Cercospora kikuchii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Purple Colour ◽  
Cercospora Kikuchii ◽  
Characteristic Symptom ◽  
Purple Seed Stain

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora kikuchii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Glycine max, Phaseolus spp., Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Vigna. DISEASE: Purple seed stain (also purple blotch, purple stain or purple speck) of soyabean Infection has also been reported on other legumes, including bean (cowpea) and cluster bean or guar (35, 861; 42, 69). The most characteristic symptom is the light to dark purple colour of the seed coat, the whole of which can be affected, and which shows cracking. Other species of Cercospora cause this purple staining of soyabean seed when pods are inoculated (35, 861; 39, 68) but these are not apparently of importance in the field. Seed germination may not be greatly reduced but infected seeds develop into weak seedlings (sometimes there is a slow death) and less productive plants. Reddish-purple spots, becoming angular to irregular, up to 1 cm diam., occur on the leaves; stems are also infected (4, 714; 29, 489; 30, 503). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread with host. TRANSMISSION: Through seed; infection of seed is lowest before maturity and can rise to 50% at maturity and to higher levels thereafter (36, 569). Plants whose maturity is delayed (and where the flowering period is longer) tend to show more seed infection (45, 3447). Infection of the seed reduced germination in a blotter test and in the field; the fungus can occur in seeds that show no purple staining (52, 1735).

Effect of Three Desiccant Herbicides on Soybean (Glycine max) Seed Quality

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond F. Cerkauskas ◽  
Onkar D. Dhingra ◽  
James B. Sinclair ◽  
Stephen R. Foor
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sodium Chlorate ◽  
Sodium Borate ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Combined Data

Soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] cultivars ‘UFV1’ and ‘UFV2’ grown at Viçosa and Florestal, Brazil, and ‘Bonus' and ‘Wells' at Urbana, Illinois, were sprayed at growth stages R5.5to R6(full-pod) or R7(50% defoliation) with the desiccant/herbicides glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine], paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion), or sodium chlorate:sodium borate (50:50, w/v). Desiccation of plants by paraquat significantly reduced seed weight and germination at all locations and increased the incidence ofAlternariaandPhomopsisspp. at Urbana. Analysis of the combined data from the Brazilian locations showed a significant decrease in seed germination for all treatments except paraquat sprayed on the UFV2at R7and sodium chlorate: sodium borate sprayed on UFV1at R7. Herbicide application at R7did not result in consistent increases in seedborneFusariumorPhomopsisspp. at any Brazilian location. Rainfall and temperature at seed maturation were more important variables in pod-to-seed infection by these fungi than increased rates of tissue senescence caused by the desiccants.

scholarly journals Screening a Diverse Soybean Germplasm Collection for Reaction to Purple Seed Stain Caused by Cercospora kikuchii

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 1140-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julieta Alloatti ◽  
Shuxian Li ◽  
Pengyin Chen ◽  
Luciano Jaureguy ◽  
S. Faye Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Cercospora Kikuchii ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Seed Decay ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Purple Seed Stain

Purple seed stain (PSS), caused by Cercospora kikuchii, is a prevalent soybean disease that causes latent seed infection, seed decay, purple seed discoloration, and overall quality deterioration. The objective of this research was to screen soybean accessions from the United States Department of Agriculture germplasm collection for resistance to PSS. In total, 123 plant introductions (PI) from 28 different countries, representing maturity groups (MG) III, IV, and V, were screened. Incidence of Cercospora leaf blight (% CLB), visual PSS (% PSS), and seed infected by C. kikuchii (% C. kikuchii) in harvested seed were determined. In 2007, % C. kikuchii was 2 to 51% for MG III, 2 to 35% for MG IV, and 0 to 33% for MG V. In 2008, % C. kikuchii was 0 to 45% for MG III, 1 to 71% for MG IV, and 0 to 15% for MG V. In total, four and ten PI from MG III and IV, respectively, were identified as resistant to PSS in both years. Highly positive correlations were found for inoculated versus noninoculated treatments and for % PSS versus % C. kikuchii infection. The PSS-resistant PI identified in this study will be valuable to breeders in developing resistant cultivars.

