scholarly journals Pop-up archival satellite tagging of Carcharias taurus: movements and depth/temperature-related use of south-eastern Australian waters

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Otway ◽  
M. T. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
North Coast ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Acoustic Tags ◽  
Inshore Waters ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Satellite Tagging ◽  
Migratory Movements ◽  
North And South ◽  
Carcharias Taurus

Knowledge of migratory movements and depth/temperature-related use of coastal waters by sharks can lead to more sustainable fisheries and assist in managing the long-term conservation of those species now considered threatened. Pop-up archival satellite tags (PATs) provide an alternative to conventional tagging for documenting migratory movements. This study focussed on the migratory movements of Carcharias taurus, a critically endangered shark found along the east coast of Australia. From October 2003 to July 2008, 15 C. taurus individuals were tagged with PATs with varying deployments (60–150 days) and acoustic tags linked to an acoustic monitoring system providing accurate geo-location. Distances moved by C. taurus individuals ranged from 5 to 1550 km and varied according to sex and season. Migrations north and south were punctuated en route by occupation of sites for varying periods of time. The deepest depth recorded was 232 m off South West Rocks on the New South Wales mid-north coast. On average, C. taurus males and females spent at least 71% of their time in waters <40 m and 95% of their time in waters 17–24°C. By mainly occupying inshore waters, C. taurus is exposed to potentially adverse fishing-related interactions that may be difficult to mitigate.

A new Australian record of a Parajapidae (Diplura): a potential pest of wheat

Soil Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Penelope Greenslade ◽  
Yun-Xia Luan
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
New South ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Potential Pest ◽  
North And South America ◽  
First Time ◽  
North And South

Parajapyx isabellae (Grassi, 1886) is recorded for the first time from Australia. It is a cosmopolitan soil species found in Europe, North and South America and Asia. Womersley last studied Australian Parajapygidae 80 years ago, listing a single endemic species for the genus Parajapyx Silvestri, 1903, sensu stricta. In 2017, an unidentified Parajapyx was found in deep soil under wheat in winter, spring and summer at Harden, New South Wales, in a long-term tillage trial. It was most abundant in the minimum tillage/stubble retained plots in soil below 5 cm but rarely observed in the conventionally tilled/stubble burned plots. The same field experiment was sampled five times using the same methods over 3 years from 1993–95 but no specimens of Diplura were collected. The specimens were identified as P. isabellae using morphology and confirmed with the DNA barcoding sequence data. Most species of Parajapygidae are carnivores feeding on small arthropods but there are records from North America, Europe and Hawaii of P. isabellae feeding on roots of wheat and other agricultural crops. We provide here illustrations of species P. isabellae so that crop scientists in Australia are aware of the potential pest and can identify it. Sequence data indicate that the population may have originated from two sources.

Sex-Ratios and Related Characteristics in Spinifex sericeus (Poaceae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Maze ◽  
RDB Whalley
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New South ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Male Bias ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Males And Females

Spinifex sericeus R.Br. is a dioecious, stoloniferous grass which occurs on sand dunes around much of the south-eastern coastline of Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia. Sex ratios of ramets of S. sericeus and some associated characteristics were studied on the mid-north coast of New South Wales. Generally there was a male bias in the observed ramet sex ratio, although the extent of this bias varied with the beach investigated, the position in the dunes and the time of sampling. Male inflorescences matured and died more rapidly than females, and hence the observed male bias was greatest at the beginning of the flowering period. Male ramets were found to have more sexual tillers per clump than female ramets. The genet sex ratio was estimated from plants grown from seed and separated from each other throughout the experimental period. Males and females were found to be equal in number, although this equality may not be a true reflection of the genet sex ratio in the field.

