Fisheries co-management - a new approach in some reservoirs in the central highlands of Vietnam.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Phuong Truong ◽  
Dinh Phuc Phan ◽  
Thuong Huy Phan ◽  
John Sollows
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Variation ◽  
User Participation ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Reservoir Fisheries ◽  
Central Highlands

Abstract Natural resources co-management by local users, concerned local governments, and other stakeholders, with particular attention to the role of the users in resource management, has been strongly encouraged by many projects in Vietnam in recent years. There are many reasons for this. In general, though, various socioeconomic and environmental problems make the need for resource management clear, and management measures must be accepted by the users, if they are to have legitimacy and effectiveness. This paper focuses on the experiences of the Vietnam subcomponent of Management of Reservoir Fisheries, in order to make recommendations to decision-makers (a) on whether or not to promote fisheries co-management more systematically, and (b) how such promotion should be carried out. These recommendations are based on (a) an examination of the economics of co-management and other management systems at selected reservoirs, (b) other less measurable, but very important, costs and benefits, which enter comparative economics equations with difficulty, and (c) other lessons learned from efforts to establish co-management in six reservoirs in Dak Lak province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. In general, participation of fishers in managing the resources on which they depend should be promoted. However, there is great local variation among fishery resources and fishing communities, and no single model will apply to all. Local, not just central, government support is needed for any co-management effort to succeed. Policy guidelines are needed to encourage local governments to support co-management. This should be combined with developing among local officials an increased awareness of the need for user participation. Finally, resource users have very little money and time. They usually cannot afford to invest the resources needed to achieve successful management, so modest compensation for their efforts should normally be part of the process of promoting their participation.

scholarly journals Policy Evaluation of Central Government and Local Governments in Untia Fishing Port Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 921 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
R S Utami ◽  
Budimawan ◽  
Kurniaty
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Port Development ◽  
Port Management ◽  
Supply Industry ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
The Republic

Abstract The fishing port as the basis for the capture fisheries sector has a very important role in the national economy. Since the inauguration in 2016 until now, Untia Makassar Fishing Port has not shown an increase in activity as expected. This research objective is to make an inventory of the regulations related to the Untia Fishery Port Management Policies and how is the implementation of the Untia Fishery Port Management Policies. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The method of data collection is done by interview, participatory observation, documentation, and questionnaire. The results show that the Decree of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia Number 74 / KEPMEN-KP / 2016 concerning the Management of Untia Fishery Ports has not succeeded in becoming a tool in increasing fisheries activities. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate immediately with the Ministry of Administrative Reform - Bureaucratic Reform (Kemenpan-RB) so that the nomenclature of Untia fishery port managers can be immediately determined so that additional human resources and budgeting resources can be added. The efforts must be made so that policy implementation can be maximized in the community, namely (1) local government support for the initiation of the 30 GT ship to facilitate it to the fishery port for use and (2) local government support in the form of regulations for industrial entrepreneurs both in the ship supply industry as well as the marketing and distribution of fishery products to grow the fishery industry at the port of Untia.

Colombia vote raises concerns for mining firms

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Legal Costs ◽  
Mining Projects

Subject Local vetoes on mining activities. Significance Local governments opposed to mining projects planned in their districts have been awarded new powers to derail developments through a series of decisions from the Constitutional Court. On July 29, authorities in Tolima became the first to leverage one such decision in order to approve plans for a referendum over a proposed local ban on mining activity. Impacts Even firms with strong central government support will have scant protection from regulatory risk. Mining companies may see legal costs mount as they prepare appeals against court rulings that could undermine the viability of projects. Delays will further undermine government efforts to bolster Colombia's economy via the expansion of this strategic industry.

scholarly journals Building Effective Clusters and Industrial Parks

2019 ◽  
pp. 290-308
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Industrial Districts ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
International Firms ◽  
Know How ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Informational Advantage

This chapter discusses some of the strategies that are commonly used to build effective clusters and industrial parks. Industrial districts (clusters) offer three major advantages: better access to suppliers and markets, labour market pooling, and spillovers of technological know-how. Compared to the central government, local governments are in a better position to identify and solve the bottlenecks that affect clusters and industrial parks, mainly because of their informational advantage. The chapter first provides an overview of clusters and industrial parks before analysing the experiences of—and the lessons learned by—developing countries such as China in building them. Four strategies to increase the chances of success of a cluster and industrial park are highlighted: targeting international firms, targeting grouped businesses, incentivizing first movers, and adopting a step-by-step approach. The chapter also considers a number of reasons why clusters and industrial parks failed in countries like India, Egypt, and Senegal.

scholarly journals Inovasi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Program Aceh Kreatif Untuk Mengurangi Kemiskinan di Aceh

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Agatha Debby Reiza Macella ◽  
Najamudin Najamudin ◽  
Sri Wahyu Handayani ◽  
Irma Juraida
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Village