scholarly journals Phenological Traits Of Soybean In Correlation With Seed Infection By Cercospora Kikuchii (Matsumoto And Tomoyasu) Gardner

Zuriat ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ruswandi ◽  
R. M. Lantican ◽  
R. A. Hautea ◽  
M. P. Natural
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Cercospora Kikuchii ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
Natural Field Experiment ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Purple Seed Stain ◽  
Different Levels

A study was conducted at Institute of Plant Breeding (IPB), University of thePhilippines at Los Ba~nos (UPLB) from February to July 1997 to determine any relationship among various phonological traits with purple seed stain on soybean caused by C. kikuchii. Thirty genotypes that showed different levels of resistance and susceptibility under the 1996 natural field experiment were used in the study. Results suggest that phonological traits in R7-1-R7-2, R7-1-R7-3, R7-1-R8, R7-2-R8 and R7-3-R8 can serve as selection criteria for developing resistance to C. kikuchii.

Pathogenicity of postfire ascomycetes (Pezizales) on seeds and germinants of lodgepole pine

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 2368-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith N. Egger ◽  
J. W. Paden
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Seed Infection

Forty isolates of postfire ascomycetes (Pezizales) were tested for in vitro pathogenicity on seeds and germinants of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. Two known pathogens, Caloscypha fulgens (Pers.) Boud. and Botrytis cinerea Pers., were included as a check of the method. Caloscypha fulgens was the only fungus that caused serious declines in seed germination, although several species of postfire Pezizales were capable of preemergence seed infection. Rhizina undulata Fr. and Pyropyxis rubra (Peck) Egger were strongly pathogenic on germinants. Pyropyxis rubra was not previously known to be pathogenic. Many isolates were weakly pathogenic on germinants under the conditions tested.

Septoria glycines. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Early Symptoms ◽  
Central Canada

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria glycines. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Glycine max. DISEASE: Brown spot of soyabean (Glycine max). Early symptoms are usually on the cotyledons and first true leaves, spots are redish-brown, somewhat angular, up to 5 mm diam. and very numerous. They spread acropetally, coalesce and result in defoliation. Spots appear on stems and pods, which bear pycnidia (6: 74). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Occurs in E. Asia (China, Japan, USSR), and parts of E. and central Canada and USA (CMI Map 361, ed. 1, 1958). An additional record not yet mapped is Colombia. TRANSMISSION: Largely by seed which is penetrated mostly via the placenta and funicle; seed bears necrotic areas and pycnidia (35: 66; 37: 199).

Heterobasidion annosum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Pegler
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Coniferous Trees ◽  
Tissue Paper ◽  
Butt Rot ◽  
Disease Free

Abstract A description is provided for Heterobasidion annosum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On coniferous trees, particularly Picea, Larix, Thuja, Tsuga; also less commonly on numerous dicotyledonous hosts (Koenigs, 1960). DISEASE: Butt-rot. Causing decay to roots and heart wood of living trees. A tissue-paper-like layer of mycelial felt, forming between the bark and wood, is lilac, pink or purple at first, but later turns red, red-brown or purple-brown. White pockets are formed in the red region of the wood, sometimes preceded by black specks. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide in temperate regions (CMI Map 271, ed. 2, 1968). TRANSMISSION: Disseminated by wind-blown spores produced at all times of the year. Viable spores have been found airborne 70 miles from the nearest source (47, 3604), and in surface soil after 8 months (46, 13g). Also found in seed germination tests of Abies by Batko (38: 711). Spores may be introduced on nursery seedlings into disease-free areas (41: 260).

Hoplolaimus magnistylus. [Distribution map].

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Hoplolaimus magnistylus Robbins. Secermentea: Tylenchida: Hoplolaimidae. Hosts: soyabean (Glycine max) and cotton (Gossypium sp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in North America (USA, Arkansas, Florida, Illinois, Mississippi, Ohio and Tennessee).

Septoria glycines. [Distribution map].

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Septoria glycines Hemmi. Hosts: soyabean (Glycine max). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Zimbabwe, Asia, China, Honan, Yunnan, Manchuria, India, Himachal Pradesh, Japan, Korea, Nepal, Taiwan, USSR, Europe, Germany, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, Ontario, USA, Arkansas, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Wisconsin, South America, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia.

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