scholarly journals Recent Trends in Youth Concussions: A Brief Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272098505
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Askow ◽  
Jacob L. Erickson ◽  
Andrew R. Jagim
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Medical Issues ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Large Health Care System

Objectives Concussions and mild traumatic brain injuries are important medical issues, particularly among youth as the long-term health consequences of these injuries can become increasingly problematic. The purpose of this study was to examine recent trends in diagnosed concussions among pediatric patients in a large health care system. Methods This was a retrospective, population-based epidemiology study design that queried all patient files (pediatrics included) using electronic medical health records and further stratified patients based on type of concussion, age, sex, and year from 2013 to 2018. Results Electronic health records from a cohort of 8 832 419 (nmales = 4 246 492; nfemales = 4 585 931) patient visits were assessed for concussion diagnosis and filtered for those whose concussive event led to a loss of consciousness (LOC) or not (nLOC). Of these patients, 12 068 were diagnosed with a concussion (LOC = 3 699; nLOC = 8 369) with an overall incidence rate of 1.37 concussions per 1000 patients. Overall, the number of patients diagnosed with a concussion increased by 5063 (LOC = 1351; nLOC = 3712) from 2013 to 2018. Males and females presented with similar rates of concussions 5919 (49.05%) and 6149 concussions (50.95%), respectively. Of total diagnosed concussions, 4972 (LOC = 815; nLOC = 4157) were under the age of 18 and represented 41.2% of all diagnosed concussions with an incidence rate of 6.79 per 1000 patients. Conclusion The number of concussions diagnosed appear to be on the rise with the largest number of concussions being diagnosed in those under the age of 18. Future studies should seek to determine primary causality and the long-term health implications of concussions with or without LOC.

Trends of Dementia among Community-Dwelling Adults in Ontario, Canada, 2010–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-294
Author(s):  
Kayla Rachelle Vanderkruk ◽  
Maria Eberg ◽  
Tannaz Mahootchi ◽  
Ali Vahit Esensoy ◽  
Dallas Peter Seitz
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Administrative Health Data ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Number Of Individuals

<b><i>Background:</i></b> There are increasing numbers of people living with dementia (PLWD) and most reside in community settings. Characterizing the number of individuals affected with dementia and their transitions are important to understand in order to plan for their healthcare needs. Using administrative health data in Ontario, Canada, we examined recent trends in the prevalence and incidence of dementia among the community-dwelling population, described their characteristics, and investigated admissions to long-term care (LTC) and overall survival. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using a validated case ascertainment algorithm, we performed a population-based retrospective cohort study of community-dwelling PLWD aged 40–105 years old between 2010 and 2015. We assessed crude and age- and sex-adjusted prevalence and incidence, cohort characteristics, and time to LTC admission and survival. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Between 2010 and 2015, the adjusted community prevalence increased by 9.5% (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), while the incidence decreased by 15.8% (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics remained similar over time, while the prevalence of comorbidities increased significantly from 2010 to 2015. There was no difference in the time to LTC admission for individuals diagnosed in 2014 when compared to 2010 (<i>p</i> = 0.06). A lower risk of 2-year mortality was observed for individuals diagnosed in 2015 compared to 2010 (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90–0.97, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> There was an increase in the prevalence of dementia despite decreasing incidence among community-dwelling PLWD. Lower rates of mortality indicate that PLWD are surviving longer following diagnosis. Adequate resources and planning are required to support this growing population, considering the changing population size and characteristics.

Long-term pain relief following percutaneous steroid treatment of spinal synovial cysts: a population-based cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 874-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Fletcher-Sandersjöö ◽  
Erik Edström ◽  
Åsa Kuntze Söderqvist ◽  
Per Grane ◽  
Adrian Elmi-Terander
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Steroid Treatment ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Facet Joint Degeneration ◽  
Synovial Cysts ◽  
Cyst Rupture

BackgroundSpinal synovial cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop after facet joint degeneration and can give rise to radicular pain. If resistant to conservative management, surgical decompression or percutaneous steroid treatment is usually recommended. Percutaneous treatment minimizes the risk of spinal instability, but it has been uncertain whether it provides any long-term symptom relief. Moreover, it is unclear whether cyst rupture provides any added benefit.ObjectiveTo assess long-term pain relief in patients with spinal synovial cysts who were treated with percutaneous intra-articular steroid treatment without cyst rupture.MethodsA population-based cohort-study was conducted of all patients with symptomatic synovial cysts who were treated with percutaneous intra-articular steroid treatment without cyst rupture between 1995 and 2014.ResultsThirty-eight patients were included. All patients had variations of lower back and radicular pain. Intra-articular access was achieved in 35 (92%) patients, and there were no treatment-related complications. At short-term assessment, 30 (79%) had pain relief. During the median follow-up of 11 years, 12 (32%) patients showed sustained pain relief without the need for decompressive surgery.ConclusionsPercutaneous intra-articular steroid treatment without cyst rupture is a safe treatment for symptomatic spinal synovial cysts and eliminates the need for surgery in a substantial number of patients. It can be suggested as a first line of treatment.

scholarly journals Decreasing trends in cholangiocarcinoma incidence and relative survival in Khon Kaen, Thailand: An updated, inclusive, population-based cancer registry analysis for 1989–2018

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246490
Author(s):  
Supot Kamsa-ard ◽  
Chalongpon Santong ◽  
Siriporn Kamsa-ard ◽  
Vor Luvira ◽  
Varisara Luvira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Khon Kaen ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Rate Ratios

Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a leading cause of cancer death in northeastern Thailand. We reported on the incidence of CCA using only one method. In the current study, we used three different statistical methods to forecast future trends and estimate relative survival. Methods We reviewed the CCA cases diagnosed between 1989 and 2018 recorded in the population-based Khon Kaen Cancer Registry (KKCR). Annual percent change (APC) was calculated to quantify the incidence rate trends using Joinpoint regression. Age-period-cohort models (APC model) were used to examine the temporal trends of CCA by age, calendar year, and birth cohort. We projected the incidence of CCA up to 2028 using three independent approaches: the Joinpoint, Age-period-cohort, and Nordpred models. Survival assessments were based on relative survival (RS). Results The respective APC in males and females decreased significantly (-3.1%; 95%CI: -4.0 to -2.1 and -2.4%; 95%CI: -3.6 to -1.2). The APC model—AC-P for male CCA—decreased according to a birth-cohort. The CCA incidence for males born in 1998 was 0.09 times higher than for those born in 1966 (Incidence rate ratios, IRR = 0.09; 95%CI: 0.07 to 0.12). The relative incidence for female CCA similarly decreased according to a birth-cohort (IRR = 0.11; 95%CI: 0.07 to 0.17). The respective projection for the age-standardized rate for males and females for 2028 will be 7.6 per 100,000 (102 patients) and 3.6 per 100,000 (140 patients). The five-year RS for CCA was 10.9% (95%CI: 10.3 to 11.6). Conclusion The incidence rate of CCA has decreased. The projection for 2028 is that the incidence will continue to decline. Nevertheless, the survival of patients with CCA remains poor.

scholarly journals Trimetazidine Use and the Risk of Parkinsonism: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7256
Author(s):  
Seungyeon Kim ◽  
Yun Mi Yu ◽  
Jeongyoon Kwon ◽  
Kyeong Hye Jeong ◽  
Jeong Sang Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Population Based ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Insurance Claims Data ◽  
Health Insurance Claims Data ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

An association between trimetazidine (TMZ), an anti-anginal drug, and parkinsonism has been reported in a number of studies. However, evidence from studies with long-term follow-up and better validity is lacking. We investigated the risk of TMZ-associated parkinsonism, specifically the incidence rate, cumulative dose–response relationship, and combined effects with other parkinsonism-inducing medications. This propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study was conducted using 14-year health insurance claims data in South Korea. The risk of parkinsonism was evaluated using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, adjusted for comorbidities and concurrent medications. A total of 9712 TMZ users and 29,116 matched non-TMZ users were included. TMZ users had a significantly higher incidence rate of parkinsonism than non-TMZ users (9.34 vs. 6.71 per 1000 person-years; p < 0.0001). TMZ use significantly increased the risk of parkinsonism (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.38; 95% confidence interval = 1.26–1.51). Increased risks were observed with accumulated doses of TMZ, as well as concurrent use of other parkinsonism-inducing medications. The findings indicate that TMZ use significantly increases the risk of parkinsonism in the South Korean population. Closer monitoring should be considered for TMZ users, especially for those who are older, using TMZ at high cumulative doses and other parkinsonism-inducing medications.

scholarly journals Age specific incidence of five major cancers in Nepal, 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Kanta Poudel ◽  
Zhibi Huang ◽  
Prakash Raj Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Age Group ◽  
National Cancer Registry ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Males And Females

Background: Population based cancer registry is inevitable to measure the indicators of cancer. This retrospective study was conducted to perform the age specific incidence and age standardized rate of cancer by sex, age and sites in Nepal, 2012. Materials and Methods: The data collected by hospital based National cancer registry programme of Nepal were used to calculate the age specific incidence of five major cancers by sex and sites. The age standardized rate of ten major cancers, both in males and females of 2012 was also performed.Results: The 70-74 years age group had the highest incidence rate (188.08) for men while for women the age group of 65-69 years had the highest incidence (140.61) per 100,000. For male, lung cancer had the highest incidence rate (4.45) whereas bladder had the lowest rate (0.98). Similarly for female, Cervix Uteri cancer had the highest incidence rate (5.35) whereas stomach had the lowest (1.06).Conclusion: This study presented that cancer was increased with age both in males and females. The leading cancer in males was bronchus and lung while in females it was cervix uteri.

scholarly journals Incidence, prevalence and treatment burden of polymyalgia rheumatica in the UK over two decades: a population-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 1750-1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard James Partington ◽  
Sara Muller ◽  
Toby Helliwell ◽  
Christian D Mallen ◽  
Alyshah Abdul Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Polymyalgia Rheumatica ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Practice Research Datalink ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Number Of Patients

ObjectivePolymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease in older people. Contemporary estimates of the incidence and prevalence are lacking, and no previous study has assessed treatment patterns at a population level. This study aims to address this.MethodsWe extracted anonymised electronic medical records of patients over the age of 40 years from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink in the period 1990–2016. The absolute rate of PMR per 100 000 person-years was calculated and stratified by age, gender and calendar year. Incidence rate ratios were calculated using a Poisson regression model. Among persons with PMR, continuous and total duration of treatment with glucocorticoids (GC) were assessed.Results5 364 005 patients were included who contributed 44 million person-years of follow-up. 42 125 people had an incident diagnosis of PMR during the period. The overall incidence rate of PMR was 95.9 per 100 000 (95% CI 94.9 to 96.8). The incidence of PMR was highest in women, older age groups and those living in the South of England. Incidence appears stable over time. The prevalence of PMR in 2015 was 0.85 %. The median (IQR) continuous GC treatment duration was 15.8 (7.9–31.2) months. However, around 25% of patients received more than 4 years in total of GC therapy.ConclusionsThe incidence rates of PMR have stabilised. This is the first population-based study to confirm that a significant number of patients with PMR receive prolonged treatment with GC, which can carry significant risks. The early identification of these patients should be a priority in future research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document