240 EFFECTS OF REPEATED SUPEROVULATION ON EMBRYO YIELDS IN SOME TURKISH NATIVE GOAT BREEDS

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
M. Kaymaz ◽  
A. R. Agaoglu ◽  
K. Karakas ◽  
I. Pir Yagci ◽  
O. Korkmaz Agaoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
The Third ◽  
Friedman's Test ◽  
Negative Effect

The Angora, Kilis, Honamli, Hair, and Norduz are native goat breeds in Turkey and are currently in danger of extinction. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of the repeated administration of a superovulatory (SOV) protocol for in vivo embryo production in these breeds. A total of 14 Angora, 15 Kilis, 10 Honamli, 10 Hair, and 9 Norduz goats were used in this work. The synchronization procedure was started on Day 5 after visible oestrus by using controlled internal drug release dispensers (CIDR®) for 11 days. Administration of FSH (Folltropin®) began on Day 9 (twice daily) and continued for 3 days (total dose: 200 mg; 50 mg × 2.30 mg × 2.20 mg × 2). A dose of prostaglandin F2α (1.6 mg; Dalmazin®) was injected together with first FSH injection. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Receptal®: 100 µg) was injected 6 h before mating. All goats in oestrus were naturally mated twice a day for 3 days. Ovarian examination (number of corpora lutea) and embryo recovery were performed by laparotomy on Day 6 after CIDR® withdrawal. Each uterine horn was flushed, and the embryos were recovered and counted. To avoid intra-abdominal adhesions, a 2.5% heparin solution was used during flushing. The SOV procedure was repeated once per year during the breeding season (2009 to 2011). Fertilization and recovery rates were calculated. Differences in the SOV response and embryo yields were evaluated by Friedman’s test. In Hair goats, the number of corpora lutea decreased significantly (P < 0.05) during the third SOV cycle (12.7 ± 6.2, 14.0 ± 9.1, and 6.8 ± 5.6, respectively, for cycles 1, 2, and 3), whereas no effect of the cycle was observed in the remainder of breeds. The number of expanded blastocysts increased considerably during the third cycle in Angora (0, 0.2 ± 0.8, and 1.4 ± 2.9, respectively, for cycles 1, 2, and 3), Kilis (0.2 ± 0.4, 0.3 ± 1.3, and 4.2 ± 5.0), and Honamli (0, 1.3 ± 1.7, and 3.6 ± 4.5) goats, whereas a significant decrease was observed in Norduz goats (2.4 ± 5.0, 1.8 ± 2.0, and 0.1 ± 0.3; P < 0.05). The mean numbers of unfertilized oocytes were found to be significantly increased in Angora (0.4 ± 1.6, 0, and 2.1 ± 4.1, respectively, for cycles 1, 2, and 3), Kilis (0, 1.3 ± 3.9, and 3.1 ± 5.2), and Honamli (0, 4.9 ± 5.2, and 4.5 ± 7.8) goats (P < 0.05). As a result, fertilization rates (%) showed a decrease in Angora (50, 100, 24.5, respectively, for cycles 1, 2, and 3) and Honamli (100, 42.5, and 56.3) goats (P < 0.05), whereas recovery rates showed no difference among the different breeds. The methodology presented in this study was found to be an efficient technique for superovulation of the Angora, Kilis, and Honamli goats. Because Hair and Norduz are relatively small breeds, the dosage of FSH might have had a negative effect on the superovulation and embryo yield. Additionally, the use of intra-abdominal washing solutions for preventing adhesions as observed in previous works (data not shown) is believed to have a positive effect on achieving high levels of efficiency in in vivo embryo production.

