Tundra avian community composition during recovery from the Anaktuvuk River Fire

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan H. Pérez ◽  
Helen E. Chmura ◽  
Jesse S. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Bird Community ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Ecosystem Recovery ◽  
Ecological Disturbance ◽  
Burn Scar ◽  
Scar Region ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
A Site

In 2007, a fire burned over 100000ha along the Anaktuvuk River in Alaska, causing widespread ecological disturbance. Despite efforts to understand ecosystem recovery, little is known about higher trophic levels. Here, we present qualitative findings from a preliminary bird survey of the burn scar region, conducted in 2014, at three sites representing varying severity of burn damage. We found that abundance and species richness both appear higher at a site that experienced a moderate degree of burn damage than unburned control and severely burned sites. These findings suggest that the impacts of fires on bird communities may be minimal within 7 years post fire. Furthermore, our findings highlight the need for more rigorous efforts to understand the dynamics of tundra bird community fire recovery in a rapidly changing world.

scholarly journals The Bird Assemblage of the Darwin Region (Australia): What Is the Effect of Twenty Years of Increasing Urbanisation?

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Fischer ◽  
Andrew C. Edwards ◽  
Patrice Weber ◽  
Stephen T. Garnett ◽  
Timothy G. Whiteside
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Australian Birds ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Community Data ◽  
Bird Assemblage ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Difference

There has been considerable urban development in the Darwin region over the last twenty years; as for most fauna in Australia since colonisation, the potential effects to the bird assemblage were expected to be disastrous. To provide a broad overview of changes, bird survey data from 1998 and 2018 were extracted from BirdLife Australia’s ‘Atlas of Australian Birds’ database. A total of 165 species were categorised into primary food source feeding guilds and levels of food specialisation. This was integrated into ArcGIS along with land use change mapping from 1998 and 2018 to investigate its impact on bird assemblages. There was no significant change in overall species numbers when all sites were analysed. However, when sites were separated into those with increased urbanisation or decreased greenspace, several sites showed a significant change in the number of species. For the majority of species, analysis of primary food types found no difference in the proportion of species within the assemblages between 1998 and 2018, regardless of the level of urbanisation or greenspace; the exception being those species that primarily feed on insects, where the difference was just significant. An analysis using bird community data sorted into levels of food specialisation also found no difference between 1998 and 2018 despite habitat changes. These findings suggest that although there has been considerable urban development in the Darwin region, bird communities are remaining relatively stable.

scholarly journals Richness, composition and trophic groups of an avian community in the Pernambuco Endemism Centre, Alagoas, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 1207-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUILHERME S. TOLEDO-LIMA ◽  
PHOEVE MACARIO ◽  
RACHEL M. DE LYRA-NEVES ◽  
BRUNO P. TEIXEIRA ◽  
LUIZ A.F. DE LIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Surrounding Matrix

In northeastern Brazil, the reduction of the natural forest cover to a series of small, isolated fragments has had negative consequences for the local avian fauna, in particular, a loss of the more specialized species, while the populations of some generalists have tended to increase. The present study focuses on the composition and trophic groups of a bird community on a farm in the northeastern Brazilian state of Alagoas. Monthly surveys were conducted between November 2008 and October 2009, based on mist-netting and systematic observations. Overall, 112 species were recorded, of which 76 were associated with the two forest fragments surveyed, while all the others were observed exclusively in the surrounding matrix of pasture and orchards. The bird community presented a predominance of insectivorous species, followed by omnivores. However, specialized trunk-creeping and understory insectivores accounted for only around 15% of the species in this feeding category. The reduced diversity of other guilds and species with more specialized diets, and the complete absence of sensitive species such as large parrots and raptors, reflects the severe fragmentation and degradation of the local forests, which has greatly reduced the availability of dietary resources and breeding sites.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal patterns of bird species diversity in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil: implications for conservation

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (2a) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. C. Figueira ◽  
R. Cintra ◽  
L. R. Viana ◽  
C. Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Human Impacts ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
Bird Species Diversity ◽  
Habitat Generalists

