scholarly journals Factors influencing the composition of the weight lost by obese patients on a reducing diet

1980 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merril L. Durrant ◽  
J. S. Garrow ◽  
P. Royston ◽  
Susan F. Stalley ◽  
Shirley Sunkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
N Loss ◽  
The Third ◽  
Highest Weight

1.Weight loss, resting metabolic rate and nitrogen loss were measured in forty obese inpatients on reducing diets.2. Five subjects ate 3·55 MJ/d for 6 weeks (Expt I). Twenty-one subjects ate 4.2 MJ/d for the first week, 2·0 MJ/d for the second week and 4 2 MJ/d for the third week (Expt 2). Fourteen subjects ate 3·4 MJ/d for the first week and then 0.87 MJ protein or carbohydrate for the second or third weeks, using a cross-over design for alternate patients (Expt 3).3. Patients in Expt I had highest weight loss and N loss in the first 2 weeks, but adapted to the energy restriction over the remaining weeks. On average subjects were in N balance at the end of the study.4. In Expt 2 patients eating 2·0 MJ/d in week 2 showed increased weight loss compared with week I.N loss was not raised but it failed to decrease as it had in Expt I. Weight loss and N loss were reduced on return to 4.2 MJ/d for a third week.5. In Expt 3 patients eating 0·87 MJ protein showed significantly more weight loss and less N loss than patients eating 0·87 MJ carbohydrate.6. Resting metabolic rate decreased with time on the low-energy diet, but the manipulations of energy or protein content did not significantly affect the pattern of decrease.7. Both weight loss and N loss were greater the lower the energy intake, and both decreased with time. Diets with a high protein:energy value give a favourable value for N:weight loss at each level of energy intake.

scholarly journals Resting metabolic rate, fat-free mass and catecholamine excretion during weight loss in female obese patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Menozzi ◽  
M. Bondi ◽  
A. Baldini ◽  
M. G. Venneri ◽  
A. Velardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Maintenance Period ◽  
Sympathoadrenal System

The reduction in resting metabolic rate (RMR) during weight loss exceeds that accounted for by changes in body composition by 15%, suggesting that factors other than fat-free mass (FFM) explain the metabolic adaptation during food restriction in obesity. Our study aimed to establish if changes in the sympathoadrenal system activity, as inferred from an integrated measure such as 24 h urinary excretion of catecholamines, may play a role in the RMR adaptation observed during dietary restriction in obese patients. Ninety-three obese female subjects consumed a low-energy diet (LED) (2930 kJ/d (700 kcal/d)) for a 3-week period. At the beginning and at the end of the study, 24 h urinary excretion of catecholamines, FFM and RMR were measured. The LED induced a significant reduction in body weight (-3·3 (SEM 0·4) KG; P < 0·01), FFM (-1·9 (sem 0·7) kg; P < 0·01) and in the fat mass (-1·2 (sem 0·5) kg; P < 0·01). Noradrenalin excretion (24 h) decreased during the LED from 264 (sem 26) during a weight-maintenance period to 171 (sem 19) nmol/24 h after consumption of the LED for 3 weeks (P < 0·001); mean 24 h adrenalin excretion did not change during the LED (22 (sem 3) during the weight-maintenance period v. 21 (sem 3) nmol/24 h after consumption of the LED for 3 weeks; NS). The LED induced a significant decrease in RMR (7300 (sem 218) v. 6831 (sem 138) kJ/24 h; P < 0·001). The only independent variable that significantly explained variations in RMR both before and after consumption of the LED for 3 weeks, was FFM (r2 0·79 and r2 0·80 respectively). Urinary noradrenalin excretion explained a further 4 % of the variability in RMR, but only before the diet, so that a role of sympathoadrenal system on RMR seems to be present in obese patients in basal conditions but not at the end of the LED.

scholarly journals The effect of meal frequency and protein concentration on the composition of the weight lost by obese subjects

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Garrow ◽  
Merril Durrant ◽  
Sandra Blaza ◽  
Deborah Wilkins ◽  
P. Royston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
N Loss ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Frequent Meal

1. Nitrogen balance, weight loss and resting metabolic rate were measured in thirty-eight obese inpatients on 3.4 MJ (800 kcal)/d diets over 3 weeks.2. All subjects were fed on 13% protein-energy in three rneals/d for the first week.3. In weeks 2 or 3, using a cross-over design, ten subjects were fed on 15 or 10% protein-energy as three meals/d; fourteen subjects were fed on five or one meal/d with 13%protein energy; and fourteen subjects were fed on 15% protein-energy as five meals/d or 10% protein-energy as one meal/d.4. N loss was least on the high-protein week and frequent-meal week: the largest difference was found when these effects were combined (P < 0.001).5. When protein-energy was held constant at 13% N loss decreased significantly (P < 0.01) between week 2 and 3, but when the protein-energy was manipulated there was no significant N conservation in the third week. This suggests that the protein:energy value is more important than meal frequency in the preservation of lean tissue.6. Weight loss was also least on the ‘high-protein’ week and ‘frequent-meal’ week, but this result reached significance only when the effects were combined (P < 0.05).7. Resting metabolic rate decreased with time but was not significantly altered by the dietary regimens.8. Therefore, during the first 3 weeks at an intake of 3.4 MJ/d, a diet with a high-protein concentration, fed as frequent small meals, is associated with better preservation of lean tissue than an isoenergetic diet with lower-protein concentration fed as fewer meals. There was no evidence that meal frequency or protein concentration affect the rate of fat loss.

UCP2 and PLIN1 Expression Affects the Resting Metabolic Rate and Weight Loss on Obese Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Affonso Parenti de Oliveira ◽  
Marcela Augusta de Souza Pinhel ◽  
Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti ◽  
Cristiana Cortes de Oliveira ◽  
Driele Cristina Gomes Quinhoneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Obese Patients

scholarly journals Correction to: The effect of moderate intermittent versus continuous energy restriction on body composition and resting metabolic rate in resistance-trained females: A randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelin R. Siedler ◽  
Eric T. Trexler ◽  
Megan N. Humphries ◽  
Priscila Lamadrid ◽  
Brian Waddell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Continuous Energy

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Resting Metabolic Rate and Thermic Effect of a Meal in Low- and Adequate-Energy Intake Male Endurance Athletes

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Thompson ◽  
Melinda M. Manore ◽  
James S. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Thermic Effect

The resting metabolic rate (RMR) and thermic effect of a meal (TEM) were determined in 13 low-energy intake (LOW) and 11 adequate-energy intake (ADQ) male endurance athletes. The LOW athletes reported eating 1,490 kcal·day-1less than the ADQ group, while the activity level of both groups was similar. Despite these differences, both groups had a similar fat-free mass (FFM) and had been weight stable for at least 2 years. The RMR was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the LOW group compared to the values of the ADQ group (1.19 vs. 1.29 kcal·FFM-1·hr-l, respectively); this difference represents a lower resting expenditure of 158 kcal·day-1. No differences were found in TEM between the two groups. These results suggest that a lower RMR is one mechanism that contributes to weight maintenance in a group of low- versus adequate-energy intake male athletes.

scholarly journals Resting metabolic rate is associated with hunger, self-determined meal size, and daily energy intake and may represent a marker for appetite

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillipa Caudwell ◽  
Graham Finlayson ◽  
Catherine Gibbons ◽  
Mark Hopkins ◽  
Neil King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Daily Energy
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