Seedling Development in Peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. II. Effects of Plant Growth Regulators and Their Possible Role

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
RP Zigas ◽  
BG Coombe
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Gibberellin Activity

Treatment of peach embryos from partially stratified seeds with abscisic acid (ABA) inhibited germination and promoted the production of leaf lesions, responses which are typical of testa presence. A period of water stress during germination also promoted lesion production. Neither testas nor ABA stimulated lesions on seedlings from 25°C-stratified seed, but mixtures of ABA and GA*3 were synergistic in promoting lesions; at the same time ABA and GA3 had opposite effects on germination and stem elongation, and mixtures had intermediate effects. Evidence was obtained for effects attributable to a balance between GA and ABA. Other inhibitors and promotors had no effect on lesions. The results from excision and substitution experiments permit an explanation of the effects of stratification in terms of three events: (a) a decrease in inhibitor activity in the testa; (b) an increase in gibberellin activity in the epicotyl; and (c) diffusion of inhibitor to the epicotyl via the radicle when the seed is returned to warm conditions.

scholarly journals Plant growth regulators in prunus persica. I. Isolation of gibberellins A5, A32, A32 acetonide and (+)-abscisic acid from Prunus persica.

1975 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2399-2403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isomaro YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Takao YOKOTA ◽  
Noboru MUROFUSHI ◽  
Nobutaka TAKAHASHI ◽  
Yukiyoshi OGAWA
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Prunus Persica

scholarly journals Paclobutrazol as a plant growth regulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bizuayehu Desta ◽  
Getachew Amare
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Systemic Fungicide

AbstractPlant growth regulators are chemical substances which govern all the factors of development and growth within plants. The application of plant growth regulators to crops modifies hormonal balance and growth leading to increased yield, enhanced crop tolerance against abiotic stress and improved physiological trait of crops. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) [(2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)- 4, 4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1, 2, 4-trizol-1-yl)-pentan-3-ol], is one of the members of triazole family having growth regulating property. The growth regulating properties of PBZ are mediated by changes in the levels of important plant hormones including the gibberellins (GAs), abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinins (CK). PBZ affects the isoprenoid pathway, and alters the levels of plant hormones by inhibiting gibberellin synthesis and increasing cytokinins level and consequent reduction in stem elongation. When gibberellins synthesis is inhibited, more precursors in the terpenoid pathway accumulate and that resulted in the production of abscisic acid. PBZ is more effective when applied to the growing media and application on the growing medium would give longer absorption time and more absorption of active ingredient than foliar spray. The application of PBZ to crops is important in reducing plant height to prevent lodging and in increasing number and weight of fruits per tree, in improving the fruit quality in terms of increases in carbohydrates, TSS, TSS/TA and decreases acidity. It further reduces evapo-transpiration and decreases plant moisture stress by enhancing the relative water content of leaf area and develops resistance in the plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, it acts as highly active systemic fungicide and used against several economically important fungal diseases. In this review, the current knowledge and possible applications of PBZ, which can be used to improve the growth, yield and quality of crops, have been reviewed and discussed. The role of PBZ to mitigate the harmful effects of environmental stresses in crops is also examined. Moreover, various biochemical and physiological processes leading to improved crop production under the effect of PBZ are discoursed in detail.

scholarly journals Sweet pepper seed responses to inoculation with microorganisms and coating with micronutrients, aminoacids and plant growth regulators

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kênia Almeida Diniz ◽  
Paulo de Albuquerque Silva ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
José Renato Emiliorelli Evangelista
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms

