Embedding Papiamentu in the mixed language debate

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Cape Verde Islands ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Mixed Language ◽  
Basic Content ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Mixed Languages ◽  
Content Vocabulary

This paper takes as a point of departure the hypothesis that Papiamentu descends from Upper Guinea Portuguese Creole (a term covering the sister varieties of the Cape Verde Islands and Guinea-Bissau and Casamance), speakers of which arrived on Curaçao in the second half of the 17th century, subsequently shifted their basic content vocabulary towards Spanish, but maintained the original morphosyntax. This scenario raises the question of whether, in addition to being a creole, Papiamentu can be analyzed as a so-called mixed (or intertwined) language. The present paper positively answers this question by drawing parallels between (the emergence of) Papiamentu and recognized mixed languages.

The Dutch in Seventeenth-Century Senegambia and the Emergence of Papiamentu

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
BART JACOBS
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Language Transfer ◽  
Cape Verde Islands ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
West India Company

This chapter explores the presence of the first Dutch West India Company (WIC) in 17th-century Senegambia, particularly in the Petite Côte region. The WIC's activity in this part of Upper Guinea is traditionally marginalised in the literature, but must be reconsidered in light of the compelling linguistic similarities between Papiamentu (the creole language of Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao) and Upper Guinea Portuguese Creole (a cover term for the sister creole varieties of the Cape Verde Islands, Guinea-Bissau and the Senegalese province of Casamance). The chapter illustrates how the conquest (in 1621) and possession (until 1677) of Gorée guaranteed Dutch commercial dominance in the Senegambia region, a period in which the language transfer from Upper Guinea to Curaçao must have occurred. It furthermore describes how the Dutch episode in Upper Guinea came to an abrupt end after the loss of Gorée and other Petite Côte factories to the French.

Statement by the Frelimo Executive Committee on the Events in Portugal

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
National Liberation ◽  
Cape Verde Islands ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
National Salvation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

On 25 April 1974, we learned from radio broadcasts about the coup d'etat in Portugal by the armed forces which resulted in the ousting of the government of Marcelo Caetano and its replacement by a Junta of National Salvation. This movement, according to its promoters, is intended to provide a solution to the present crisis which the Portuguese regime and society are going through after thirteen years of colonial war.The coup d'etat which has just taken place cannot be seen in isolation. It is a result of the new awareness of growing sectors of the Portuguese people that the purpose of the colonial war launched by the fascist regime is to suppress the colonized peoples’ aspiration to independence and freedom and is against the desire for well-being and political and social democracy of the Portuguese people themselves.At this time we hail, in the first place, the Portuguese democratic forces which for many years have been actively and courageously opposing the colonial wars. This growing awareness is closely bound up with the affirmation of the unshakable will of the Mozambjcan people, and of the peoples of Angola, Guinea-Bissau and the Cape Verde islands, to achieve independence and freedom. This will has taken on material form in the armed struggle for national liberation which has been steadily growing and has already reached vital regions of our country. The coincidence between the crisis of the regime in Portugal and the great advances of the national liberation struggle in Mozambique over the past two years is no accident, but additional proof of the impact of our struggle on the situation in Portugal. The determinant factor of the situation in Portugal and the colonies has been and still is the struggle of our peoples. And the fundamental issue upon which the solution of all other problems depends is the independence of the peoples of Mozambique, Angola and Guinea-Bissau and the Cape Verde islands, as well as that of the remaining Portuguese colonies.

scholarly journals The Upper Guinea origins of Papiamentu

Diachronica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Function Words ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Grammatical Categories ◽  
Linguistic Transfer ◽  
Santiago Island ◽  
Early Upper

This paper deals with the linguistic and historical relationships between Papiamentu and Upper Guinea Creole as spoken on the Santiago island of Cape Verde and in Guinea-Bissau and Casamance. In the linguistic section, the hypothesis that Papiamentu is a relexified offshoot of an early Upper Guinea Creole variety is lent support by focusing on the structural correspondences of the function words in five grammatical categories (pronouns, question words, prepositions, conjunctions and reciprocity and reflexivity). In addition, salient data from several early (18th and 19th century) Papiamentu texts is presented. The historical section provides a framework that accounts for the linguistic transfer from Upper Guinea to Curaçao in the second half of the 17th century.

Socialist Politics in Lusophone Africa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Panzer
Keyword(s):  
Political Orientation ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Cape Verde Islands ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Sao Tome And Principe ◽  
Liberation Movements ◽  
Sao Tome E Principe ◽  
Portuguese Colonialism

From the 1950s through the 1970s, several liberation movements emerged in Lusophone Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Príncipe, and the Cape Verde Islands) that fought for independence from Portugal. One of the most significant ideological frameworks that informed the political orientation of these movements was socialism. In Lusophone Africa, several liberation leaders gravitated toward the economic and political potentialities inherent in the discourses and practices of pan-Africanism and Afro-socialism. The liberation movements in Lusophone Africa that most identified with a socialist paradigm were the Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (MPLA of Angola); Frente de Libertação de Moçambique (FRELIMO of Mozambique); Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde (PAIGC of Guinea-Bissau and the Cape Verde Islands); and Comité de Libertação de São Tomé e Príncipe (CLSTP—later, MLSTP—of São Tomé and Príncipe). These groups suffered the burden of Portuguese colonialism and actively fought for independence from colonial rule. Although several other liberation movements also emerged in the Lusophone colonies, these four movements most espoused the hallmarks of Afro-socialism to challenge Portuguese colonial rule. All four liberation movements maintained networks with international actors opposed to colonialism, as well as diplomatic connections with sympathetic socialist and communist nations. Most notable among these bases of support were the Conferência das Organizações Nacionalistas das Colónias Portuguesas (CONCP) and the governments of Tanzania, Egypt, Guinea, the People’s Republic of China, East Germany, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), and Cuba.

Evaluation of the essential oil composition of fruits of three endemic species of Tornabenea from Cape Verde Islands

Planta Medica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Grosso ◽  
G Teixeira ◽  
I Gomes ◽  
ES Martins ◽  
JG Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Cape Verde Islands

scholarly journals Status assessment of raptors in Cape Verde confirms a major crisis for scavengers

Oryx ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine M. Hille ◽  
Nigel J. Collar
Keyword(s):  
Present Status ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Cape Verde Islands ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Local Extinctions ◽  
Insular Populations

AbstractScavenging raptors have been postulated to be declining at a rate far higher than predatory raptors. To test this hypothesis we reviewed the historical and present status of the seven raptor species—three scavengers (two kites and a vulture), one partial scavenger (a buzzard) and three species (osprey and two falcons) that take live prey—that breed on the Cape Verde islands. Scavenging raptors have experienced steeper declines and more local extinctions than non-scavengers in Cape Verde, with the partial scavenger midway between the two groups. Causes of scavenger decline include incidental poisoning, direct persecution and declines in the availability of carcasses and other detritus. These findings, which highlight the conservation importance of the island of Santo Antão, indicate the priority that needs to be accorded to scavengers, particularly in Europe where many insular populations are reaching unsustainable levels.

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