scholarly journals Toward an Understanding of the Molecular Mechanism for Successful Blood Feeding by Coupling Proteomics Analysis with Pharmacological Testing of Horsefly Salivary Glands

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqing Xu ◽  
Hailong Yang ◽  
Dongying Ma ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Yipeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Proteomics Analysis ◽  
Pharmacological Testing

scholarly journals Characterization of a vasodilator from the salivary glands of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti

1992 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Aortic Ring ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Relative Molecular Mass ◽  
Vasodilatory Activity ◽  
Carboxy Terminal

Salivary gland homogenates and oil-induced saliva of the mosquito Aedes aegypti dilate the rabbit aortic ring and contract the guinea pig ileum. The vasodilatory activity is endothelium-dependent, heat-stable, sensitive to both trypsin and chymotrypsin treatments, and both smooth muscle activities cross-desensitize to the tachykinin peptide substance P. Both bioactivities co-elute when salivary gland homogenates are fractionated by reversed-phase HPLC. Molecular sieving chromatography indicates a relative molecular mass of 1400. A monoclonal antibody specific to the carboxy terminal region of tachykinins reacts with material in the posterior part of the central lobe of paraformaldehyde-fixed salivary glands. The presence of a vasodilatory peptide of the tachykinin family in the salivary glands of A. aegypti is proposed and its role in blood feeding is discussed.

Plasma Proteomics Analysis for Screening Anlotinib Responders in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Lu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Lele Zhang ◽  
Yuqing Lou ◽  
Ping Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Proteomics Analysis ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Differential Proteins ◽  
Nsclc Patients

Abstract Background Anlotinib has been demonstrated to be effective in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The underlying value of proteomics for anlotinib study remains unclear. Methods In this study, plasma samples from 28 anlotinib-treated NSCLC patients (including 14 responders and 14 non-responders) were performed proteomics analysis. LC-MS/MS analysis was performed on those samples with different time points including baseline, best response and progression disease. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to understand the underlying value of those differential proteins. Results Proteomics analysis suggested the differential proteins from responders after anlotinib administration potential play a role in the molecular mechanism characterization and biomarker screening. The differential proteins between responders and non-responders at baseline mainly contribute to biomarker screening. Integrative analysis indicated 43 proteins could be used as underlying biomarkers for clinical practice. Lastly, we selected ARHGDIB and demonstrated that it has potential predictive value for anlotinib. Conclusions This study not only offered the first insight that the proteomic technology potentially be used for anlotinib molecular mechanism characterization, but also provided a basis for anlotinb biomarker screening via proteomics in the future.

scholarly journals Proteomics Analysis of the Excretory/Secretory Component of the Blood-feeding Stage of the Hookworm,Ancylostoma caninum

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Mulvenna ◽  
Brett Hamilton ◽  
Shivashankar H. Nagaraj ◽  
Danielle Smyth ◽  
Alex Loukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Secretory Component ◽  
Proteomics Analysis ◽  
Ancylostoma Caninum

Definition of a new genus of glossiphoniid leech and a redescription of the type species, Clepsine picta Verrill, 1872

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1942-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Barta ◽  
Roy T. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Related Genus ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Feeding Behaviours

A new genus, Desserobdella, is described to accommodate the leech Clepsine picta Verrill, 1872 which feeds exclusively on amphibians of northern and central North America. This leech belongs to the subfamily Glossiphoniinae and therefore deposits cocoons directly onto the substrate. The genus Desserobdella n.gen. has the following diagnostic characteristics: (i) two pairs of coalesced eyes; (ii) one pair of diffuse salivary glands; and (iii) a single pair of saccular mycetomes containing prokaryotic endosymbionts. Members of the new genus are distinguished from species of the closely related genus Placobdella Blanchard, 1893 on the basis of their salivary gland structure; Placobdella species have two pairs of compact salivary glands versus the single pair of diffuse salivary glands of the genus Desserobdella n.gen. Congenitors of the new genus are Desserobdella cryptobranchii (Johnson and Klemm, 1977) n.comb., Desserobdella michiganensis (Sawyer, 1972) n.comb., and Desserobdella phalera (Graf, 1899) Jones and Woo, 1990. Desserobdella picta n.gen. et comb. exhibited a stereotypical sequence of feeding behaviours on Rana catesbeiana tadpoles which involved picking at the site of proboscis insertion prior to probing, probing, and finally blood-feeding with the posterior sucker released.

