scholarly journals 441 EFFECTS OF BYPASS LIPID SUPPLEMENTATION IN THE TRANSITION PERIOD ON REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS IN DAIRY GOATS AFTER PARTURITION

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
C. Carneiro ◽  
J. M. G. Souza ◽  
C. A. A. Torres ◽  
W. J. Silva ◽  
R. Denadai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Lipid Supplementation

The use of lipids for nutrition supplementation during reproduction phases is called flushing and directly influences body weight and body condition score, which could alter ovulation and fertility rate. Studies have reported the effects of its use for dairy cattle, but for goats this kind of information is incipient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of bypass lipid enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids (Megalac® Arm and Hammer, Church & Dwight Company, Princeton, NJ, USA) in the transition period (i.e. 3 weeks before and after parturition) on the return of ovarian activity. This study was conducted from March to May 2009, in Piau/MG (21°35′S latitude and43°15′W longitude), Brazil. Nineteen Toggenburg (n = 16) and Saanen (n = 3) goats were equally assigned according to breed, body weight, and condition score into 4 treatments: animals received 2% dry matter of fat supplementation 21 days before and after parturition (T1), only before parturition (T2), or only after parturition (T3); the control group received no supplemental fat (T4). Goats were fed a complete mixture of napier grass and corn silage in a 50:50 forage/concentration ratio 4 times daily. Transrectal ultrasonography (5-MHz transducer; Aloka SSD 500®, Tokyo, Japan) was performed daily from 10 days after parturition until detection of ovulation. Estrous onset and its duration were detected daily with a fertile buck. Statistical analysis were performed using all tests at the 95% confidence interval with a SAEG® program (Funarbe, Viçosa, Brazil). The results are presented as mean ± SD. The interval (days) from parturition to first estrus was 20.5 ± 2.2 (T1), 30.0 ± 17.4 (T2), 20.2 ± 2.1 (T3), and 19.0 ± 2.5 (T4), and to first ovulation was 26.3 ± 4.0 (T1), 22.4 ± 3.3 (T2), 24.4 ± 1.1 (T3), and 24.2 ± 3.6 (T4) (P > 0.05). The diameter of ovulatory follicles (mm) was similar (P > 0.05) for T1 (7.21 ± 0.30), T2 (6.86 ± 0.31),T3 (6.66 ± 0.27), and T4 (7.32 ± 0.64). The number of ovulations was also not different (P > 0.05) for T1 (1.5 ± 0.3),T2 (1.2 ± 0.2), T3 (1.4 ± 0.2), and T4 (1.0 ± 0.0). A negative correlation (r = -0.68; P < 0.005) was detected between body condition score at the parturition and the interval from parturition to the first estrus, as well as to the first ovulation (r = -0.48; P < 0.05). A positive correlation (r = 0.47; P < 0.05) was found between body weight on the day of ovulation and the number of ovulations. These data show the importance of body weight and condition score to reproductive performance after parturition. No significant differences were registered among all treatments on reproductive parameters for goats after this amount of lipid supplementation. There is a need for more studies to be done using different supplement concentrations in order to achieve better reproductive performances after parturition. Financial support: Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Fapemig, CNPq.

Effect of α-tocopherol acetate and zinc supplementation on body condition, energy metabolites and milk production in Karan Fries cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar Maurya ◽  
Anjali Aggarwal ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
B. K. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Karan Fries