122. PRODUCTION OF EMBRYOS IN SUPEROVULATED EWES USING FROZEN - THAWED, SEX-SORTED AND REFROZEN - THAWED SPERM

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
K. H. Beilby ◽  
Y. B. Kaurivi ◽  
W. M. C. Maxwell ◽  
G. Evans ◽  
S. P. De Graaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Flow Cytometric

Flow cytometric sex-sorting of sperm that has previously been cryopreserved allows sex-sorting technology to be applied more widely. While offspring have been produced following artificial insemination of synchronised ewes with frozen-thawed, sex-sorted and refrozen-thawed (FSF) sperm (1), the fertility of FSF-sperm in superovulated ewes has not been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cryopreservation prior to sperm sex-sorting and freezing on embryo production in superovulated ewes. Several ejaculates from 2 rams were either frozen-thawed, then sex-sorted and re-frozen (FSF X- and Y-chromosome enriched sperm), or immediately sex-sorted before freezing (SF X- and Y-chromosome enriched sperm). A portion of each ejaculate was also cryopreserved without sex-sorting (control). Thirty-one ewes were superovulated and inseminated (15 ×106 sperm per insemination dose) with either SF X, SF Y, FSF X, FSF Y or control sperm as previously described (2). Embryos were recovered 6 d after insemination and assessed. The superovulatory response (mean number of corpora lutea per ewe: 11.8 ± 1.3) and the embryo recovery rates (72.0 ± 5.9%) did not differ significantly among the groups. The fertilisation rates tended to differ (P=0.068) as a result of sperm treatment (control: 33%; SF: 54%; FSF: 18%) and were unaffected by sperm sex (X: 33%; Y: 37%). Of the embryos that were recovered, those derived from FSF-sperm were predominantly at the blastocyst stage (65%), whereas those derived from SF-sperm were evenly distributed among the blastocyst (30%), morula (38%) and arrested (32%) stages, suggesting that fertilisation lifespan of SF-sperm was greater than that of FSF-sperm. A greater proportion of embryos derived from Y-sperm were at the blastocyst stage compared with embryos derived from X-sperm (53% vs. 26%; P < 0.05). This study is the first to demonstrate that FSF-sperm is capable of fertilising oocytes of superovulated ewes. (1) de Graaf et al (2007) Theriogenology 67: 391–8.(2) de Graaf et al (2007) Theriogenology 67: 550–5.

141 SUPERIORITY OF FEMALE EMBRYO PRODUCTION SYSTEM BY IN VIVO-MATURED OOCYTE AND X-SORTED SPERM IN BROWN SWISS COWS

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
T. Yamanouchi ◽  
H. Matsuda ◽  
M. Ohtake ◽  
K. Masaki ◽  
E. Horiguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Female Embryo ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Matured Oocyte ◽  
Matured Groups

Embryo transfer using a female embryo is an effective tool for offspring production on dairy industry; however, embryo production by embryo recovery (ER) using X-sorted semen is not sufficient because non-fertilized oocytes are recovered frequently. In Holstein cows, we developed a system for high blastocyst production that was performed by IVF using X-sorted sperm and in vivo-matured oocytes obtained by ovum pickup (OPU) after superstimulation. The purpose of this study was to adjust this system to Brown Swiss cows, comparing between ER and embryo production from oocytes derived from OPU with or without superstimulation. In the ER group, cows (n = 10) received a CIDR (Day 0) and 2 mg of oestradiol-benzoate on Day 1. A total of 30 Armour Units of FSH were injected into cows twice a day, with decreasing doses from the evening of Day 5 to the morning of Day 9. On the evening of Day 7 or 8, 0.75 mg of prostaglandin F2α (cloprostenol) was injected. The CIDR was removed on Day 8 or 9 and 0.2 mg of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH; fertirelin acetate) were injected on Day 9 or 10. At oestrus, AI was carried out twice, 12 h apart, with a total of 4 straws of X-sorted semen per cow. In the OPU group, cows (n = 7) were subjected to OPU without any pretreatment, collected immature oocytes were in vivo matured for 20 to 22 h, followed by IVF using X-sorted sperm for 6 h; then, presumptive zygotes were in vitro cultured (IVC) for 9 days. In the in vivo-matured oocyte group (matured group), a CIDR was inserted (Day 0) in cows (n = 4), all follicles larger than 8 mm were removed on Day 5. Administration of FSH, prostaglandin F2α, and GnRH, as well as withdrawal of CIDR, were performed as in the ER group. In vivo-matured oocytes were collected from follicles larger than 5 mm by OPU at 25 to 26 h following GnRH injection; collected oocytes with expanded cumulus cells were fertilized with X-sorted sperm 30 h after GnRH. After 6 h of IVF, presumptive zygotes were transferred to in vitro culture, as in the OPU group. Data were compared among 3 groups; the ER group was analysed for number of CL, collected embryos, and normal embryos, against the number of aspirated follicles, collected oocytes used for IVF, and formed blastocysts in the OPU and matured groups, respectively, by Tukey-kramer test after ANOVA. There were no differences between the number of CL in the ER group and the number of follicles in the OPU and matured groups (16.4 ± 5.3 v. 31.6 ± 22.7 v. 18.5 ± 4.7, mean ± s.d., respectively). Also the number of collected embryos in the ER group and number of oocytes for IVF in the OPU and matured groups (12.8 ± 7.6 v. 14.9 ± 11.8 v. 17.8 ± 7.7, respectively) was similar. However, the number of blastocysts in the matured group (13.0 ± 5.9; P < 0.01) was higher than that in the OPU group (3.0 ± 2.2) and in the ER group (2.8 ± 3.7). For female embryo production in Brown Swiss cows using X-sorted sperm, the system of IVF with in vivo matured oocytes obtained by OPU is more effective than ER or OPU without pretreatment.

