Lophodermium australe. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium australe. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus tarda, P. patula, P. palustris, P. kesiya, P. elliottii, P. caribaea. DISEASE: Needle cast of pines. Lophodermium australe appears to be completely saprophytic, inhabiting needles in dhe litter or attached to branches killed by some agent other than the fungus. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Southern USA (and Hawaii), Central America, the Caribbean Islands, Brazil, Zambia, West Malaysia, Philippines, Australia, Fiji. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet weather/humid conditions.

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4861 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-337
Author(s):  
MIGUEL A. MONNÉ ◽  
ANTONIO SANTOS-SILVA ◽  
MARCELA L. MONNÉ

A key for identification of the 46 genera of Acanthocinini without erect setae on the elytra and which occur in Mexico and Central America is provided. The 46 genera include 809 species of which 302 in Mexico and Central America. Diagnosis for each genus is provided, as well as type-locality and geographical distribution of the type-species. The monophyly (a non-exclusive cladistic term, already in use since the 19th century) of Acanthocinus (Acanthocinus) Dejean, 1821 is questioned, indicating the need for a complete review of the subgenus, including American and non-American species. The dubious monophyly of Eleothinus Bates, 1881, and Pseudastylopsis Dillon, 1956 is also indicated. The inclusion of Alphinellus Bates, 1881 in Acanthocinini is questioned, but its maintenance or exclusion from the tribe depends on the study of the type species, which was not possible at the moment. The possibility of the synonymy between Lepturginus Gilmour, 1959 and Urgleptes Dillon, 1956, as well as the synonymy between the two species currently included in the former, are suggested. 


Author(s):  
Christoph Piscart ◽  
Khaoula Ayati ◽  
Mathieu Coulis

During recent investigations on the terrestrial invertebrates of the tropical rainforest on Martinique Island (Pitons du Carbet), specimens of a new species of the terrestrial amphipod genus Cerrorchestia Lindeman, 1990, C. taboukeli sp. nov., were collected by means of different quantitative and non-quantitative methods (hand collection and Tullgren extraction) in the forest floor. The new species can be easily distinguished from the only other species of the genus, C. hyloraina Lindeman, 1990, by gnathopod 2 (carpus short, palm longer than wide), pereopod 4 dactylus with a denticulate patch, pereopod 5 basis ovate with a deep posterodistal lobe reaching the distal end of the ischium, pleopod 3 ramus with more than six articles. Cerrorchestia tabouleki sp. nov. is the first forest-hopper discovered in the Lesser Antilles, raising the question of island colonization by terrestrial amphipods. Ecological data and a key to terrestrial Talitridae of Central America and the Caribbean islands are provided.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium conigenum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Mainly Diploxylon (two-three needle) pines, including Pinus brutia, P. densiflora, P. montana, P. mugo, P. nigra, P. resinosa, P. sylvestris, P. tabuliformis, P. contorta, P. halepensis, P. pinea and P. radiata. Has also been recorded from Haploxylon (five needle) pines. DISEASE: Needle cast of pines. Lophodermium conigenum inhabits green needles on the tree, producing no symptoms. When a branch bearing such needles is killed by an agent other than the fungus, L. conigenum fruits seprophytically on the needles. It causes no significant damage to the tree. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in Europe, a couple of records from the USA (east coast and Michigan) where it is apparently not common, New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet weather/humid conditions.


Author(s):  
Alejandra Boza ◽  
Juan Carlos Solórzano Fonseca

This chapter traces the dense web of indigenous trade that crisscrossed Mosquitia, Talamanca, and Darién during the latter part of the colonial period. Most studies have focused on European actors’ geopolitical and economic interests in these regions. Here we concentrate on indigenous populations and their trading networks. Exchange brought together Indians from villages under Spanish control, Indians that remained independent, and a variety of European colonials It also helped cement alliances between some Indians and non-Spanish European powers, and affected Spanish colonizing strategies while increasing the Indians’ ability to retain their independence. Indians played a major role in connecting the Spanish mainland with the non-Spanish commercial hubs that emerged in the Caribbean islands.


Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 332 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID E. BAUMGARDNER ◽  
STEVEN K. BURIAN ◽  
DAVID BASS

The larval stages of Tricorythodes fictus Traver, T. cobbi Alba-Tercedor and Flannagan, and T. mosegus Alba-Tercedor and Flannagan are described for the first time based upon reared specimens. The rarely reported Asioplax dolani (Allen) is newly documented from the Austroriparian ecological region of Texas. Leptohyphes zalope Traver, known from the southwestern United States and much of Central America, is newly documented from the Caribbean Islands of Grenada and Tobago. This represents only the second leptohyphid mayfly known from both Continental America and the Caribbean region. Additional Caribbean records of Allenhyphes flinti (Allen) are also given.


1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Colin ◽  
Yvette Tambareau ◽  
Valery A. Krasheninnikov

Abstract. The limnic ostracod genus Cytheridella Daday, 1905 (Limnocytheridae, Timiriaseviinae), previously only known from Plio–Pleistocene sediments and Recent lacustrine environments of South and Central America, the Caribbean Islands, Florida and Equatorial Africa, and from earliest Eocene to Early Oligocene Eurasian localities, is found for the first time in the Upper Cretaceous (undifferentiated Campanian–Early Maastrichtian) of northern Mali, West Africa, suggesting an African origin for the genus. The association with the brackish-water ostracod genus Sarlatina suggests a mixo- or oligohaline environment for the Cretaceous species of Cytheridella.


2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 278-300
Author(s):  
L. Delgat ◽  
R. Courtecuisse ◽  
E. De Crop ◽  
F. Hampe ◽  
T.A. Hofmann ◽  
...  

Species of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactifluus, and often entire sections, are typically unique to a single continent. Given these biogeographic patterns, an interesting region to study their diversity is Central America and the Caribbean, since the region is closely connected to and often considered a part of the North American continent, but biogeographically belong to the Neotropical realm, and comprises several regions with different geologic histories. Based on a multi-gene phylogeny and morphological study, this study shows that Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean harbour at least 35 Lactifluus species, of which 33 were never reported outside of this region. It was found that species from the Caribbean generally show affinities to South American taxa, while species from the Central American mainland generally show affinities to Northern hemispheric taxa. We hypothesise that host specificity and/or climate play a crucial role in these different origins of diversity. Because of these different affinities, Caribbean islands harbour a completely different Lactifluus diversity than the Central American mainland. The majority of species occurring on the islands can be considered endemic to certain islands or island groups. In this paper, detailed morphological descriptions are given, with a focus on the unique diversity of the islands, and identification keys to all hitherto described Lactifluus species occurring in Central America and the Caribbean are provided. One new section, Lactifluus sect. Nebulosi, and three new species, Lactifluus guadeloupensis, Lactifluus lepus and Lactifluus marmoratus are described.


EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence E Reeves ◽  
Lindsay Campbell

Mayaro virus (MAYV) can be spread from mosquitoes to humans. The geographic distribution of Mayaro virus is expanding from South and Central America into the Caribbean Islands, which means that, under the right conditions, this virus could one day become important to Florida. This publication is intended to serve as a fact sheet communicating information about MAYV to researchers and stakeholders in mosquito control and public health professions and to the general public.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium canberrianum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Diploxylon (two-three needled) pines of the ponderosa group, including Pinus ponderosa and P. engelmannii. DISEASE: Needle-cast of pines. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: So far reported only from Australia (Australian Capital Territory and Victoria). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet weather/humid conditions, or even exceptionally in dry conditions (Stahl, 1966).


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