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of α-tocopherol acetate and zinc on body condition, energy metabolites and milk production in Karan Fries cows. Sixteen pregnant Karan Fries cows were selected two months before expected date of calving. The experimental animals were randomly divided in to two groups namely control group (eight cows) and treatment group (eight cows). Treatment group cows were supplemented with α-tocopherol acetate @ 1000 IU/day/cow and zinc @ 60 ppm/day/cow. Blood samples were collected on the days -60, -45, -30, -15, -7, 0, +7, +15, +30, +45 and +60 with respect to expected date of calving. The body weight and body condition score of all the experimental animals was recorded on the day of blood collection. After calving milk yield of the experimental animals was recorded till 60 days in milk. At parturition, body weight and body condition score differ significantly (P<0.001) in treatment group than control group (448.00 vs. 416.33 Kg and 4.42 vs. 4.17, respectively). The overall mean (±SEM) of plasma glucose was found to be significantly (P<0.001) higher in treatment group as compared to control group (62.39±1.23 vs. 57.44±1.59 mg/dl). The overall mean of non-esterified fatty acids was found to be significantly (P<0.001) lower in treatment group as compared to control group (197.10±3.38 vs. 239.21±3.48 μM/L). The overall mean of milk yield was found significantly (P<0.001) higher in treatment group as compared to control group (20.48±1.16 vs. 16.94±1.38 Kg/day i.e. 20.90%). The results of this study indicated that supplementation of antioxidants like α-tocopherol acetate and zinc have beneficial effects on milk production along with improved body condition and metabolic status of the animals.

scholarly journals COMPARISONS OF SOME REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS IN RED SOKOTO AND KANO BROWN BREEDS OF BUCKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
I. S. BUTSWAT ◽  
D. T. ZAHARADDEEN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Some reproductive parameters of one-year-old 20 of each Red Sokoto and Kano Brown bucks were investigated. For the Red Sokoto and Kano Brown breeds of bucks, the mean (±S.E.) body weight, body condition score, scrotal circumference, testes weight, testes volume, epididymal length, epididymal volume, epididymal weight, testes sperm and epididymal sperm were 13.84± 0.54 vs 11.69 ± 0.35kg, 2.15±0.08 vs 2.10± 0.07, 19.83± 0.36 vs 18.27± 0.49cm, 36.41± 1.89 vs 29.70±1.98g, 35.63± 1.87 vs 29.48± 1.9ml, 10.67±0.20 vs 9.66± 0.25cm, 6.16± 0.23 vs 5.44±0.31ml 6.46± 0.24 vs 5.53± 0.34g, 0.24± 0.02 vs 0.16± 0.01 x 109 and 2.47± 0.16 vs 1.59± 0.16 x 109 respectively, and were significantly different between the breeds. The percentage epididymal segments mass and sperm were also depicted. There were highly significant correlations between many of the reproductive parameters in both breeds. The Red Sokoto bucks seem more adapted than the Kano Brown in terms of their reproductive make-up.

scholarly journals Effects of Two Commercial Diets on Several Reproductive Parameters in Bitches: Note Two—Lactation and Puppies’ Performance

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Serena Calabrò ◽  
Alessandro Vastolo ◽  
Nadia Musco ◽  
Pietro Lombardi ◽  
Alessandro Troisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Condition Score

The study aimed to compare two diets, Control (CTR) and Experimental (EX) (mainly differing as regards their ingredients, energy, and protein contents) administered to medium and large-sized bitches from two months before the expected proestrus and up to 30 days after delivery on mothers’ weight, body condition score, litter size, milk quality, and puppies’ growth. No differences were found for body weight during pregnancy, even if the BCS after delivery was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in the EX group than in the CTR one. Concerning the size effect, the percentage of weight gain on the initial body weight was double in medium-sized dogs compared to large dogs (p < 0.01). The number of puppies per litter was significantly higher (p < 0.05) for the EX group compared to the CTR one. Concerning puppies’ weight, the CTR group showed a significantly (p < 0.01) higher body weight from the 21st day of life due to the significant (p < 0.01) higher daily weight gain during the suckling period. Considering the performance of bitches and puppies, both diets seem useful for these stages of their lives. In fact, after 30 days of lactation, all tested bitches showed a healthy status and both the percentage of newborns mortality and puppies’ growth kinetics fell into the normal physiological range for the species.

scholarly journals Impact of prepartum body condition score loss on metabolic status during the transition period and subsequent fertility in Brown Swiss dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-382
Author(s):  
Hatice Esra Çolakoğlu ◽  
Murat Onur Yazlık ◽  
Mert Pekcan ◽  
Ufuk Kaya ◽  
Cihan Kaçar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reproductive Outcomes ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Subsequent Fertility ◽  
Condition Score