Aceh as one of the special autonomous regions which has a large enough budget compared to other regions makes the Aceh regional government have more useful programs to help alleviate poverty with a variety of superior programs, many regional potentials from various sectors that can be developed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of community empowerment programs through the Aceh Kreatif program so far and how the conditions of opportunities and challenges can be utilized by local governments in developing products and services from community empowerment through the Aceh Kreatif program. The research method used is a qualitative method. descriptive with the literature study technique The Aceh Creative Program is one of the 15 flagship programs of the Aceh government which indeed aims to improve the community's economy by emphasizing innovation creativity and utilizing local potential that is spread throughout the region from cities to villages in Aceh, contained in Aceh Qanun No.1 of 2019 concerning the Aceh Medium Term Development Plan (RPJM) for 2017-2022. The performance of the implementation of community empowerment through the Aceh program can be said to be good. 115 Bumdes are developing and getting turnover and obtaining PAG, several businesses were born in the village from community empowerment through the Aceh Kreatif program. Communication of the implementing agency is carried out through Focus Group discussions (FGD) then coordination meetings which are held regularly at the beginning of the year. In addition, the PMG Aceh Office conducts monitoring and evaluation of several gampongs in Aceh. Opportunities and challenges faced include central government support, competition, advances in science and technology, limited advice and infrastructure, as well as the quality and quantity of human resources.

scholarly journals Fishing for answers: The implications of Environmental Defence Society v King Salmon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Eleanor Milne
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Bottom Line

<p>The Supreme Court's decision Environmental Defence Society v King Salmon, released in early 2014, is a positive development in New Zealand's resource management law. The decision endorses the environmental bottom line approach and prohibits the use of the purpose section of the Resource Management Act 1991 when making operative decisions. If the decision is applied widely, there is scope for some of the problems with the resource management law framework to be addressed. In particular, it has the potential to reduce the uncertainty within the system caused by the lack of central government direction and the inconsistencies between local governments, and the issues when applying the purpose of the Resource Management Act. The paper also analyses the effect of King Salmon on the proposed reforms, and concludes that the arguments for the reforms are now much weaker.</p>

scholarly journals Fishing for Answers: The Implications of Environmental Defence Society v King Salmon

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Eleanor Milne
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Bottom Line

The Supreme Court's decision in Environmental Defence Society Inc v King Salmon Co Ltd, of early 2014, is a positive development in New Zealand's resource management law. The decision endorses the environmental bottom line approach and prohibits the use of the purpose section of the Resource Management Act 1991 when making operative decisions. If the decision is applied widely, there is scope for some of the problems with the resource management law framework to be addressed. In particular, the decision has the potential to reduce the uncertainty within the system caused by the lack of central government direction and the inconsistencies between local governments, and the issues when applying the purpose of the Resource Management Act. The article also analyses the effect of the decision on the reforms to the Resource Management Act that were proposed in 2014, and concludes that the arguments for the reforms are now much weaker.

Diluvial nation: building imperial Japan through floods

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
National Government ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Imperial Japan

PurposeThis article assesses the development of flood relief and recovery, and their narratives, as political sites for the central and local governments to negotiate each other's standing and role in imperial Japan.Design/methodology/approachThe article examines local flood narratives, most prominently from Okayama, to assess how imperial Japan's central government intruded into the periphery through disaster relief, and how the localities negotiated and challenged Tokyo's political agenda on the ground and through these narratives.FindingsThe above sources reveal that the national government attempted to use flood experiences to unite the pluralizing society by three main means: building meteorological stations, relief laws, and through the imperial being. The process was systematized gradually, and local prefectures aided and challenged Tokyo's attempts. The prefectures also used disasters to try to bring unity within their community.Originality/valueHistorical flood narratives are often used to mine data from which future preventative and management measures are constructed. The article suggests the narratives' political nature, and hence the nuances that must be considered in these efforts.

scholarly journals Prospects, Politics, and Practices of Solar Energy Innovation in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frauke Urban ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Sam Geall
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Trade Offs

This article examines the prospects of, and politics and practices around, solar energy in China. It examines two different solar energy technologies, namely, solar photovoltaic (PV) and solar water heaters (SWHs), to understand how different pathways for low-carbon innovation are supported and constrained by (the lack of) political support at the national and local level, the interactions between state and nonstate actors, as well as how they relate to changing practices among consumers. This article also discusses obstacles and trade-offs. We find two very different approaches to solar energy. The solar PV industry in China is experiencing increased domestic growth, after many years of being mainly export-oriented. Prices declined rapidly in recent years, and solar PV also enjoys much political and financial support from the central government and local governments. However, there are high bureaucratic and technical hurdles to get grid connected and access the feed-in-tariff, particularly for individual users. SWHs on the other side are a “homegrown” Chinese technology that is ubiquitous in China, particularly in rural areas; that is easy to install and use; and that has developed from the grassroots levels to mass products with relatively little government support. Although being largely neglected by high-level discussions and plans, SWHs could contribute much to low-carbon transitions that are driven at the local level in China.

Exploiting the Implementation Gap: Policy Divergence and Industrial Upgrading in China's Wind and Solar Sectors

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 705-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Nahm
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Entrepreneurial Firms ◽  
Industrial Upgrading ◽  
Implementation Gap ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Indigenous Innovation

AbstractThis article argues that manufacturing policies of Chinese local governments have provided an important corrective to some of the weaknesses inherent in the central government's indigenous innovation framework, most importantly its inattention to the importance of advanced manufacturing capabilities for innovation. Based on an original dataset of over one hundred executive interviews conducted with 43 Chinese wind and solar firms, I identify both central government R&D funding and continued local government support for manufacturing as critical factors in enabling innovation among China's renewable energy firms. In particular, this article shows that firms have utilized a combination of both central and local government policies to establish unique engineering capabilities required for innovation in commercialization and scale-up to mass production. The findings suggest that continued local government support for the manufacturing economy has not undermined central government innovation policies, but has (1) broadened the range of resources available to entrepreneurial firms and (2) enabled new options for industrial upgrading that are outside the conceptualization of innovation underlying the central government's indigenous innovation framework.

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