Further Observations on the Distribution of Striped Tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis L., in Eastern Australian Waters, and its Relation to Surface Temperature

1952 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
JP Robins
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Katsuwonus Pelamis ◽  
Seasonal Movement ◽  
South Wales ◽  
North And South

The distribution of striped tuna in eastern Australian waters, as indicated by numbers of fish caught per line trolled, was investigated between August 1950 and August 1951. The temperature of the water was recorded every half hour while the vessel was cruising. The data obtained show that the distribution extended from at least as far north as Port Macquarie, New South Wales, to 40 miles south of Tasman Island, Tasmania — much further south than observed in previous years. Occurrence in abundance was seasonal in any specific area off the coast. Movement to the south from the mid north coast of New South Wales began in late spring; movement north from the east Tasmanian coast began in mid autumn. Striped tuna were taken in eastern Australian waters of temperature ranging between 14.7 and 20.8°C., but occurred most plentifully between temperatures of 16.0 and 18.0°C. They had a preference for water of specific temperatures in the areas in which they occur seasonally. Seasonal movement north and south showed a strcng correlation with seasonal changes in water temperatures. Commencement of movement northwards from the south appeared to be influenced by downward change in temperature, which brought about the lower limit of the critical temperature tolerated; this change was coincident with the onset of the seasonal westerly winds. Degree of southerly penetration is related to temperature, whose seasonal fluctuation could explain 'abnormal' years.

Interpreting patterns of population change in koalas from long-term datasets in Coffs Harbour on the north coast of New South Wales

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lunney ◽  
Martin Predavec ◽  
Indrie Miller ◽  
Ian Shannon ◽  
Mark Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Change ◽  
New South ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Common View ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales

We examined a long-term, repeat dataset for the koala population within Coffs Harbour Local Government Area. Analyses of these data have led to the conclusion that, following a perceived population decline in the 1980s, the koala population of Coffs Harbour has endured between 1990 and 2011 and showed no evidence of a precipitous decline during this period. Rather, the population change is best characterised as stable to slowly declining. This conclusion appears to contradict a common view of recent koala population declines on the north coast of New South Wales. There are four possible explanations for the population’s apparent stability: that conservation efforts and planning regulations have been effective; that surviving adults are persisting in existing home ranges in remnant habitat; that the broader Coffs Harbour population is operating as a ‘source and sink’ metapopulation; and/or that the standard survey methods employed are not sufficiently sensitive to detect small population changes. These findings do not mean there is no need for future conservation efforts aimed at koalas in Coffs Harbour; however, such efforts will need to better understand and account for a koala population that can be considered to be stable to slowly declining.

scholarly journals Notes on Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck in Great Britain

1957 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Hepper
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Mussel Population ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
South Wales ◽  
North And South ◽  
Distinguishing Features ◽  
Distorted Form

Mytilus galloprovincialis Lmk. is recorded as dominating the mussel population on the north coast of Devon and the north and south-west coasts of Cornwall from Instow to the Lizard. It was also found less frequently on the coast of South Wales from Angle to Cardiff and on the south coast of Cornwall from the Lizard to Plymouth.The chief distinguishing features of M. galloprovincialis from Cornwall are summarized, in comparison with M. edulis L.M. galloprovincialis is apparently intolerant of estuarine conditions, but otherwise appears to be ecologically similar to M. edulis.M. galloprovincialis is not resistant to infection by Mytilicola intestinalis, but appears to be less affected by the parasite than is Mytilus edulis.The synonymy of the species is briefly discussed and it is concluded that, although earlier workers tended to confuse M. ungulatus L. (recorded also as M. ungulata and M. angulata) with M. galloprovincialis Lmk., the two types are distinct. M. ungulatus is a name of doubtful validity applied by Linnaeus to a distorted form of M. edulis.

