Transgender HIV and sexually transmissible infections

Sexual Health ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna McNulty ◽  
Chris Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infection ◽  
Transmissible Infection

Transgender women across a range of different populations and settings have a high prevalence of HIV infection. There are fewer and often poorer quality studies of sexually transmissible infection (STI) prevalence. There are fewer studies in transgender men and, in general, the prevalence of HIV and STIs is lower than that of transgender women. Susceptibility to HIV and STI infection is inextricably linked to the increased vulnerability of transgender populations, a consequence of a lack of legal and social recognition that results in reduced access to educational and employment opportunities, which can result in high rates of transactional sex. Other measures of disadvantage, such as substance abuse and mental health problems, also increase the risk of HIV and STIs and have an effect on access to health care, highlighting the need for transgender-friendly multidisciplinary services offering individualised risk assessment, prevention advice and testing for STI and HIV.

scholarly journals Rectal self-sampling in non-clinical venues for detection of sexually transmissible infections among behaviourally bisexual men

Sexual Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Dodge ◽  
Barbara Van Der Pol ◽  
Michael Reece ◽  
David Malebranche ◽  
Omar Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Sample ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Bisexual Men ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infection ◽  
Transmissible Infection

Rectal sexually transmissible infections are a common health concern for men who have sex with men but little is known about these infections among men who have sex with both men and women. Self-obtained rectal specimens were collected from a diverse sample of behaviourally bisexual men. From a total sample of 75 bisexual men, 58 collected specimens. A relatively high prevalence of rectal Chlamydia trachomatis infection was found. Participants who collected specimens reported overall acceptability and comfort with self-sampling. Future efforts are needed focusing on increasing awareness of and options for rectal sexually transmissible infection testing among bisexual men.

scholarly journals Australian sexually transmissible infection and HIV testing guidelines for asymptomatic men who have sex with men 2014: a review of the evidence

Sexual Health ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Templeton ◽  
Phillip Read ◽  
Rajesh Varma ◽  
Christopher Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Chlamydia Testing ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infection ◽  
Transmissible Infection ◽  
Asymptomatic Men

Men who have sex with men (MSM) in Australia and overseas are disproportionately affected by sexually transmissible infections (STIs), including HIV. Many STIs are asymptomatic, so regular testing and management of asymptomatic MSM remains an important component of effective control. We reviewed articles from January 2009–May 2013 to inform the 2014 update of the 2010 Australian testing guidelines for asymptomatic MSM. Key changes include: a recommendation for pharyngeal chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis) testing, use of nucleic acid amplification tests alone for gonorrhoea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) testing (without gonococcal culture), more frequent (up to four times a year) gonorrhoea and chlamydia testing in sexually active HIV-positive MSM, time required since last void for chlamydia first-void urine collection specified at 20 min, urethral meatal swab as an alternative to first-void urine for urethral chlamydia testing, and the use of electronic reminders to increase STI and HIV retesting rates among MSM.

scholarly journals Early presentation of symptomatic individuals is critical in controlling sexually transmissible infections

Sexual Health ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
Eric P. F. Chow ◽  
Jane S. Hocking
Keyword(s):  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Australian Population ◽  
Sexual Risks ◽  
Early Presentation ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
General Australian Population

Two papers in this issue by Williams et al. and Scott et al. describe the sexual risks and health-seeking behaviour of young Indigenous Australians. Their sexual risks and health-seeking behaviours are similar to the general Australian population, yet their risk of past sexually transmissible infections (STIs) is higher. These findings are consistent with previous findings and suggest that access to health care, and not sexual risk, remain critical to STI control in remote Indigenous communities.

Screening endoscopy finds high prevalence ofHelicobacter pyloriand intestinal metaplasia in Korean American with limited access to health care

2017 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanghee Woo ◽  
Carolyn E. Behrendt ◽  
Garrick Trapp ◽  
Jae Geun Hyun ◽  
Tamas Gonda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Korean American ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Screening Endoscopy ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals Are printed sexually transmissible infection materials for patients appropriate? A physician perspective

Sexual Health ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asaduzzaman Khan ◽  
David Plummer
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Physician Perspective ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Information Materials ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infection ◽  
Transmissible Infection

The data from a postal survey of 409 general practitioners (GPs) practicing in New South Wales are analysed to explore GPs’ concerns, if any, about available printed information materials on sexually transmissible infections (STI) for patients. Just over half (55%) of GPs considered the materials for patients to be inadequate and/or inappropriate with 18% considering the materials as too technical for many patients and 13% considering the materials mostly out of date. Over a fifth reported that either STI materials were not available in their clinic or they did not know where to get those materials.

scholarly journals Population-Poverty Linkages and Health Consequences

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-50
Author(s):  
Sanghmitra Sheel Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Access To Resources ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Poor Health Outcome ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Different Populations

