jaw, radula, gizzard plate and male reproductive system) using light and scanning electron microscopy. We also carried out a species delimitation analysis (we used the automatic barcode gap discovery method) based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I DNA sequence data. Four distinct species were recognized: Bakawan rotundata (A. Adams, 1850), which is the type species of the genus and ranges from the eastern Indian Ocean to the western Pacific; B. fusca (A. Adams, 1850), currently known only from the Philippines; and two species new to science, B. puti n. sp., known only from the Philippines, and B. hedleyi n. sp., restricted to tropical eastern Australia.

Studies in the Cunoniaceae. I. The genera Ceratopetalum, Gillbeea, Aistopetalum, and Calycomis

1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 318 ◽  
Author(s):  
RD Hoogland
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Type Collection ◽  
Blue Mountains ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Critical Notes

This first series of studies in the Cunoniaceae offers revisions of the genera Ceratopetalum Sm., Gillbeea F. Muell., Aistopetalum Schltr., and Calycomis D. Don. Full synonymy, bibliography, descriptions, and critical notes are given for the genera and species, and keys to the species are included. The genus Cemtopetalum comprises five species in eastern Australia and New Guinea. C. tetrapterum Mattf., described from New Guinea, is reduced in synonymy under C. succirubrum C. T. White, previously known only from northeastern Queensland. The genus Gillbeea comprises two species, one in north-eastern Queensland and one in New Guinea. The genus Aistopetalum comprises two species in New Guinea; one species is widespread in the northern parts of the island, the other is known only from the type collection. A. tetramerum Kan. et Hat. is reduced in synonymy under A. viticoides. The genus Calycomis is monotypic; its only species, C. australis (A. Cunn.) Hoogl. comb. nov. (Weinmannia australis A. Cunn.) is found in the Blue Mountains of New South Wales and is currently known as Acrophyllum verticillatum or A. venosum.

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