Effects of emotion information on processing pain-related words in visual word recognition

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-308
Author(s):  
Jessica Duris ◽  
Tamara Kumpan ◽  
Brian Duffels ◽  
Heath E. Matheson ◽  
Penny M. Pexman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Decision Criterion ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Pain Experience ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Semantic Categorization ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Valence Effect

Abstract We examined the effects of emotion information (valence, arousal, and emotional experience) on lexical decision and semantic categorization (using a “Is the word pain-related or not?” decision criterion) performance for pain-related words. Using linear mixed-effects modeling, we observed facilitatory effects of emotional experience in both tasks, such that faster responses were associated with higher emotional experience ratings. We observed a marginally significant valence effect in the semantic categorization task, such that faster responses were associated with more unpleasantness ratings. These effects were observed even with several other predictor variables (e.g., frequency, age of acquisition, concreteness, physical pain experience ratings) included in the analyses. These results suggest that the dimensions of emotional experience and (to a lesser degree) valence underlie emotion conceptual knowledge of pain-related words; however, their influence appears to be dynamic, depending on task demands.

Experiencing Pain in Imperial Greek Culture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel King
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Art Criticism ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Pain Experience ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Christian Society

Much of the Western intellectual tradition’s interest in pain can be traced back to Greek material. This book investigates one theme in the interest in physical pain in Greek culture under the Roman Empire. Traditional accounts of pain in the Roman Empire have either focused on philosophical or medical theories of pain or on Christian notions of ‘suffering’; and fascination with the pained body has often been assumed to be a characteristic of Christian society, rather than ancient culture in general. The book uses ideas from medical anthropology, as well as contemporary philosophical discussions and cultural theory, to help unpack the complex engagement with pain in the ancient world. It argues, centrally, that pain was approached as a type of embodied experience, in which ideas about the body’s physiology, its representation, and communication, as well as its emotional and cognitive impact on those who felt pain and others around them, were important aspects of what it meant to be in pain. The formulation of this sense of pain experience is examined across a range of important areas of Imperial Greek culture, including rational medicine, rhetoric, and literature, as well as ancient art criticism. What is common across these disparate areas of cultural activity is the notion that pain must be understood within its broad personal, social, and emotional context.

The Trajectory of Subjective Well-Being: A Partial Explanation of the Marriage Advantage

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110300
Author(s):  
Alfred DeMaris ◽  
Gary Oates
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Partial Explanation ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
And Gender

Although several studies have documented a distinct marriage advantage in well-being, it is still unclear what it is about marriage that renders this benefit. We hypothesize that it is due to factors theorized to accrue to matrimony, such as elevated financial status and specific social psychological supports. We examine the trajectory of subjective well-being for 1135 respondents from the three-wave 2010 GSS panel survey utilizing linear mixed-effects modeling. We find that about two-fifths of the marriage advantage in subjective well-being is accounted for by a mixture of control variables, finances, and emotional factors, with most of this due to elements that are associated with the marital context. Higher annual income, enhanced interpersonal trust, greater sociability, and less of a sense of loneliness and isolation appear to be responsible for a substantial component of the marital advantage. We further find that the marriage advantage is invariant to both race and gender.

scholarly journals Functional Outcomes of Cleft Lip Surgery. Part IV: Between- and Within-Participant Variables Affecting Lip Vermilion Sensory Thresholds

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 624-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg K. Essick ◽  
Ceib Phillips ◽  
Carroll-Ann Trotman
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Sensory Thresholds ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
The Right

Objective: Compare neurosensory assessments for participants with and without a cleft lip; identify between- and within-participant variables affecting sensory thresholds on the vermilion of participants with cleft lip. Design: A parallel group, nonrandomized clinical trial. Subjects: There were 56 participants with cleft lip and 37 noncleft participants. Analysis: Two-point perception and warmth and cool detection thresholds were measured on the right and left sides of the upper and lower vermilion. A cotton-tip stick, stroked across the skin, was used to identify altered sensation. Linear mixed effects modeling was used to examine the effects of between- and within-participant variables on the thresholds. Results: Threshold values on the upper and lower vermilion were similar for cleft and noncleft participants and were unaffected by the presence of a cleft on the side tested. Participants with cleft lip who reported hyposensitive altered sensations had higher two-point thresholds on the upper lip than those who reported hypersensitivity. Participants with cleft lip who reported altered midface sensation had lower warmth detection, but higher cool detection thresholds, on the lower vermilion than participants with cleft lip who did not report altered sensation. Participants with bilateral cleft lip had lower warmth detection thresholds on the upper vermilion than participants with unilateral cleft lip. Conclusions: Although participants with cleft lip and noncleft participants exhibit similar thermal and two-point discrimination, on average, differences exist among subgroups of participants with cleft lip that may reflect central disturbances in the processing of somatosensory stimuli.

scholarly journals Moderate aerobic exercise, but not anticipation of exercise, improves cognitive control