Analysis of a three-year bird survey in the pantanal of Poconé revealed that most of the resident and seasonal birds are habitat generalists, using two or more habitats. In this study, previously sampled habitats were ranked in relation to species richness and stability (as measured by the ratio of seasonal to resident species). In all, nine habitats were grouped into three categories; results are as follows: 1) forests: more species-rich and more stable; 2) cerrado: intermediate levels; and 3) aquatic: less species-rich and less stable. The number of seasonal species remained relatively constant in forests throughout the year, while increasing in the other habitats during the dry season. The abundance of resident species seems to be related to species use of multiple habitats. Although many species were found to be habitat generalists, we discuss possible consequences of habitat loss and other human impacts on efforts to conserve this important bird community.

scholarly journals Co-existence of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in a single burn scar region

Burns Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
Yu Matsui ◽  
Teruhiko Makino ◽  
Keita Takemoto ◽  
Ko Kagoyama ◽  
Tadamichi Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Burn Scar ◽  
Scar Region

scholarly journals Evidence of change in a low-elevation forest bird community of Hawai'i since 1979

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle H. Reynolds ◽  
Richard J. Camp ◽  
Bonnie M. B. Nielson ◽  
James D. Jacobi
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Forest Bird ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
Elevational Range ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Avian Disease

We evaluated the abundance and distribution of low-elevation forest birds on windward Hawai'i Island during August 1993-February 1994, and present evidence of changes in the species composition of the forest bird community since 1979. Endemic Hawaiian birds occurred in native-dominated forests as low as 120 m elevation. Non-native species were detected at all survey locations. We observed non-native Saffron Finch Sicalis flaveola, previously unrecorded in Puna. Variable circular plot surveys of Kahauale'a Natural Area Reserve indicated the disappearance of two native species ('I'iwi Vestiaria coccinea and 'O'u Psittitostra psittacea), and two non-native additions (Red-billed Leiothrix Leiothrix lutea and Kalij Pheasant Lophura leucomelana) to the study area since the Hawai'i Forest Bird Survey conducted in 1979. We present evidence that native 'Elepaio Chasiempsis sandwichensis has experienced a decrease in population density and an elevational range contraction since 1979. Surveys indicate Puna's forest bird community has had increasing aliens and declining native species since 1979. The persistence of some native bird species within the range of avian disease vectors such as Culex quinquefasciatus in forests below 1,000 m elevation presents an important enigma that requires additional study.

scholarly journals Spatial Variation in Bird Community Composition in Relation to Topographic Gradient and Forest Heterogeneity in a Central Amazonian Rainforest

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Cintra ◽  
Luciano N. Naka
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Topographic Gradient ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Amazonian Rainforest ◽  
Forest Streams ◽  
Composition Changes

We investigated the effects of landscape features and forest structure on the avian community at the Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. We sampled the landscape and forest in 72 50 × 50 m plots systematically distributed in the reserve, covering an area of 6,400 ha. The avifauna was sampled using mist nets and acoustic surveys near the plots. We found no significant relationships between landscape features and forest components in the plots and the number of bird species and individuals sampled. Results of Principal Coordinate Analyses, however, showed that bird species composition changes along a topographic gradient (plateau-slope-valley), and also in relation to leaf litter depth and distance to forest streams. We also found compositional differences in the avian community on the eastern and western water basins that compose the reserve. Our results suggest that although most bird species occur throughout the reserve, many species track differences in the landscape and the forest structure.

scholarly journals Invasive grass causes biotic homogenization in wetland birds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Robichaud ◽  
Rebecca C Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Wetland Birds ◽  
Marsh Vegetation ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Water Depths ◽  
Total Beta