Successive in vivo embryo production in Santa Inês sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Nicolau Pinto ◽  
Mario Felipe Alvarez Balaro ◽  
Helena Fabiana Reis de Almeida Saraiva ◽  
Viviane Lopes Brair ◽  
Vivian Angélico Pereira Alfradique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Previous Response ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Colour Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Santa Inês

Context In vivo embryo production, also called multiple ovulation and embryo transfer, can accelerate genetic gain, and thus improve animal production. However, there are issues limiting a wider use of this biotechnology in sheep livestock. Aims This study aimed to determine (1) whether a previous response to superovulation (SOV) can be used as a criterion to select ewes for in vivo embryo production, (2) whether the intensity of the SOV response (number of corpora lutea, CL) can affect the embryo recovery rate, and (3) whether the number of CL quantified by colour Doppler ultrasonography can be used to calculate the recovery rate. Methods Twenty-five Santa Inês ewes underwent SOV three times (SOV1, SOV2 and SOV3), with 200 mg FSH and natural mating. The number of CL after each SOV was determined by laparoscopy and by colour Doppler ultrasonography. Key results The number of CL significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.05) after SOV1 (7.5 ± 4.8) to 3.0 ± 5.0 at SOV 2 and 2.2 ± 3.5 at SOV3. Strong correlations were observed between SOV2 and SOV3 in terms of numbers of CL (r = 0.86, r2 = 0.74; P &lt; 0.0001) and viable embryos (r = 0.79, r2 = 0.63; P &lt; 00001). However, no correlations were observed between SOV1 and SOV2 or between SOV1 and SOV3. Recovery rate did not differ with the intensity of the SOV response (≤6, 7–10, &gt;10 CL) or between the methods used to quantify CL. Conclusions Ewes did not show the same pattern of response when submitted to successive FSH-based SOV. The intensity of the SOV response did not affect the recovery rate, and the number of CL estimated by colour Doppler ultrasonography can be used to calculate the recovery rate. Implications Selecting sheep embryo donors by a previous SOV response is not always feasible. The recovery rate is homogeneous and it is not affected by the intensity of the SOV response. A nonsurgical technique can be used to assess the recovery rate, improving animal welfare in MOET programs.

scholarly journals Pregnancy rate in indigenous ewes by direct transfer of vitrified embryos

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ghosh ◽  
MRI Talukder ◽  
PK Jha ◽  
MGS Alam ◽  
NS Juyena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Embryo Yield ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grade 3

