Hepatitis A and B infection and vaccination in a cohort of homosexual men in Sydney

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and incidence of hepatitis A (HAV) and B (HBV) infection and vaccination in HIV-negative homosexual men in Sydney, and associated risk factors. Methods: An open prospective cohort study was conducted among a community-based sample of HIV-negative homosexual men in Sydney in 2001–02. Participants underwent a face-to-face interview, regarding demographics, sexual behavioural risk factors and sexually transmitted infections, and blood samples were collected. They were followed annually. Results: Nine hundred and three men completed a baseline interview by the end of 2002. Among them, 68% were seropositive to hepatitis A. The seroprevalence of prior hepatitis B infection was 19%, and 53% had serological evidence of HBV vaccination. Younger men were much more likely to be seronegative, with 48% and 46% of <25-year-olds being seronegative to HAV and HBV respectively. In multivariate analysis HAV and HBV infection were associated with increasing age, greater number of lifetime sex partners and HBV infection was also associated with previous sexually transmitted infections. HAV vaccination was associated with increasing age, greater number of lifetime sex partners, overseas travel in the last year and self-reported anogenital warts. HBV vaccination was associated with higher occupational status, greater lifetime number of sex partners and previous sexually transmitted infections. Conclusion: Substantial proportions of gay community attached young homosexual men are still at risk of HAV and HBV infection. This study points to a need for vaccination strategies which ensure high levels of hepatitis A and B immunity in young sexually active gay men.

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The diagnosis of hepatitis C in a semi-rural genitourinary medicine clinic

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1258/095646202321020143 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 847-849

Author(s):

A R Markos

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Drug Use ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Intravenous Drug Use ◽

Sex Partners ◽

Routine Test ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

History Of ◽

Genitourinary Medicine

A retrospective casenote study was conducted to examine the risk factors for patients who were diagnosed as hepatitis C (HCV)-positive (between 1999 and 2001) in a semi-rural genitourinary medicine (GUM) setting in Staffordshire, UK. There was a remarkable escalation in the number of reported HCV-positive cases, year on year, in our study. The majority of the positive cases (20/21) gave a history of previous intravenous drug use (IVDU). The incidence of other sexually transmitted infections were reportedly high in our HCV-positive patients. The increasing number of reported HCV-positive cases in the GUM clinic of the semirural Staffordshire setting, may reflect a national pattern that needs further investigations. We advise that HCV serology should be offered to GUM clients (who have a history of IVDU), and to their sex partners. They should also be advised to take tests to exclude other STDs. The case for offering HCV serology as a routine test for patients who request 'the exclusion of STDs' is still undecided.

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High Burden of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Madagascar: Comparison With Other Sexually Transmitted Infections

Infectious Diseases Research and Treatment ◽

10.1177/1178633717752686 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 117863371775268

Author(s):

Jérôme Bigoni ◽

Rosa Catarino ◽

Caroline Benski ◽

Manuela Viviano ◽

Maria Munoz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Infection Prevalence ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Common Risk Factors

Background: In Madagascar, human papillomavirus (HPV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, as well as syphilis share common risk factors but seem to differ in their prevalence. We measured and compared their prevalence in the country. Methods: The data used in this study came from the Saint Damien Health Centre in Ambanja, Madagascar. The tests used for disease detection were the Alere Determine, Virucheck, rapid plasma reagin, and S-DRY self-HPV samples for HIV infection, HBV infection, syphilis, and HPV infection, respectively. Results: In men and women, respectively, the prevalence was 0.6% and 0.4% for HIV infection, 2.2% and 2.0% for HBV infection, and 0.6% and 0.3% for syphilis. The HPV infection prevalence was 39.3%. Conclusions: Despite common risk factors, the prevalence of HPV infection was high, in contrast to a much lower prevalence of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the same geographical area. Further investigations are required to clarify the status of STIs in the Malagasy population.

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Internet-Based Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections to Reach Nonclinic Populations in the Community: Risk Factors for Infection in Men

Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽

10.1097/olq.0b013e3181e3d771 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (12) ◽

pp. 756-763 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Shua J. Chai ◽

Bulbulgul Aumakhan ◽

Mathilda Barnes ◽

Mary Jett-Goheen ◽

Nicole Quinn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Community Risk ◽

Community Risk Factors

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High Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk Factors Among HIV-Positive Individuals in Yunnan, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-936581/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wei Tu ◽

Yu-Ye Li ◽

Yi-Qun Kuang ◽

Rong-Hui Xie ◽

Xing-Qi Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Genital Tract ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multiple Infections ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

High Prevalence

Abstract Background Yunnan has the highest rates of HIV in the country. Other treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with accelerated HIV transmission and poor ART outcomes, but are only diagnosed by syndromic algorithms. Methods We recruited 406 HIV-positive participants for a cross-sectional study (204 ART-naive and 202 ART). Blood samples and first-voided urine samples were collected. Real-time polymerase chain reaction methods were used for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG). Syphilis and HSV-2 tests were also performed. Results Among 406 participants, the overall prevalence of STI was 47.0% and 45.1% in ART-naive individuals and 49.0% in ART individuals, respectively. Testing frequency was 11.6% (11.8% vs 11.4%), 33.2% (29.4% vs 37.1%), 3.2% (3.4% vs 3.0%), 2.0% (3.4% vs 0.5%) and 4.7% (6.4% vs 3.0%) for active syphilis, HSV-2, chlamydia, gonorrhoeae and genitalium. Percentage of multiple infections in both groups was 10.8% (22/204) in ART-naive participants and 9.9% (20/202) in ART participants. Females, age between 18 to 35 years, ever injected drugs, homosexual or bisexual, HIV/HBV coinfection, and not receiving ART were identified as risk factors. Self-reported asymptom was not eliminating of having a laboratory-diagnosed STI. Conclusions STI prevalence was 47.0% (45.1% vs 49.0%), HSV-2, syphilis and MG were the most common STIs in HIV-infected individuals. We found high prevalence (6.4%) of Mycoplasma genitalium in ART-naive individuals. ART can reduce the diversity of STI-HIV coinfection but not the prevalence. HIV-positive individuals tend to neglect or maybe hide their genital tract discomfort, thus we suggest strengthening STI joint screening and treatment services among HIV-infected individuals whether they describe genital tract discomfort or not.

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