Residues in soil, pasture and grazing dairy cattle after the incorporation of dieldrin and heptachlor into soil before sowing

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (115) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
WS Gilbert ◽  
CE Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Tropical Legumes ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits

Soil, pasture and grazing dairy cattle with calves were monitored at two locations on the North Coast of New South Wales for insecticide residues from 1972-1 975, after soil incorporation of dieldrin and heptachlor at the recommended rate of 1.1 kg/ha before sowing to control pasture weevil pests. The soil and pasture types were: Wollongbar clay loam sown with tropical legumes and grass at Wollongbar (dieldrin), and black alluvial sown with temperate legumes and grass, at Duck Creek substation, near Ballina (dieldrin and heptachlor). After the treatments, persistent residues were found in soil and pasture, and grazing stock, although residues declined over the trial period. Stock residues in many cases exceeded the 0.15 and 0.2 �g/g maximum residue limits recommended by the National Health and Medical Research Council for the fat of milk and meat, and similar residues were found in additional cattle introduced after fifteen months. In view of the long-term risks for grazing stock, the pre-sowing soil treatment with dieldrin and heptachlor for the control of pasture pests is no longer recommended by the New South Wales Department of Agriculture.

Seed production and seedling emergence of Giant Parramatta grass on the north coast of New South Wales

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
TS Andrews ◽  
RDB Whalley ◽  
CE Jones
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Seed Fall ◽  
The Impact

Inputs and losses from Giant Parramatta grass [GPG, Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. var. major (Buse) Baaijens] soil seed banks were quantified on the North Coast of New South Wales. Monthly potential seed production and actual seed fall was estimated at Valla during 1991-92. Total potential production was >668 000 seeds/m2 for the season, while seed fall was >146000 seeds/m2. Seed fall >10000 seeds/m2.month was recorded from January until May, with further seed falls recorded in June and July. The impact of seed production on seed banks was assessed by estimating seed banks in the seed production quadrats before and after seed fall. Seed banks in 4 of the 6 sites decreased in year 2, although seed numbers at 1 damp site increased markedly. Defoliation from mid-December until February, April or June prevented seed production, reducing seed banks by 34% over 7 months. Seed banks in undefoliated plots increased by 3300 seeds/m2, although seed fall was estimated at >114 000 seeds/m2. Emergence of GPG seedlings from artificially established and naturally occurring, persistent seed banks was recorded for 3 years from bare and vegetated treatment plots. Sown seeds showed high levels of innate dormancy and only 4% of seeds emerged when sown immediately after collection. Longer storage of seeds after collection resulted in more seedlings emerging. Estimates of persistent seed banks ranged from 1650 to about 21260 seeds/m2. Most seedlings emerged in spring or autumn and this was correlated with rainfall but not with ambient temperatures. Rates of seed bank decline in both bare and vegetated treatment plots was estimated by fitting exponential decay curves to seed bank estimates. Assuming no further seed inputs, it was estimated that it would take about 3 and 5 years, respectively, for seed banks to decline to 150 seeds/m2 in bare and vegetated treatments.

scholarly journals Sexual dimorphism in the long-term stability (10 years) of skeletal Class III treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Tejedor ◽  
Conchita Martín ◽  
José Antonio Alarcón ◽  
María Dolores Oteo-Calatayud ◽  
Juan Carlos Palma-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Class Iii Treatment

Abstract Background Class III malocclusion is associated with high sexual dimorphism, especially in individuals older than 13 years of age, with significant differences in growth between males and females during the pubertal and postpubertal stages, and in adulthood. The aim of this research was to examine differences between males and females in long-term stability (10 years) of treatment for skeletal Class III malocclusion. Methods Thirty patients (15 males and 15 females) with skeletal Class III malocclusion, who had been treated with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) combined with face mask protraction followed by fixed appliances, were selected sequentially. Thirty patients (15 males and 15 females) with skeletal Class I and mesofacial patterns treated only with fixed appliances for dental problems served as the control group. Differences between groups and sexes were evaluated using lateral cephalograms taken at the start of treatment (T0), immediately after the end of treatment (T1), and after 10 years (T2). The long-term treatment success rate was calculated. Results Ten years after Class III treatment, overjet and overbite relapse occurred similarly in females (− 0.68 ± 0.7 mm; − 0.38 ± 0.75 mm, respectively) and males (− 1.09 ± 1.47 mm; − 0.64 ± 0.9 mm, respectively); the ANB angle and Wits appraisal became significantly more negative in males (− 1.37 ± 1.06°; − 2.7 ± 2.53 mm) than in females (− 0.18 ± 1.26°; − 0.46 ± 1.94 mm). The success rate was 73.3% in males and 80% in females. Conclusions Significant differences in the long-term stability of Class III treatment outcomes have been found between males and females, with a larger skeletal Class III relapse and lower long-term success rates in males.