The effects of PMSG on superovulation, quality of embryos, and pregnancy rate were studied following transfer of vitrified embryos into indigenous ewes. Three donor and nine recipient ewes were synchronized using two intramuscular doses of Cloprostenol (PGF2α) equivalent to 125 μg Prostaglandin F2α (Ovoprost® Bayer, New Zealand) at an interval of nine days. To ensure ovulation donor and recipient ewes were treated with 600 iu and 250 iu Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin (PMSG; Folligon®, Intervet, Boxmeer, The Netherlands) at the time of 2nd injection of Prostaglandin F2α. All donor ewes were mated by fertile rams. Embryos were collected from donor ewes on day six after mating by inguinal laparotomy. Grade 1 embryos were vitrified using standard procedure. After thawing the embryos were transferred into the exteriorized uterine horn of the recipient by inguinal laparotomy. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by trans-abdominal ultrasonography on Day 40 of transfer. Oestrus occurred 31.3 ± 8.1 hours after second injection of prostaglandin and 32.6 ± 8.7 hours in recipients. Oestrus lasted 24.7 ± 9.9 hours in donors and 32.8 ± 12.8 hours in recipients. The mean numbers of corpora lutea and embryos of donor ewes were 11.7 ± 4.0 and 8 ± 2.6, respectively. Total embryo recovery rate of donor ewes was 68.6%. The mean values of qualities of embryo yield of donor ewes were 6 ± 1.7 grade 1, 0.3 ± 0.6 grade 2, 1.3 ± 1.2 grade 3, and 0.3 ± 0.6 grade 4. Twenty embryos were vitrified, 16 embryos were transferred and four recipient ewes were found pregnant. The pregnancy rate of recipient ewes was 44.4%.Bangl. vet. 2017. Vol. 34, No. 1, 27-33

314 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE (AMH), OVARIAN RESERVE, AND EMBRYO PRODUCTION IN SUPEROVULATED HOLSTEIN COWS

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rozner ◽  
J. Verstegen
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Production ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Oocyte Collection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Over Time

The relations between serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), oocyte numbers, and in vivo embryo production in Holstein heifers were evaluated. The AMH levels of 15 unstimulated cows were followed at weekly intervals during their oestrous cycles and monthly for 4 months. Forty-one superovulated heifers were evaluated at ovum pick-up (OPU) performed 20 h after cystorelin administration, and 125 others were evaluated at embryo recovery. Animals were followed over 3 consecutive cycles induced using a modified Ovsynch protocol with 4 days of FSH (Pluset H, Minitube of America, Verona, WI, USA). Blood samples were collected in serum tubes and spun within 2 h. The samples were stored at –20°C until evaluation using the Minitube of America AMH-bovine specific immunoassay (AMH Fertility Assay™). The statistical analyses (ANOVA and data correlation) were performed using Statview 5 with P < 0.05. Serum AMH ranged from 43 to 960 pg mL–1. The average AMH level of all cows was stable during the oestrous cycle and for each of the 4 monthly measurements. There was a high correlation between all values per animal (r2 = 0.9077; P < 0.01), suggesting that AMH levels are consistent during the cycle and for at least 4 consecutive months. Animals that were repeatedly stimulated showed decreasing AMH levels (509 ± 295, 299 ± 210, 211 ± 119) and a decrease in recovered embryos (7.4 ± 4, 5.6 ± 3.8, 4.2 ± 3.2; P = 0.02). The number of oocytes was not altered by multiple stimulations (10.4 ± 9.8, 11.3 ± 6.2, 8.5 ± 7.6; P = 0.75). As AMH and embryo numbers decreased after multiple stimulations, only the first AMH value and results of the first OPU or flush were used to establish following correlation. Serum AMH showed a positive correlation to the number of oocytes (r2 = 0.245) and embryos collected (r2 = 0.27).When separated into AMH categories, low (<100), normal (100–400), and high (>400 pg mL–1), high-AMH OPU animals yielded significantly higher numbers of oocytes than the animals in the normal or low AMH groups (13.8 ± 9.2 v. 9.2 ± 5.2 and 5.6 ± 3.9; P = 0.001). Flushed animals with high AMH levels had significantly higher numbers of embryos than those with low AMH (10.9 ± 7.9 v. 5.7 ± 5; P = 0.002). Comparison of the first AMH value to the average number of oocytes or embryos collected over the course of 3 collections/animal showed a positive correlation to the average number of oocytes/collection from individual OPU donors (r2 = 0.436) and a positive correlation to the average number of embryos/collection from individual donors (r2 = 0.176). When separated into AMH groups, high-AMH flushed animals had significantly higher numbers of embryos than the normal- or low-AMH animals (9.3 ± 3.1 v. 5.7 ± 3.4 and 4.5 ± 2; P = 0.0001). As OPU animals with low AMH were used only once, average oocyte/collection data was not available for this category. A significant difference was observed between the high- and normal-AMH categories (12 ± 3.6 v. 7 ± 2; P = 0.0001). Circulating AMH is stable over time in unstimulated animals but decreases in repetitively stimulated animals. Anti-Mullerian hormone is highly associated with superovulation response and oocyte and embryo production, and its use should improve animal selection to achieve improve efficiency of multiple-ovulation embryo transfer.

