scholarly journals Nucleotide excision repair by dual incisions in plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (17) ◽  
pp. 4706-4710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazile Canturk ◽  
Muhammet Karaman ◽  
Christopher P. Selby ◽  
Michael G. Kemp ◽  
Gulnihal Kulaksiz-Erkmen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Plant Genome ◽  
Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Repair Gene ◽  
Phosphodiester Bonds ◽  
Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Dual Incision

Plants use light for photosynthesis and for various signaling purposes. The UV wavelengths in sunlight also introduce DNA damage in the form of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproducts [(6-4)PPs] that must be repaired for the survival of the plant. Genome sequencing has revealed the presence of genes for both CPD and (6-4)PP photolyases, as well as genes for nucleotide excision repair in plants, such asArabidopsisand rice. Plant photolyases have been purified, characterized, and have been shown to play an important role in plant survival. In contrast, even though nucleotide excision repair gene homologs have been found in plants, the mechanism of nucleotide excision repair has not been investigated. Here we used the in vivo excision repair assay developed in our laboratory to demonstrate thatArabidopsisremoves CPDs and (6-4)PPs by a dual-incision mechanism that is essentially identical to the mechanism of dual incisions in humans and other eukaryotes, in which oligonucleotides with a mean length of 26–27 nucleotides are removed by incising ∼20 phosphodiester bonds 5′ and 5 phosphodiester bonds 3′ to the photoproduct.

scholarly journals Emerging Roles of Post-Translational Modifications in Nucleotide Excision Repair

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara N. Borsos ◽  
Hajnalka Majoros ◽  
Tibor Pankotai
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Genome Integrity ◽  
Repair Pathway ◽  
Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Nucleotide Excision

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a versatile DNA repair pathway which can be activated in response to a broad spectrum of UV-induced DNA damage, such as bulky adducts, including cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and 6–4 photoproducts (6–4PPs). Based on the genomic position of the lesion, two sub-pathways can be defined: (I) global genomic NER (GG-NER), involved in the ablation of damage throughout the whole genome regardless of the transcription activity of the damaged DNA locus, and (II) transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER), activated at DNA regions where RNAPII-mediated transcription takes place. These processes are tightly regulated by coordinated mechanisms, including post-translational modifications (PTMs). The fine-tuning modulation of the balance between the proteins, responsible for PTMs, is essential to maintain genome integrity and to prevent tumorigenesis. In this review, apart from the other substantial PTMs (SUMOylation, PARylation) related to NER, we principally focus on reversible ubiquitylation, which involves E3 ubiquitin ligase and deubiquitylase (DUB) enzymes responsible for the spatiotemporally precise regulation of NER.

scholarly journals Rescue of cells from apoptosis increases DNA repair in UVB exposed cells: implications for the DNA damage response

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Karbaschi ◽  
Salvador Macip ◽  
Vilas Mistry ◽  
Hussein H. K. Abbas ◽  
George J. Delinassios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Dna Damage Response ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Damage Response ◽  
Lengthy Process

Classically, the nucleotide excision repair (NER) of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) is a lengthy process (t1/2 > 48 h).

scholarly journals DNA nucleotide excision repair, where do all the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers go?

Cell Cycle ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1642-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus S. Cooke ◽  
Emma Harry ◽  
Tove Liljendahl ◽  
Dan Segerback
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Nucleotide Excision

scholarly journals Mycobacteria excise DNA damage in 12- or 13-nucleotide-long oligomers by prokaryotic-type dual incisions and performs transcription-coupled repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (50) ◽  
pp. 17374-17380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Selby ◽  
Laura A. Lindsey-Boltz ◽  
Yanyan Yang ◽  
Aziz Sancar
Keyword(s):  
Excision Repair ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Transcription Coupled Repair

In nucleotide excision repair, bulky DNA lesions such as UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers are removed from the genome by concerted dual incisions bracketing the lesion, followed by gap filling and ligation. So far, two dual-incision patterns have been discovered: the prokaryotic type, which removes the damage in 11–13-nucleotide-long oligomers, and the eukaryotic type, which removes the damage in 24–32-nucleotide-long oligomers. However, a recent study reported that the UvrC protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis removes damage in a manner analogous to yeast and humans in a 25-mer oligonucleotide arising from incisions at 15 nt from the 3´ end and 9 nt from the 5´ end flanking the damage. To test this model, we used the in vivo excision assay and the excision repair sequencing genome-wide repair mapping method developed in our laboratory to determine the repair pattern and genome-wide repair map of Mycobacterium smegmatis. We find that M. smegmatis, which possesses homologs of the Escherichia coli uvrA, uvrB, and uvrC genes, removes cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers from the genome in a manner identical to the prokaryotic pattern by incising 7 nt 5´ and 3 or 4 nt 3´ to the photoproduct, and performs transcription-coupled repair in a manner similar to E. coli.

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