scholarly journals The salivary catechol oxidase/peroxidase activities of the mosquito Anopheles albimanus

1993 ◽  
Vol 179 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-287
Author(s):  
J. M. Ribeiro ◽  
R. H. Nussenzveig
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Relative Molecular Mass ◽  
Catechol Oxidase ◽  
Anopheles Albimanus ◽  
Tissue Destruction

Salivary gland homogenates from adult female Anopheles albimanus mosquitoes relaxed aortic rings preconstricted with noradrenaline (NA). This relaxation is slow and is due to destruction of NA. Incubation of NA with the homogenate yielded a product with a spectrum consistent with the corresponding adrenochrome. Oxidation of NA was enhanced by a superoxide generation system and inhibited by the combined action of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Additionally, peroxidase activity on both synthetic (o-dianisidine) and biologically active (serotonin) substrates was also present in the salivary gland homogenates, this latter activity requiring hydrogen peroxide. Noradrenaline oxidation, serotonin and o-dianisidine peroxidation and vasodilation all co-elute with a heme protein of relative molecular mass 50,000, as determined by molecular sieving chromatography. Peroxidase activity was localized in the posterior (female-specific) lobes of salivary glands and was also detected in nitrocellulose membranes probed by hungry mosquitoes. Protein and peroxidase activities were significantly lower in salivary glands of mosquitoes after probing and feeding on blood. It is suggested that adult female Anopheles albimanus mosquitoes contain a salivary heme peroxidase that functions during blood finding and blood feeding by destroying hemostatically active biogenic amines released by the vertebrate host during tissue destruction.

scholarly journals Salivary gland proteins of the human malaria vector, Anopheles dirus B (Diptera: Culicidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narissara Jariyapan ◽  
Wej Choochote ◽  
Atchariya Jitpakdi ◽  
Thasaneeya Harnnoi ◽  
Padet Siriyasatein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Differential Distribution ◽  
Anopheles Dirus ◽  
Human Malaria

Salivary gland proteins of the human malaria vector, Anopheles dirus B were determined and analyzed. The amount of salivary gland proteins in mosquitoes aged between 3 - 10 days was approximately 1.08 ± 0.04 µg/female and 0.1 ± 0.05 µg/male. The salivary glands of both sexes displayed the same morphological organization as that of other anopheline mosquitoes. In females, apyrase accumulated in the distal regions, whereas alpha-glucosidase was found in the proximal region of the lateral lobes. This differential distribution of the analyzed enzymes reflects specialization of different regions for sugar and blood feeding. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that at least seven major proteins were found in the female salivary glands, of which each morphological region contained different major proteins. Similar electrophoretic protein profiles were detected comparing unfed and blood-fed mosquitoes, suggesting that there is no specific protein induced by blood. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel analysis showed the most abundant salivary gland protein, with a molecular mass of approximately 35 kilodaltons and an isoelectric point of approximately 4.0. These results provide basic information that would lead to further study on the role of salivary proteins of An. dirus B in disease transmission and hematophagy.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanism of Pancreatic and Salivary Gland Fluid and HCO3−Secretion

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Goo Lee ◽  
Ehud Ohana ◽  
Hyun Woo Park ◽  
Dongki Yang ◽  
Shmuel Muallem
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Duct Cell ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Secretory Glands ◽  
High Concentrations