scholarly journals Effect of pFSH dose reduction on in vivo embryo production in Dorper ewes

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4215
Author(s):  
João Bosco Loiola Filho ◽  
Alane Pains Oliveira do Monte ◽  
Thais Thatiane Dos Santos Souza ◽  
Mayara De Souza Miranda ◽  
Lívia Correia Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Device Removal ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Intravaginal Device

To evaluate the effect of pFSH dose on the in vivo embryo production of Dorper ewes in the semi-arid northeast of Brazil, 40 sheep females were distributed into two groups of 20 animals that received intravaginal CIDR for 14 days, and two days before device removal, they received one of the following treatments: in the FSH200 group, the ewes received 200 mg of pFSH; and in the FSH128 group, the ewes received a total of 128 mg in decreasing doses every 12 h. Beginning 12 h after the conclusion of the treatments, estrus detection was performed every four hours using two Dorper rams of proven fertility. The ewes were mated at estrus onset and 24 hours later. Seven days after intravaginal device removal, the superovulatory response was evaluated, and embryo collection was performed using the laparotomy method. The recovered flushings were subjected to embryo searches under a stereomicroscope and classified according to their qualities. Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and LSD tests were used to compare the different parameters. The data expressed as percentages were analysed by chi-square test. The ovulation rate was higher in the FSH200 group, which had 16.3 ± 0.3 corpora lutea (CL), than in the FSH128 group, which had 11.3 ± 0.3 CL (P<0.05). However, higher fertilization rate (83.6% vs. 62.4%) and higher transferable (86.0% vs. 71.6%) and freezable (67.9% vs. 40.8%) embryo rates were observed in the FSH 128 group compared with the group that received 200 mg. Furthermore, no significant differences in the remaining parameters were observed between the experimental groups (P>0.05), demonstrating that pFSH dose reduction promoted a greater production of freezable and transferable embryos in Dorper ewes subjected to MOET.

134 EFFECT OF ELEVATED CIRCULATING PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATION ON DEVELOPMENT OF IN VITRO PRODUCED BOVINE ZYGOTES IN VIVO

