On determining the parameters of face blocks during mining operations with backhoes

The backhoe hydraulic shovels (backhoes) have been widely used in open-pit mining operations in the Kuznetsk coal basin since the early 2000s. Now their number is growing every year, both because new operations begin on new sites, and because of the backhoe advantages. However, up to now parameters of their operation, more particularly the parameters of the face blocks, are often taken according to the actual data, i.e. based on the accumulated experience of the mining companies, and are not calculated using the approved scientifically validated methods. In the given article the authors give some preconditions for creation of a uniform methodology to calculate parameters of the face blocks depending on mining-geological and miningtechnical conditions. It is noted that the manufacturers of excavation equipment quote the data corresponding to the maximum possible parameters of the equipment operation, in particular the height of the excavated layer, as a result of which it is rather difficult to apply this in practice. Preliminary conclusions about the need to take into account the diversity of the above conditions and their interrelation with the parameters of a particular model of the excavation and loading equipment have been made.

Effect of Operating Costs, Total Debt, and Sales Volume on Net Profit (Study on Coal Sub-Sector Mining Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2019 Period)

The purpose of this study is to test and provide an analysis of the effect of operating costs, total debt, and sales volume on net income in coal sub-sector mining companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange for the 2017-2019 period. In this study there were 22 companies. The technique used is purposive sampling and the number of samples that meet the criteria are 12 companies with a period of 3 years. The research method used is descriptive quantitative and uses secondary data derived from the company's financial statements, while the model used to test the research is panel data regression. The results of the study state that simultaneously operating costs, total debt, and sales volume affect the net profit of coal sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2019 period by 83.9246%. Partially, it shows that the operational cost variable has a significant negative effect on net income and sales volume has a significant positive effect on net income, while total debt has no partial effect on net income.

Why young people leave the Arctic: the results of sociological research

The article deals with the issues of technogenesis and the evolution of relations with the environment through the example of the industrial development of the Arctic. The economic, environmental, and social aspects of the behavior of the indigenous population, the migration sentiments of the young people in connection with the implementation of investment projects for the development of the territory are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to identifying the relationship between the migration processes and the industrial development of the Arctic, substantiating the participation of mining companies to improve the socio-economic development of the Russian Arctic, and promoting employment. The subject of the study are the economic and social relations, migration attitudes of the local population, and youth, which arise in the process of the industrial development of the territory in the Arctic. Based on the example of conducting sociological surveys of the local population in Taimyr, in the Arctic regions of Yakutia, Karelia, and the Murmansk Region, recommendations are formulated for managing migration processes, promoting employment, income growth, and socio-economic development of the territory within the framework of mining companies’ activities to implement investment projects for the industrial development of the Arctic.

Pengukuran Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Rasio Arus Kas Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di BEI

This research was conducted to determine the financial performance of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2019. Mining companies were selected for research because this industry was not included in the business fields that were reported to support the Indonesian economy in 2019, especially with the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. The high death rate and the rapid spread of this virus have made policies from the government, including limiting activities both domestically and internationally. Even some import-export destination countries have locked down, which of course will affect the productivity and financial performance of the mining industry. From a population of 47 mining companies, only 10 companies met the criteria and were selected as samples. The type of data used is quantitative data. Secondary data sources. Financial performance is measured using a cash flow ratio consisting of 5 liquidity ratios and 2 flexibility ratios. The results showed that based on the cash flow ratio, the majority of mining companies did not have good performance and were still below the standard. Of the eight ratios, only the cash coverage ratio is the most achievable by mining companies. The value of the cash flow ratio of mining companies has decreased during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Analysis Corporate Entrepreneurship in SOEs at Mining Sector with Private Companies as Comparative Study

Competition between state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and private mining companies are getting bigger and stronger, but state-owned holding companies such as MIND ID have decreased performance due to several factors such as business focus and small business scale. This should be supported by the optimization of resources and the transformation of the competence of each employee to encourage the entrepreneurial spirit. This study was conducted to examine the corporate entrepreneurship culture in three state owned mining companies (PT. ABC, PT. DEF, and PT. GHI) and compared with private mining companies (PT. XYZ, PT. OPS, and PT. RTU). This study uses two methods, Entrepreneurial Orientation Survey (EOS) and Entrepreneurial Leadership Questionnaire (ELQ). EOS is used to measure corporate entrepreneurship culture and ELQ to see entrepreneurial characteristics in expected leadership and actual conditions of its implementation. EOS results show that the corporate entrepreneurship culture of mining SOEs has advantages in Cross-Functionality and Support to New Ideas while private mining companies have significantly higher Speed and Focus dimensions than mining SOEs. The ELQ results show that mining SOEs have the type of leadership in entrepreneurship (Miner type) and the leadership type of private mining companies in Explorer has a higher score than mining SOEs. Mining SOEs are advised to increase the dimensions of corporate entrepreneurship, one of which is by providing scholarships for employees taking magister program and creating a competition program that supports future innovation also the companies should provide training on corporate entrepreneurship.

Liquidity Measurement Problems in Mining Companies

The ability to manage liquidity is important in any economic conditions. It assumes unique importance during a downturn and depends on management having reliable information on the company’s liquidity level. Static liquidity ratios do not provide such reliableinformation. Their high values result from high inventory levels of extracted raw materials and is not tantamount to excess liquidity.Additional information is offered by the cash cycle and its constituents – Days Inventory Outstanding, Accounts Receivable Days andAccounts Payable Days. Long cash cycles signal a shorter deferral of settlement of suppliers’ bills and a lower liquidity level. To maintain liquidity, companies must maintain higher cash balances in their accounts. Short cycles, on the other hand, may result from latepayment of invoices, which is reflected in long Accounts Payable Days. Some coal companies have very long Accounts Payable Daysand negative cash conversion cycles. This means that some of their non-current assets are financed out of current liabilities.