Abstract Introduction The objectives of this study were to determine the role of a fall in pre-calving body condition score (BCS) in postpartum metabolic status and reproductive outcomes, and gauge the indicativeness of blood metabolites during the transition period. Material and Methods Cows were grouped based on BCS loss between days −14 ±3 and 0 relative to calving. Cows that lost no BCS were the BCS control group (BCS-C), cows that lost 0.25 BCS points the low BCS loss group (BCS-L), and those that lost 0.5 points or more the high BCS loss (BCS-H) group. Blood was taken on days −14 ±3, 3, 14, and 30 ±4 for determination of comprehensive metabolic panel biomarker levels. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) levels were quantified on postpartum examination days. Vaginal discharge scores, ovarian activity on day 30 ±4, and subsequent fertility parameters were evaluated. Results The BCS-H cows had lower mean Ca concentrations before calving and on day 3, when the group’s BHBA and CK were higher (P < 0.05); on day 14 they had higher AST concentrations (P < 0.05). The BCS-L cows had greater bilirubin levels (P < 0.05). The BCS-H cows had lower cyclicity and higher endometritis rates. First service pregnancy rates were 50%, 50%, and 61.9%, open days 96.8, 95.75, and 89.2, and overall pregnancy rates 56.25%, 65%, and 80.95 % in the BCS-H, BCS-L, and BCS-C groups, respectively. Conclusion Prepartum BCS loss of ≥ 0.5 points could be associated with Brown Swiss cow low Ca and BHBA concentrations early postpartum, and with subsequent uterine health and overall pregnancy rate. Prepartum Ca concentration might be a prognostic biomarker for postpartum metabolic status and reproductive outcomes.

Effect of Restricted Suckling on Body Weight, Body Condition Score and Onset of Postpartum Ovarian Activity in F1 Cows under Tropical Conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Escobedo-A ◽  
M.G.J. Nuncio-Och ◽  
J. Herrera-Ca ◽  
B. Gomez-Ramo ◽  
J.C. Segura-Cor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Condition Score

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SHEARING DURING PREGNANCY ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN THE POST-PARTUM PERIOD OF EWES ON EXTENSIVE HUSBANDRY

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224
Author(s):  
Viviane Marques Guyoti ◽  
Mariana de Souza Farias ◽  
Magnus Larruscaim Dalmolin ◽  
César Henrique Poli ◽  
Verônica Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate

The use of shearing during pregnancy has been described as a tool for improving productivity in sheep and for minimizing perinatal mortality in lambs through the increase of fetal development. This study assessed the effect of shearing around 74 days of gestation on the productive performance of ewes and lambs during the first month of life. Forty Corriedale ewes were inseminated in autumn in Southern Brazil. All ewes were kept together at the same pasture under extensive husbandry conditions. The ewes were randomly separated into two treatment groups: twenty animals were completely sheared at 74 ± 6 days of pregnancy, and twenty were kept without sheared during pregnancy, composing the control group. Ewes and their lambs were evaluated at three different times during the experiment: at birth, between 15 and 21 days post-partum and between 22 and 45 days post-partum. Ewes had their body condition score, body weight, placental weight, milk production and serum concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate measured, while lambs had hematocrit, hemoglobin, and plasma lactate and glucose, as well as body weight at birth and until wean determined. Values of hematocrit and hemoglobin were lower and body weight at birth and at wean was higher in the group of lambs born from sheared ewes. Placenta weight was higher in sheared ewes. Body condition score and beta-hydroxybutyrate showed no differences between groups. Milk production of sheared ewes (1.26 L/day) was higher than in control group (0.93 L/day). Shearing ewes at 74 days of pregnancy was efficient for the better development of lambs at post-birth, reducing perinatal mortality rates.