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rings ◽  
F. Carter ◽  
M. Hölker ◽  
A. Kuzmany ◽  
U. Besenfelder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Interferon Tau ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Elevated concentrations of circulating progesterone in the immediate post-conception period have been associated with an increase in embryonic growth rate, interferon-tau production, and pregnancy rate in cattle and sheep. Much of this effect is likely mediated via downstream effects of progesterone-induced changes in gene expression in the tissues of the uterus. However, whether or not progesterone has a direct effect on the embryo also is unknown and, at least in vivo, in single ovulating animals, is difficult to assess. Using state-of-the-art endoscopic techniques, the objective of this study was to examine the effect of elevated progesterone on the development of IVP zygotes transferred to the oviducts of cattle with high or normal circulating progesterone concentrations. Simmental heifers (n = 14) were synchronized using a combination of 2 injections of a prostaglandin F2α analogue administered 11 days apart and gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Only animals exhibiting a clear standing oestrus (= day 0) were used. In order to produce animals with divergent progesterone concentrations, half of the animals received a PRID on day 3 of the oestrous cycle, which was left in place until embryo recovery. All animals were blood sampled daily from days 0 to 7. Cleaved embryos were transferred using endoscopy to the ipsilateral oviduct of each recipient on day 2 and recovered by non-surgically flushing the oviduct and the uterus on day 7. The number of embryos developing to the morula/blastocyst stage was recorded at recovery and following overnight culture in CR1aa medium. Data were analyzed by chi-square analysis. Insertion of a PRID on day 3 resulted in a significant elevation in progesterone concentrations from day 4 (2.36 ± 0.16 ng mL–1 v. 0.54 ± 0.10 ng mL–1, P < 0.001) until day 6 (1.98 ± 0.22 ng mL–1 v. 0.95 ± 0.17 ng mL–1; P < 0.01). The recovery rate was lower in animals that received a PRID (P < 0.05). However, there was no effect of progesterone on the proportion of embryos developing to the morula/blastocyst stage. These results suggest that elevated concentrations of progesterone do not affect the ability of the early embryo to reach the blastocyst stage in vivo and that the reported positive effect of high progesterone levels in terms of fertility are manifested after day 8. Table 1. Effect of elevated progesterone concentration on development of in vitro produced bovine zygotes in vivo

183 EXERCISE INFLUENCES EMBRYO QUALITY IN MARES

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Smith ◽  
K. Vernon ◽  
J. Gibbons ◽  
D. Kelley ◽  
J. Anton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Humid Environment ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Mean

Athletic mares are commonly utilized in an embryo transfer regimen during the breeding season, which allows owners to continue to train and compete with these animals. Exercising mares in a hot and humid environment has proven detrimental to embryo recovery rates. However, the effects of exercise under milder temperatures have not been examined. Our goal was to compare embryo recovery rates and embryo quality scores of mares under mild environmental conditions of 2 differing exercise regimens v. a single control group (n = 5). One treatment group (full exercise) consisted of mares (n = 5) exercised 6 days a week throughout the duration of the project. The partial-exercise group (n = 5) was exercised throughout the duration of the project 7 days a week, with full rest from day of detected ovulation to the proceeding embryo collection attempt. This was to limit any deleterious effects exercise may potentially have on the mare and subsequent early developing equine embryo. Exercise resumed the day after an embryo collection attempt for the partial-exercise group. Exercised mares were given a 1-month training period prior to the beginning of this project and were moderately exercised for 30 min in a mechanical exercise pen (free exerciser). Control mares were managed similarly as the other groups, however were not exercised. Mares were bred via artificial insemination and embryos were nonsurgically collected 7 d post-ovulation. Mean environmental temperature during the duration of this study was 27.1°C with average 60% humidity. Immediately following completion of exercise, mares in the full exercise group had a mean temperature increase of 1.0°C and partial-exercised mares increased 0.9°C. Exercise had a significant effect on embryo quality (P < 0.05, Table 1) but did not influence embryo recovery rate. The mean embryo quality score for the control group was 1.1, whereas the full-exercised group was 1.85 and partial-exercised group was 2.5. It appears from these data that exercise has a negative effect on embryo quality, thus lowering the availability of transferable embryos. Embryos of lower quality (≥3) have been shown to result in poor pregnancy rates in horses. Additionally, rest from ovulation to an embryo collection attempt did not improve embryo quality. Table 1.Embryo recovery rate and quality score of embryos from control and exercised mares

Calmodulin inhibitors and 8-(N,N-diethylamino)-octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate do not prevent the inhibitory effect of prostaglandin F2α on cyclic AMP production in isolated rat corpora lutea