Earnings Management, Good Corporate Governance, Size of Public Accounting Firm on The Integrity of Financial Report

Implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) which is believed to minimize the occurrence of fraud to achieve the integrity of financial report, GCG is proxied by institutional ownership, independent commissioners, and audit committees. Public Accounting Firm (KAP) as a variable which is an external auditor as an intermediary if there is a difference of opinion with the company's internal parties. The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of Earnings Management, Institutional Ownership, Independent Commissioners, Audit Committees, Size of Public Accounting Firms on the Integrity of Financial Report in mining companies. The researcher uses mining companies in Indonesia for the 2015-2019 period as the population with 22 companies as the research samples. Panel data analysis Eviews 9.0 software is used as a research method. The results of this study prove that the variables have a significant effect are the audit committee, meanwhile earnings management, institutional ownership, independent commissioners, size of public accounting firm on the integrity of the financial report have no significant effect.

Social Responsibility of Mining Companies at a Time of COVID-19: Dear Shareholders!

This paper examines annual reports (ARs) of multinational mining companies Glencore, Rio Tinto and BHP framed by the challenge of COVID-19 in 2020. We apply a linguistic analysis to screening the letters of chairmen and CEOs that encapsulate an ideology of mining, prioritize the message of sustained and prospective financial success, and display commitment to employees and communities. Using critical discourse analysis, we explore how corporations involved in destructive activities managed to mask the nature of their conduct and promote positive PR when expected to document an on-the-ground involvement with employees and local communities due to the global pandemic. We accounted for the ideology of mining natural resources, the central message foregrounded in the reports, the selection and distribution of key topics and keywords, and relexicalization of critical concepts and descriptions. The CDA revealed “smart management” of COVID-19 aimed to hide facts related to the destruction of the environment and to manipulate people in exchange for education, financial rewards and social improvement. The critical contribution of our paper is that the COVID-19 crisis became an opportunity for corporations to display resilience as well as to manage, dominate and render local populations dependent and vulnerable.

Chinese Mining Companies in Peru: Is There a Single Cause of Problems?

China’s dependence on the supply of mineral resources is becoming stronger than ever. The activity of Chinese investors in the mining industry on a global scale has increased significantly during the last years. Moreover, the activity of Chinese mining investors in the developing countries has some special characteristics such as large-scale projects and protests of local communities during their implementation. This article discusses the activities of Chinese mining companies in Peru, in which both of these conditions were present. The author analyzes the activities of “Shougang”, “Chinalco” and “MMG Ltd” in Peru. The hypothesis is as follows. If there is a special Chinese way of investing, the problems of listed investors (which lead to conflict with local communities) should have a single reason that is unique for all Chinese enterprises. In these conditions, investors should keep the distance between themselves and Peruvian authorities and the local citizens. As a result of the study, the conclusion is made that such reason cannot be identified at this stage. The causes of problems for each of the considered enterprises are unique, but not common for all of them. The origins of these problems are the economic situation, the bureaucratic problems of the Peruvian authorities, as well as the general trends in the relations between transnational mining companies and the Peruvians. At the same time, Chinese companies try to take into account the experience of their predecessors. Most likely, in the future that could possibly lead to greater openness and expansion of dialogue between investors, government and the public worldwide.

PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY SEBAGAI DEDUCTIBLE EXPENSE TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PAJAK PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN

ABSTRACT The pros and cons of the obligation to carry out and disclose Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) by companies make the government provide incentives through taxes. The tax incentive is stated in Law No. 38 of 2008, which states that CSR costs can be categorized as deductible expenses or as a deduction from taxable income. The law can provide an opening for companies to carry out tax aggressiveness. This study aims to analyze and prove the effect of CSR as deductible expense on tax aggressiveness in mining companies in Indonesia. The data source used is secondary data from financial reports and annual reports of mining companies for the 2017-2019 period which can be downloaded at www.idx.co.id. The sample selection used purposive sampling technique and data processing was carried out through multiple linear analysis with SPSS software. The results showed that CSR as deductible expense on tax aggressiveness and capital intensity had no effect on tax aggressiveness.Keywords: Exchange Rate, Tax Rate, Tunneling Incentive, Transfer Pricing ABSTRAK Pro dan kontra atas kewajiban melaksanakan dan mengungkapkan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) oleh perusahaan membuat pemerintah memberikan insentif melalui pajak. Insentif pajak tersebut tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 38 Tahun 2008, yang menyatakan bahwa biaya CSR dapat dikategorikan sebagai biaya yang dapat dikurangkan atau sebagai pengurang penghasilan kena pajak. Undang-undang tersebut dapat memberikan celah bagi perusahaan untuk melakukan agresivitas pajak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membuktikan pengaruh CSR sebagai biaya pengurang terhadap agresivitas pajak pada perusahaan pertambangan di Indonesia. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan perusahaan pertambangan periode 2017-2019 yang dapat diunduh di www.idx.co.id. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan pengolahan data dilakukan melalui analisis linier berganda dengan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CSR sebagai biaya pengurang terhadap agresivitas pajak dan intensitas modal tidak berpengaruh terhadap agresivitas pajak.Kata kunci: Nilai Tukar, Tarif Pajak, Tunneling Incentive, Transfer Pricing