Fluid and HCO3−secretion is a vital function of all epithelia and is required for the survival of the tissue. Aberrant fluid and HCO3−secretion is associated with many epithelial diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis, Sjögren's syndrome, and other epithelial inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Significant progress has been made over the last 20 years in our understanding of epithelial fluid and HCO3−secretion, in particular by secretory glands. Fluid and HCO3−secretion by secretory glands is a two-step process. Acinar cells secrete isotonic fluid in which the major salt is NaCl. Subsequently, the duct modifies the volume and electrolyte composition of the fluid to absorb the Cl−and secrete HCO3−. The relative volume secreted by acinar and duct cells and modification of electrolyte composition of the secreted fluids varies among secretory glands to meet their physiological functions. In the pancreas, acinar cells secrete a small amount of NaCl-rich fluid, while the duct absorbs the Cl−and secretes HCO3−and the bulk of the fluid in the pancreatic juice. Fluid secretion appears to be driven by active HCO3−secretion. In the salivary glands, acinar cells secrete the bulk of the fluid in the saliva that is driven by active Cl−secretion and contains high concentrations of Na+and Cl−. The salivary glands duct absorbs both the Na+and Cl−and secretes K+and HCO3−. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanism of fluid and HCO3−secretion by the pancreas and salivary glands, to highlight the similarities of the fundamental mechanisms of acinar and duct cell functions, and to point out the differences to meet gland-specific secretions.

scholarly journals Quantitative Proteomics Identifies Metabolic Pathways Affected by Babesia Infection and Blood Feeding in the Sialoproteome of the Vector Rhipicephalus bursa

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Couto ◽  
Margarita Villar ◽  
Lourdes Mateos-Hernández ◽  
Joana Ferrolho ◽  
Gustavo Sanches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Pathogen Infection ◽  
Protective Antigens ◽  
Rhipicephalus Bursa

The negative impact of ticks and tick-borne diseases on animals and human health is driving research to discover novel targets affecting both vectors and pathogens. The salivary glands are involved in feeding and pathogen transmission, thus are considered as a compelling target to focus research. In this study, proteomics approach was used to characterize Rhipicephalus bursa sialoproteome in response to Babesia ovis infection and blood feeding. Two potential tick protective antigens were identified and its influence in tick biological parameters and pathogen infection was evaluated. Results demonstrate that the R. bursa sialoproteome is highly affected by feeding but infection is well tolerated by tick cells. The combination of both stimuli shifts the previous scenario and a more evident pathogen manipulation can be suggested. Knockdown of ub2n led to a significative increase of infection in tick salivary glands but a brusque decrease in the progeny, revealing its importance in the cellular response to pathogen infection, which is worth pursuing in future studies. Additionally, an impact in the recovery rate of adults (62%), the egg production efficiency (45.75%), and the hatching rate (88.57 %) was detected. Building knowledge on vector and/or pathogen interplay bridges the identification of protective antigens and the development of novel control strategies.

scholarly journals Human blood microRNA hsa-miR-21-5p induces vitellogenin in the mosquito Aedes aegypti

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo D. Perdomo ◽  
Mazhar Hussain ◽  
Rhys Parry ◽  
Kayvan Etebari ◽  
Lauren M. Hedges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Progeny Production ◽  
Proteomics Analysis ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Reproductive Events

AbstractMosquito vectors transmit various diseases through blood feeding, required for their egg development. Hence, blood feeding is a major physiological event in their life cycle, during which hundreds of genes are tightly regulated. Blood is a rich source of proteins for mosquitoes, but also contains many other molecules including microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we found that human blood miRNAs are transported abundantly into the fat body tissue of Aedes aegypti, a key metabolic center in post-blood feeding reproductive events, where they target and regulate mosquito genes. Using an artificial diet spiked with the mimic of an abundant and stable human blood miRNA, hsa-miR-21-5p, and proteomics analysis, we found over 40 proteins showing differential expression in female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes after feeding. Of interest, we found that the miRNA positively regulates the vitellogenin gene, coding for a yolk protein produced in the mosquito fat body and then transported to the ovaries as a protein source for egg production. Inhibition of hsa-miR-21-5p followed by human blood feeding led to a statistically insignificant reduction in progeny production. The results provide another example of the involvement of small regulatory molecules in the interaction of taxonomically vastly different taxa.

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