scholarly journals Relationship between body condition score, blood metabolites and oxidative stress in transition period and reproductive performance of dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 2041
Author(s):  
H. E. ÇOLAKOĞLU ◽  
M. O. YAZLIK ◽  
U. KAYA ◽  
S. KURT ◽  
R. BAYRAMOĞLU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Condition Score

The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between prepartum body condition score (BCS), blood metabolites (Glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate; BHB), oxidative stress (Malondialdehyde; MDA, Glutathione peroxidase; GSH-Px) in transition period and some reproductive parameters in Holstein dairy cows. Fifty cows were divided into two groups [low-BCS = 2.75-3.0 (n=25); adequate-BCS = 3.25-3.75 (n=25)] according to BCS on the 21st day before expected calving. BCS was also recorded at 0 and +21 days after calving. Blood samples collected at -21, 0 and +21 days from calving for MDA and GSH-Px analysis as well as at -21, +14 and +21 days of postpartum for glucose and BHB. Data on reproductive parameters obtained from farm records were also collected. MDA concentrations were higher in group of low-BCS compared to group of adequate-BCS at -21 and 0 d related to calving (p<0.05). GSH-Px activity was lower in group of low-BCS than adequate one during the transition period (p<0.05). Low-BCS group also showed higher concentrations of BHB at +14 and +21 days after calving. During the transition period, low-BCS group had lower glucose concentrations compared to adequate one (p<0.05). Adequate-BCS group of cows showed shorter intervals of calving to first estrus (p<0.01) and calving to conception (p<0.01). In conclusion, cows with lower BCS at the prepartum period had worse metabolic and oxidative balance during the transition period. This situation also was associated with worse reproductive performance in cows.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Different Drenching Regimens of Gluconeogenic Precursors during Transition Period on Body Condition Score, Production, Reproductive Performance, Subclinical Ketosis and Economics of Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Nagwa I. El-Kasrawy ◽  
Ayman A. Swelum ◽  
Mervat A. Abdel-Latif ◽  
Abd El-Wahab A. Alsenosy ◽  
Noha A. Beder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subclinical Ketosis ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Feed Costs

A total of 108 Holstein cows were used to evaluate the effect of drenching propylene glycol (PG) either individually or in combination with glycerol (G) on body condition score (BCS), production, reproductive performance, protection against subclinical ketosis and economic benefit of dairy cows during the transition period. The six groups (n = 18/group) were; Control group, cows received no treatment; PG300, cows were drenched 300 mL PG for 7 days pre-expected day of calving and 21 days post-calving; PG400, cows were drenched 400 mL PG for 7 days pre-and 7 days post-calving; PG500, cows were drenched 500 mL PG for 10 days pre-and 10 days post-calving; GPG150, cows were drenched a mixture of 150 mL G and 150 mL PG for 21 days pre-and 21 days post-calving; GPG250, cows were drenched a mixture of 250 mL G and 250 mL PG for 21 days pre-and 21 days post-calving. BCS at 30 days in milk (DIM) was significantly higher in all treated groups in comparison to the control one and the best values were observed in GPG250, GPG150 and PG500 groups. Lactation length (LL) was significantly (p < 0.001) shorter in GPG250, GPG150 and PG500 groups than control group. There was a significant increment in 305 milk yield (p < 0.001) and average daily milk yield (p < 0.001) in GPG250 and PG500 groups than other groups except for PG300 with the lowest values for control and PG400. Cows in all treatment groups were observed in heat and conceived earlier as well as had shorter open days and calving interval durations (p < 0.001) and low number of services per conception (p = 0.004) compared to control group with better results for PG500 and GPG250 groups. BHB level and percentage of cows suffered from subclinical ketosis at 7 DIM was significantly lower in GPG250, GPG150 and PG500 groups than control group. Cows in treatment groups had a significantly higher glucose level (p = 0.006) compared to control group. Regarding to economics, the control group showed the highest feed costs, insemination costs and total costs per animal. Additionally, control and PG400 groups had the highest cost per kilogram of milk from total and feed costs compared to other cows. PG300, PG500 and GPG250 groups recorded a greater net return and income over feed cost (IOFC). In conclusion, the continuous drenching of propylene glycol either individually or in combination with glycerol regimens for long duration (PG300, PG500, GPG150, GPG250) during the transition period of dairy cows may reduce the incidence of subclinical ketosis and consequently improve milk production, reproduction and economics compared to drenching for short duration (PG400).