Population dynamics and determinants of poverty are associated in a way that affects access to resources which influence health. The popular belief often is that population growth causes problems including poverty.  Scientific arguments, however, have fairy well established that it is the nature of development, which is important to ensures availability, access and utilization of resources, services and opportunities for different population groups. Population growth is an insufficient explanation for denial of access to resources because development disparities across globe render different populations exposed to vulnerabilities of varied kinds. Disparities in health between different social groups are the function of unequal way in which the determinants of health are distributed in society. Beyond its effects on health, inequality has far reaching consequences on social trust and cohesion affecting social institutions; and also on  mortality and health outcomes. Factors such as income, employment status, housing, education, social position, and social exclusion have direct and indirect bearings on health over lifetimes. In many countries there is evidence of a social gradient in health, with those in more advantaged positions enjoying generally better health and lower mortality. In India, caste is an important axes on which discrimination and denial occurs causing poor health outcome. In term of income and social indicators, India is one of the most unequal countries in the world.  The present paper endeavours to understand the determinants of disparity among population groups across countries which influence access to health care with special reference to India.

scholarly journals Indigenous Peoples, Uncertainty and Exclusion in the Global South in Periods of the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Lastra-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Global South ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Resilience Factors

The indigenous peoples are distributed in all regions of the world, representing more than 6% of the world’s population. According to UN data, the pandemic has disproportionately affected indigenous groups, aggravating the structural inequalities and processes of widespread historical discrimination and exclusion present in the Global South, for example, high rates of extreme poverty, social exclusion, high prevalence of the disease, and limited and in some cases non-existent access to health care. Also, indigenous peoples have a great wealth of knowledge, traditional practices, cultural forms, and access to natural resources, as well as forms of collective social organization and community life that result in resilience factors in response to adversity and uncertainty. In this way, the chapter focuses from a descriptive-analytical approach on the situation of indigenous peoples and the pandemic, analyzing the forms of responses, their resilient action in the face of uncertainties and structural exclusions in the Global South.

scholarly journals Decision making over condom use during menses to avert sexually transmissible infections

Sexual Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Richard A. Crosby ◽  
Cynthia A. Graham ◽  
Stephanie A. Sanders ◽  
William L. Yarber ◽  
Marija V. Wheeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Independent Decision ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infection ◽  
Transmissible Infection ◽  
Do So

Background The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that receptive partners in penile–vaginal intercourse (PVI) who exercise independent decision making over condom use during menses do so to avert sexually transmissible infection (STI) transmission or acquisition. Methods: Data were collected through a partnership with Clue, the industry-leading female health app. A brief web-based questionnaire was developed, translated into 10 languages, and made accessible via a URL link sent to Clue users and posted on social media. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥14 years, not being currently pregnant and engaging in PVI and condom use during menses in the past 3 months. The analytical subsample comprised 12889 respondents residing in 146 countries. Results: Twenty per cent indicated independent decision making about condom use during menses. Independent decision making was associated with lower odds of reporting that condoms were used for contraception (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.65; 99% confidence interval (CI) 0.57–0.73) and higher odds that they were used for the prevention of STIs (aOR 1.44; 99% CI 1.28–1.61). A third significant finding pertained to always using condoms during menses; this was less likely among those indicating independent (female only) decision making (aOR 0.69; 99% CI 0.62–0.78). Non-significant associations with another two outcomes were found: protecting the partner against menstrual blood and protecting themselves against semen. Conclusions: Findings from people in 146 countries strongly support the hypothesis that those exercising independent decision making over condom use during menses do so to avert STI transmission or acquisition. That only one-fifth of this global sample reported this type of independent decision making suggests that empowerment-oriented (structural-level) interventions may be advantageous for individuals who are the receptive partner in PVI that occurs during menses.

Corrigendum to: Decision making over condom use during menses to avert sexually transmissible infections

Sexual Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Richard A. Crosby ◽  
Cynthia A. Graham ◽  
Stephanie A. Sanders ◽  
William L. Yarber ◽  
Marija V. Wheeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Independent Decision ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infection ◽  
Transmissible Infection ◽  
Do So

Background:The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that receptive partners in penile–vaginal intercourse (PVI) who exercise independent decision making over condom use during menses do so to avert sexually transmissible infection (STI) transmission or acquisition. Methods: Data were collected through a partnership with Clue, the industry-leading female health app. A brief web-based questionnaire was developed, translated into 10 languages, and made accessible via a URL link sent to Clue users and posted on social media. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥14 years, not being currently pregnant and engaging in PVI and condom use during menses in the past 3 months. The analytical subsample comprised 12889 respondents residing in 146 countries. Results: Twenty per cent indicated independent decision making about condom use during menses. Independent decision making was associated with lower odds of reporting that condoms were used for contraception (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.65; 99% confidence interval (CI) 0.57–0.73) and higher odds that they were used for the prevention of STIs (aOR 1.44; 99% CI 1.28–1.61). A third significant finding pertained to always using condoms during menses; this was less likely among those indicating independent (female only) decision making (aOR 0.69; 99% CI 0.62–0.78). Non-significant associations with another two outcomes were found: protecting the partner against menstrual blood and protecting themselves against semen. Conclusions: Findings from people in 146 countries strongly support the hypothesis that those exercising independent decision making over condom use during menses do so to avert STI transmission or acquisition. That only one-fifth of this global sample reported this type of independent decision making suggests that empowerment-oriented (structural-level) interventions may be advantageous for individuals who are the receptive partner in PVI that occurs during menses.

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