Small sized seeds, such as the horticultural species, have limited quantities of reserves that can be balanced by coating then with essential nutrients for their initial development. In addition, inoculation of the seeds with microorganisms may protect the plants against phytopathogens, thus enhancing their growth. The present work had the objective of evaluate the physiological quality and seedling development of sweet pepper seeds and seedlings coated with several kind of films. Seeds were first coated with polymers and then with antagonistic microorganisms (Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma polysporhum, Trichoderma stromaticum, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae), mycorrhizas, aminoacids, micronutrients and plant growth regulators. Evaluation was performed for percentage of germination and for seedling emergence, speed of emergence index, number of plants, dry mass of the aerial and root parts and height of the seedlings. Inoculation with Trichoderma viride increased the percentage and rate of the seedlings emergence Inoculation with Trichoderma viride, Metarhizium anisopliae and mycorrhizas promote better seedling development; seed microbiolization with microorganisms Trichoderma viride, T. polysporhum, T. stromaticum, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae. Mycorrhizas mixture negatively affected seeds and seedling quality. Seed covering with plant growht regulator, at a 5 mL kg-1 dose increased the roots dry matter.

scholarly journals Plant growth regulators to manipulate oat stands

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. RAJALA
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Division Cell

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are exogenously applied chemicals that alter plant metabolism, cell division, cell enlargement, growth and development by regulating plant hormones or other biological signals. For example, some PGRs regulate stem elongation by inhibiting biosynthesis of gibberellins or through releasing ethylene. PGR effects are widely studied and reported on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), whereas there are only a few reports addressing oat (Avena sativa L.). This is likely to be a result of smaller acreage and lower intensity of oat management and production and hence a reduced need for stem shortening by PGRs. However, this is not the case for all cereal producing regions and there exists a need to understand the potential application of PGRs to oat production. This paper represents a review of the potential of PGRs to regulate stem elongation and other biological traits governing plant stand structure and yield components, with special emphasis on oat and its responses to PGRs. Yield improvement requires more heads per unit land area, more grains per head or heavier grains. Of these yield-determining parameters, the number of head bearing tillers and grain numbers per head, compared with grain weight, are more likely to be improved by PGR application. In the absence of lodging, PGR may reduce grain yield due to potential reduction in mean grain weight and/or grain number. Cultivation systems aiming at extensive yields with intensive use of inputs likely benefit from PGR applications more often compared with low or moderate input cultivation, for which cost effectiveness of PGRs is not frequently reached.;

Some Effects of Plant Growth-Regulators on Seed Germination and Seedling Development

1946 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Allard ◽  
H. Robert DeRose ◽  
C. P. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Seedling Development

scholarly journals Plant growth regulators to enhance fruit color of 'Gala' apples

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1118-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Fontanella Brighenti ◽  
Douglas André Würz ◽  
Mateus da Silveira Pasa ◽  
Leo Rufato
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Red Color

Abstract: The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators for enhancing fruit color of 'Gala Standard' apples (Malus domestica). The experiment was carried out in the 2015 and 2016 crop seasons. The treatments consisted of water, as a control; 300 mg L-1 ethephon, as a positive control; 400 mg L-1 prohydrojasmonate; and 400 mg L-1 abscisic acid. Flesh firmness, soluble solids content, fruit weight, and red color were assessed after harvest. Plant growth regulators enhanced red color of fruit and chlorophyll degradation. Prohydrojasmonate and abscisic acid did not reduce flesh firmness, in the 2016 season.

The flush development of evergreen recurrent flushing perennials: an experimental overview with insights into the flowering of olive

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Trevor Olesen ◽  
Michelle Wirthensohn
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Shoot Development ◽  
New Work ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Stimulation Of

Recurrent flushing perennials are those that grow by episodic waves of shoot extension under conditions continuously favourable for growth. Here we review the habit for evergreen perennials. The commencement of a new flush appears to depend on the stimulation of buds by plant growth regulators. The determination of a new flush as vegetative or floral most likely occurs during early shoot development. Cool temperatures are usually florally inductive, but other factors such as periods of water stress before flush commencement, and low crop loads may also enhance induction. There is little evidence for the control of the final size of vegetative shoots, and even less for the size of floral shoots. The time between successive flushes is cyclic and temperature dependent. New work with olive is presented and shows that pruning increases the proportions of vegetative shoots to develop from comparable nodes of pruned and non-pruned branches. It also shows that immature vegetative flushes on olive branches in winter inhibit flowering to some extent, a result previously shown for other evergreen recurrent flushing trees.

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