scholarly journals Aberrant Gene Expression Profiles in Pluripotent Stem Cells Induced from Fibroblasts of a Klinefelter Syndrome Patient

2012 ◽  
Vol 287 (46) ◽  
pp. 38970-38979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ma ◽  
Chunliang Li ◽  
Junjie Gu ◽  
Fan Tang ◽  
Chun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Klinefelter Syndrome ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Syndrome Patient ◽  
Aberrant Gene Expression ◽  
Aberrant Gene

scholarly journals AMPKβ1 and AMPKβ2 define an isoform-specific gene signature in human pluripotent stem cells, differentially mediating cardiac lineage specification

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (51) ◽  
pp. 17659-17671
Author(s):  
Nicole Ziegler ◽  
Erik Bader ◽  
Alexey Epanchintsev ◽  
Daniel Margerie ◽  
Aimo Kannt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Cardiac Lineage

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of energy metabolism that phosphorylates a wide range of proteins to maintain cellular homeostasis. AMPK consists of three subunits: α, β, and γ. AMPKα and β are encoded by two genes, the γ subunit by three genes, all of which are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. It is not fully understood, whether individual isoforms have different functions. Using RNA-Seq technology, we provide evidence that the loss of AMPKβ1 and AMPKβ2 lead to different gene expression profiles in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), indicating isoform-specific function. The knockout of AMPKβ2 was associated with a higher number of differentially regulated genes than the deletion of AMPKβ1, suggesting that AMPKβ2 has a more comprehensive impact on the transcriptome. Bioinformatics analysis identified cell differentiation as one biological function being specifically associated with AMPKβ2. Correspondingly, the two isoforms differentially affected lineage decision toward a cardiac cell fate. Although the lack of PRKAB1 impacted differentiation into cardiomyocytes only at late stages of cardiac maturation, the availability of PRKAB2 was indispensable for mesoderm specification as shown by gene expression analysis and histochemical staining for cardiac lineage markers such as cTnT, GATA4, and NKX2.5. Ultimately, the lack of AMPKβ1 impairs, whereas deficiency of AMPKβ2 abrogates differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Finally, we demonstrate that AMPK affects cellular physiology by engaging in the regulation of hiPSC transcription in an isoform-specific manner, providing the basis for further investigations elucidating the role of dedicated AMPK subunits in the modulation of gene expression.

scholarly journals Role of Flavonoids as Epigenetic Modulators in Cancer Prevention and Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishat Fatima ◽  
Syed Shabihe Raza Baqri ◽  
Atrayee Bhattacharya ◽  
Nii Koney-Kwaku Koney ◽  
Kazim Husain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Aberrant Gene Expression ◽  
Altered Gene ◽  
Aberrant Gene ◽  
Epigenetic Processes

Epigenetic regulation involves reversible changes in histones and DNA modifications that can be inherited without any changes in the DNA sequence. Dysregulation of normal epigenetic processes can lead to aberrant gene expression as observed in many diseases, notably cancer. Recent insights into the mechanisms of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs involved in altered gene expression profiles of tumor cells have caused a paradigm shift in the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards cancer. There has been a surge in search for compounds that could modulate the altered epigenetic landscape of tumor cells, and to exploit their therapeutic potential against cancers. Flavonoids are naturally occurring phenol compounds which are abundantly found among phytochemicals and have potentials to modulate epigenetic processes. Knowledge of the precise flavonoid-mediated epigenetic alterations is needed for the development of epigenetics drugs and combinatorial therapeutic approaches against cancers. This review is aimed to comprehensively explore the epigenetic modulations of flavonoids and their anti-tumor activities.

scholarly journals Single-Cell Gene Expression Profiles Define Self-Renewing, Pluripotent, and Lineage Primed States of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley R. Hough ◽  
Matthew Thornton ◽  
Elizabeth Mason ◽  
Jessica C. Mar ◽  
Christine A. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Human Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Gene

scholarly journals Effect of Small Molecular Compounds on Properties of Fibroblast in Chuan Snub-nosed Monkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
juanjuan wang ◽  
xin liu ◽  
jing yang ◽  
hanxing guo ◽  
jingjing li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Molecular Compound ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Molecular Compounds

Abstract Small molecular compounds could improve the induction efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS). To investigate their effects on the efficiency of interspecies nuclear transfers, fibroblasts from the Chuan snub-nosed monkey were treated with small molecular compounds and used as donor cells to be injected into the enucleated oocytes of a goat. The gene expression profiles in the cell-constructed embryos, with and without the small molecular compound treatments, were determined by qPCR. Results showed that the cell morphology showed obvious changes, while the gene expression profiles of the fibroblasts were altered by the treatment. The pluripotent genes (Oct4, sox2, and nanog) were significantly increased on treatment with the small molecular compounds. Results demonstrated that these small molecular compounds could alter the properties of the donor cells, to promote the expression levels of the pluripotent genes for the Chuan golden-goat interspecies embryo, which would provide references for conservation of Chuan snub-nosed monkey.

Abstract P418: Transcriptomic And Genomic DNA Accessibility Dynamics During Differentiation Of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived Smooth Muscle Cells And Acquisition Of Contractile Phenotype

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
LU LIU ◽  
Adrien Georges ◽  
Nabila Bouatia-Naji
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Human Aorta ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Dna Accessibility ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Introduction: Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) capacity to phenotype switching between proliferative and quiescent (contractile) is a widely studied mechanism in cardiovascular disease. Primary SMCs tend to lose many physiological features in culture, which makes the study of their contractile function challenging. Recently, an optimized protocol of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiation into contractile SMCs was described. Here we aimed at defining the transcriptomic and open chromatin dynamics during the acquisition of SMCs phenotypes. Methods: We differentiated 4 human iPSC lines (2 males, 2 females) towards either contractile (Repsox induced) or synthetic (PDGF-BB/TGF-β induced) SMC phenotypes using a 24-days protocol. We performed RNA-Seq and assay for transposase accessible chromatin (ATAC)-Seq at 5 time points of differentiation. We analyzed gene expression profiles and compared them to existing dataset of human aorta by principle component analyses (PCA) and gene set enrichment analyses using GO terms. Results: iPSCs derived SMCs showed expected morphology and positive expression of SMC markers. Synthetic SMCs (SSMCs) exhibited greater capacity of proliferation, migration and lower calcium release capacity, compared to contractile SMCs (CSMCs). RNA-Seq results showed that multiple genes involved in the contractile function of arteries, including myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) and angiotensin type 1 receptor ( AGTR1 ) genes were highly expressed in CSMCs compared to SSMCs. Overall, CSMCs conserved SMC properties beyond 24 days and their gene expression profile clustered near human aorta. During late differentiation stages, CSMCs showed an upregulation of genes involved in cardiovascular system development, whereas genes involved in cell stress were upregulated in SSMCs. Conclusions: We describe global genomic profiles of iPSCs derived CSMCs that presented comparable gene expression profiles to mature artery tissue. Combination with upcoming DNA accessibility maps is expected to allow the functional exploration of genetic risk variation involved in several arterial diseases involving the impairment of the SMCs contractile function.

Aberrant gene expression profiles in Mediterranean sea urchin reproductive tissues after metal exposures

Chemosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilena Di Natale ◽  
Carmelo Bennici ◽  
Girolama Biondo ◽  
Tiziana Masullo ◽  
Calogera Monastero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Reproductive Tissues ◽  
Aberrant Gene Expression ◽  
Aberrant Gene
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