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242270
Author(s):  
Maximilian Bergelt ◽  
Vanessa Fung Yuan ◽  
Richard O’Brien ◽  
Laura E. Middleton ◽  
Wellington Martins dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Main Effects

Background Evidence suggests a single bout of exercise can improve cognitive control. However, many studies only include assessments after exercise. It is unclear whether exercise changes as a result, or in anticipation, of exercise. Objective To examine changes in cognitive control due to moderate aerobic exercise, and anticipation of such exercise. Methods Thirty-one young healthy adults (mean age 22 years; 55% women) completed three conditions (randomized order): 1) exercise (participants anticipated and completed exercise); 2) anticipation (participants anticipated exercise but completed rest); and 3) rest (participants anticipated and completed rest). Cognitive control was assessed with a modified Flanker task at three timepoints: (1) early (20 min pre-intervention, pre-reveal in anticipation session); (2) pre-intervention (after reveal); and (3) post-intervention. An accuracy-weighted response time (RTLISAS) was the primary outcome, analyzed with a linear mixed effects modeling approach. Results There was an interaction between condition and time (p = 0.003) and between session and time (p = 0.015). RTLISAS was better post-exercise than post-rest and post-deception, but was similar across conditions at other timepoints. RTLISAS improved across time in session 1 and session 2, but did not improve over time in session 3. There were also main effects of condition (p = 0.024), session (p = 0.005), time (p<0.001), and congruency (p<0.001). Conclusions Cognitive control improved after moderate aerobic exercise, but not in anticipation of exercise. Improvements on a Flanker task were also observed across sessions and time, indicative of a learning effect that should be considered in study design and analyses.

scholarly journals Timing is everything: Aesthetic perception of movement kinematics in dance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Orlandi ◽  
Emily S. Cross ◽  
Guido Orgs
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Profiles ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Art Appreciation ◽  
Movement Trajectory ◽  
Aesthetic Perception ◽  
Culturally Specific ◽  
Movement Timing ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Perceived Difficulty

What constitutes a beautiful action? Research into dance aesthetics has largely focussed on subjective features like familiarity with the observed movement but has rarely studied objective features like speed or acceleration. We manipulated the kinematic complexity of observed actions, by creating dance sequences that varied in movement timing, but not in movement trajectory. Dance-naïve participants rated the dance videos on speed, effort, reproducibility, and preference. Using linear mixed-effects modeling, we show that faster movement sequences with varied velocity profiles are judged to be more effortful, less reproducible, and more aesthetically pleasing than slower sequences with uniform velocity profiles. Accordingly, dance aesthetics depend not only on which movement is being performed but on how movements are executed and linked. Accordingly, the aesthetics of movement timing may apply across culturally-specific dance styles and predict both preference for and perceived difficulty of dance, consistent with an effort heuristic account of art appreciation.

scholarly journals Different semantic and affective meaning of the words associated to physical and social pain in cancer patients on early palliative/supportive care and in healthy, pain-free individuals

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248755
Author(s):  
Eleonora Borelli ◽  
Sarah Bigi ◽  
Leonardo Potenza ◽  
Fabrizio Artioli ◽  
Sonia Eliardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supportive Care ◽  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Social Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Pain Experience

Early palliative/supportive care (ePSC) is a medical intervention focused on patient’s needs, that integrates standard oncological treatment, shortly after a diagnosis of advanced/metastatic cancer. ePSC improves the appropriate management of cancer pain. Understanding the semantic and emotional impact of the words used by patients to describe their pain may further improve its assessment in the ePSC setting. Psycholinguistics assumes that the semantic and affective properties of words affect the ease by which they are processed and comprehended. Therefore, in this cross-sectional survey study we collected normative data about the semantic and affective properties of words associated to physical and social pain, in order to investigate how patients with cancer pain on ePSC process them compared to healthy, pain-free individuals. One hundred ninety patients and 124 matched controls rated the Familiarity, Valence, Arousal, Pain-relatedness, Intensity, and Unpleasantness of 94 words expressing physical and social pain. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed on ratings in order to unveil patients’ semantic and affective representation of pain and compare it with those from controls. Possible effects of variables associated to the illness experience were also tested. Both groups perceived the words conveying social pain as more negative and pain-related than those expressing physical pain, confirming previous evidence of social pain described as worse than physical pain. Patients rated pain words as less negative, less pain-related, and conveying a lower intense and unpleasant pain than controls, suggesting either an adaptation to the pain experience or the role played by ePSC in improving patients’ ability to cope with it. This exploratory study suggests that a chronic pain experience as the one experienced by cancer patients on ePSC affects the semantic and affective representation of pain words.

O4-09-06: DO DEMENTIA BIOMARKERS HAVE A SIGMOID TRAJECTORY? INSIGHTS FROM NON-LINEAR MIXED EFFECTS MODELING

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. P356-P356
Author(s):  
Akshay Pai ◽  
Stefan Sommer ◽  
Lars Lau Raket ◽  
Lauge Sørensen ◽  
Mads Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Non Linear
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