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lahav ◽  
H. Rennert ◽  
K. Sabag ◽  
D. Barzilai
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Calcium Release ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Camp Production ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Calmodulin Inhibitors

ABSTRACT In the rat corpus luteum, prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) rapidly inhibits LH-induced cyclic AMP (cAMP) production when given in vivo or to isolated corpora lutea, but not to broken-cell preparations. The suggestion that increased cytosolic calcium concentration mediates PGF2α action was investigated in corpora lutea of pseudopregnancy induced in immature rats by administration of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (15 i.u.). Isolated 10-day-old corpora lutea were incubated for 90 min with LH (5 μg/ml), PGF2α (10 μmol/l) and other additions, and cAMP concentration in the tissue was estimated. The putative inhibitor of intracellular calcium release or action, 8-(N,N-diethylamino)-octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (TMB-8; 30 or 150 μmol/l), did not abolish the effect of PGF2α. Similarly ineffective was the combination of TMB-8 (150 μmol/l) and calcium-depleted medium (free ionized calcium concentration, 30 nmol/l). Calmodulin inhibitors of three different chemical structures were then tested. The phenothiazine trifluoperazine, at 300 as well as 30 μmol/l, did not interfere with the inhibitory effect of PGF2α on cAMP, while suppressing (at 300 μmol/l) progesterone secretion in LH-treated tissue. Furthermore, inhibition by PGF2α was not impaired by pimozide, a diphenylbutylpiperidine (25 and 50 μmol/l) nor by N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene sulphonamide (W-7; 15 and 45 μmol/l). In the presence of LH alone, W-7 (45 μmol/l) inhibited and TMB-8 (30 μmol/l augmented cAMP accumulation, indicating that the luteal tissue was effectively exposed to these compounds. Thus, drugs known to inhibit calcium- and calmodulin-dependent processes in a variety of tissues did not abolish the inhibitory action of PGF2α on luteal cAMP production. J. Endocr. (1987) 113, 205–212

scholarly journals Effect of pFSH dose reduction on in vivo embryo production in Dorper ewes

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4215 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Bosco Loiola Filho ◽  
Alane Pains Oliveira do Monte ◽  
Thais Thatiane Dos Santos Souza ◽  
Mayara De Souza Miranda ◽  
Lívia Correia Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Device Removal ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Intravaginal Device

<p>To evaluate the effect of pFSH dose on the <em>in vivo </em>embryo production of Dorper ewes in the semi-arid northeast of Brazil, 40 sheep females were distributed into two groups of 20 animals that received intravaginal CIDR for 14 days, and two days before device removal, they received one of the following treatments: in the FSH200 group, the ewes received 200 mg of pFSH; and in the FSH128 group, the ewes received a total of 128 mg in decreasing doses every 12 h. Beginning 12 h after the conclusion of the treatments, estrus detection was performed every four hours using two Dorper rams of proven fertility. The ewes were mated at estrus onset and 24 hours later. Seven days after intravaginal device removal, the superovulatory response was evaluated, and embryo collection was performed using the laparotomy method. The recovered flushings were subjected to embryo searches under a stereomicroscope and classified according to their qualities. Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and LSD tests were used to compare the different parameters. The data expressed as percentages were analysed by chi-square test. The ovulation rate was higher in the FSH200 group, which had 16.3 ± 0.3 corpora lutea (CL), than in the FSH128 group, which had 11.3 ± 0.3 CL (P&lt;0.05). However, higher fertilization rate (83.6% vs. 62.4%) and higher transferable (86.0% vs. 71.6%) and freezable (67.9% vs. 40.8%) embryo rates were observed in the FSH 128 group compared with the group that received 200 mg. Furthermore, no significant differences in the remaining parameters were observed between the experimental groups (P&gt;0.05), demonstrating that pFSH dose reduction promoted a greater production of freezable and transferable embryos in Dorper ewes subjected to MOET.</p>

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