Yields and nitrogen uptake of grain sorghum in various rotations, including lucerne, annual legume and long fallow

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
ICR Holford
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
First Year ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Establishment Method ◽  
Soil Evidence

Long-term yields, nitrogen uptake and responsiveness of grain sorghum following three lucerne rotations, an annual legume rotation, long fallowing, and continuous wheat growing were measured on a black earth and red clay in northern New South Wales. The three lucerne rotations compared two methods of lucerne establishment (with or without a cover crop) and two methods of grazing management (short or extended grazing).There were large beneficial effects of lucerne leys on the first grain sorghum crop, whether they were measured as grain yield, nitrogen content of the foliage and grain, or nitrogen uptake. The effect was much smaller in the second year but it increased in the third and fourth years, in direct relation to the rainfall during the sorghum flowering period. The effect was larger on the black earth than on the red clay, reflecting the much higher lucerne yields on the former soil. Evidence indicated that the nitrogen contribution from lucerne after the first year was no greater than the nitrogen accumulated by long fallowing, and this was attributed to very low rainfall and lucerne yields during the four year ley period.The annual legume rotation suffered from drought and insect damage in most years, and following sorghum yields tended to be lower than those achieved by long fallowing.Differences in the effects of establishment method and grazing management on total lucerne yields were reflected in the differences in subsequent grain sorghum yields. Largest differences were on the black earth where extended grazing lowered the total yields of lucerne and subsequent grain sorghum. Sowing lucerne under wheat had little effect on total yields of lucerne or sorghum.

scholarly journals Recent Trends in Youth Concussions: A Brief Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272098505
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Askow ◽  
Jacob L. Erickson ◽  
Andrew R. Jagim
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Medical Issues ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Large Health Care System

Objectives Concussions and mild traumatic brain injuries are important medical issues, particularly among youth as the long-term health consequences of these injuries can become increasingly problematic. The purpose of this study was to examine recent trends in diagnosed concussions among pediatric patients in a large health care system. Methods This was a retrospective, population-based epidemiology study design that queried all patient files (pediatrics included) using electronic medical health records and further stratified patients based on type of concussion, age, sex, and year from 2013 to 2018. Results Electronic health records from a cohort of 8 832 419 (nmales = 4 246 492; nfemales = 4 585 931) patient visits were assessed for concussion diagnosis and filtered for those whose concussive event led to a loss of consciousness (LOC) or not (nLOC). Of these patients, 12 068 were diagnosed with a concussion (LOC = 3 699; nLOC = 8 369) with an overall incidence rate of 1.37 concussions per 1000 patients. Overall, the number of patients diagnosed with a concussion increased by 5063 (LOC = 1351; nLOC = 3712) from 2013 to 2018. Males and females presented with similar rates of concussions 5919 (49.05%) and 6149 concussions (50.95%), respectively. Of total diagnosed concussions, 4972 (LOC = 815; nLOC = 4157) were under the age of 18 and represented 41.2% of all diagnosed concussions with an incidence rate of 6.79 per 1000 patients. Conclusion The number of concussions diagnosed appear to be on the rise with the largest number of concussions being diagnosed in those under the age of 18. Future studies should seek to determine primary causality and the long-term health implications of concussions with or without LOC.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document