scholarly journals 21 DIFFERENT SUCKLING REGIMENS AND RETURN TO POSTPARTUM CYCLIC OVARIAN ACTIVITY IN SANTA INÊS EWES

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
N. G. Alves ◽  
I. J. Ascari ◽  
A. C. Alves ◽  
R. R. Lima ◽  
I. F. F. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Santa Inês

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different suckling regimens on body condition and interval from lambing to onset of the cyclic ovarian activity in Santa Inês ewes. Thirty-two ewes were allocated to blocks according to parity, number of lambs, and body weight and submitted to 3 treatments: continuous suckling (n = 11 ewes, 13 lambs), controlled suckling (n = 10 ewes, 14 lambs) with 2 suckling periods per day for 1 h from Day 10 postpartum (pp), or early weaning (n = 11 ewes, 14 lambs) with total separation of the lambs from Day 10 pp. The animals were evaluated in the interval from Day 12 pp to first estrus or to Day 60 pp. Dry matter intake was evaluated daily. The body weight of ewes and lambs and body condition score (scale 1 = thin and 5 = fat) of ewes were evaluated at lambing and at every 6 days after. Lambs were weighed at weaning. Estrus was monitored twice daily with a teaser ram. Blood samples for progesterone measurement were collected and ovarian ultrasonography was done at intervals of 3 days from Day 12 pp to first estrus or to Day 60 pp. Dry matter intake was analyzed over time, considering 9 periods, with PROC MIXED of SAS (2008; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Body weight, body condition score, interval from lambing to first ovulation, and weaning weight were analyzed using the GLM procedure, ANOVA, and an F-test. The intervals from lambing to first estrus and to follicles with a diameter ≥5 mm were analyzed considering a Poisson distribution and the percentage of estrus manifestation was analyzed considering a Bernoulli distribution, by generalized linear models, using PROC GENMOD. The dry matter intake did not differ (P > 0.05) among treatments (2.3 ± 0.1, 2.2 ± 0.0, and 1.6 ± 0.0 kg day–1), but it differed over time (P < 0.05). The body weight gain (3.3 ± 1.0, 3.0 ± 0.9, and 2.1 ± 1.4 kg), body condition score gain (0.2 ± 0.1, 0.2 ± 0.1, and 0.2 ± 0.1), percentage of estrus manifestation (63.6, 50.0, and 54.5%), interval from lambing to first estrus (45.0 ± 3.9, 44.0 ± 7.2, and 32.3 ± 5.4 days), follicle with a diameter ≥5 mm (31.0 ± 3.3, 33.9 ± 3.0, and 34.9 ± 4.5 days), and ovulation (38.0 ± 3.6, 35.6 ± 3.9, and 26.5 ± 3.2 days) did not differ among treatments (P > 0.05). The dry matter intake was correlated with body weight in ewes that were submitted to continuous suckling (r = 0.7; P < 0.01) and controlled suckling (r = 0.6; P < 0.01), but not in those submitted to early weaning (r = 0.2; P > 0.05). The body condition score was correlated with body weight in ewes submitted to continuous suckling (r = 0.8; P < 0.01), controlled suckling (r = 0.4; P < 0.01), and early weaning (r = 0.5; P < 0.01), and with dry matter intake in those submitted to continuous suckling (r = 0.4; P < 0.01). Weaning weight was lower (P < 0.05) in lambs subjected to early weaning (19.0 ± 1.0, 18.3 ± 1.0, and 15.2 ± 0.6 kg), but their health was not compromised. Continuous suckling did not delay the return to postpartum cyclic ovarian activity and did not influence the postpartum body condition of Santa Inês ewes and should be used by producers. The financial support of Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) is acknowledged.

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