Plant invasions often lead to homogenization of the plant community, but the potential for plant invasions to cause homogenization of other trophic levels is under-studied in many systems. We tested whether the bird community in Phragmites australis-invaded marsh would exhibit spatial and temporal taxonomic homogenization compared to remnant cattail and meadow marsh. We compared the bird community using marsh invaded by P. australis and remnant, uninvaded marsh vegetation in a year with average water depths and a year with above-average water depths in the coastal marshes of a World Biosphere Reserve. Our results demonstrate strong evidence for spatial and temporal homogenization of the wetland bird community following P. australis invasion. The birds present in P. australis-invaded marsh were a nested subset of those present in remnant marsh, and total beta diversity decreased when water depths were above average. In contrast, total beta diversity was high in remnant marsh vegetation and stable between the two years. The distinctively structured vegetation zones in remnant (uninvaded) marsh yields structural complexity and habitat heterogeneity that supports greater taxonomic turnover in the bird community. Our study provides evidence that invasion by a plant has resulted in biological homogenization of the wetland bird community.

scholarly journals Effect of fragmentation on the Costa Rican dry forest avifauna

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Barrantes ◽  
Diego Ocampo ◽  
José D. Ramírez-Fernández ◽  
Eric J. Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Species Occupancy ◽  
Avian Assemblages

Deforestation and changes in land use have reduced the tropical dry forest to isolated forest patches in northwestern Costa Rica. We examined the effect of patch area and length of the dry season on nestedness of the entire avian community, forest fragment assemblages, and species occupancy across fragments for the entire native avifauna, and for a subset of forest dependent species. Species richness was independent of both fragment area and distance between fragments. Similarity in bird community composition between patches was related to habitat structure; fragments with similar forest structure have more similar avian assemblages. Size of forest patches influenced nestedness of the bird community and species occupancy, but not nestedness of assemblages across patches in northwestern Costa Rican avifauna. Forest dependent species (species that require large tracts of mature forest) and assemblages of these species were nested within patches ordered by a gradient of seasonality, and only occupancy of species was nested by area of patches. Thus, forest patches with a shorter dry season include more forest dependent species.

scholarly journals Using the North American Breeding Bird Survey to assess broad-scale response of the continent's most imperiled avian community, grassland birds, to weather variability

The Condor ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Gorzo ◽  
Anna M. Pidgeon ◽  
Wayne E. Thogmartin ◽  
Andrew J. Allstadt ◽  
Volker C. Radeloff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Grassland Birds ◽  
Breeding Bird Survey ◽  
Weather Variability ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
The North ◽  
Scale Response ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
Broad Scale

Birds

Monteverde ◽  
2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Young ◽  
David B. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Lowland Forests ◽  
Mixed Species Flocks ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Number Of Publications

Birds have been a major focus of study in Monteverde. The first biologists to study in Monteverde were ornithologists William Buskirk and George Powell, who arrived in 1970 on the recommendation of F. Gary Stiles. They were attracted by the low stature of the cloud forest, which made research on mixed-species flocks more tractable than in tall lowland forests. The number of publications since then (110 as of 1996) and the number of different first authors of those publications (31) attest to the extent to which Monteverde birds have been studied. Sixteen Ph.D. students have written dissertations based largely on data collected on the birds of Monteverde. In comparison, other well-known tropical study sites such as La Selva in Costa Rica or Manú in Peru have supported less graduate work on birds (five and four dissertations, respectively). Two major strengths of the Monteverde bird research are autecological studies and birdplant interaction studies. Although autecological studies may be declining because of changing scientific fashion (Levey and Stiles 1994), studies on single species or small groups of species have abounded at Monteverde. We know much about certain species but have little information about the bird community as a whole. Most studies of avian community ecology in Monteverde have been in the context of interactions with plants. Monteverde’s avifauna is attractive to ornithologists for five reasons: (1) Unusual behaviors: From the perspective of temperate ornithologists, many species of birds in Monteverde exhibit bizarre behaviors. For example, dual-male duets and dances by male Long-tailed Manakins are phenomena that are virtually unique in the animal kingdom (McDonald and Potts 1994; Fig. 6.1; see McDonald, “Cooperation Between Male Longtailed Manakins,”). Similarly, the March- July chorus of Three-wattled Bellbirds, heard for kilometers in every direction, draws attention to this species. Many who walk into a pasture in the dairy community have been mobbed by Brown Jays and wondered about their communal social behavior (Lawton and Guindon 1981, Lawton and Lawton 1985). These vocal species literally cry out to be studied.

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