Entomophthora planchoniana. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Wilding
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Common Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Erynia Neoaphidis ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
Neozygites Fresenii ◽  
Aphid Populations

Abstract A description is provided for Entomophthora planchoniana. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) including species of Cinarinae, Chaitophorinae and Drepanosiphanae which are not usually attacked by the other common species of the Entomophthorales. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread, including Europe, N. & S. America, Australasia, Asia. DISEASE: Aphids become infected by a germ tube from an adhering conidium penetrating the cuticle. Naturally green aphids killed by this species are straw coloured and those filled with resting spores are grey. Black aphids turn reddish-brown. The rhizoids issuing from infected large aphids viewed from the side suggest stout supports. In N. Europe this species persists in aphid populations in warmer and drier conditions than all the other species attacking aphids except Neozygites fresenii. It frequently infects cereal aphids infesting the ears of cereals whereas Erynia neoaphidis is usually restricted to aphids on the leaves of the plant where conditions are less extreme.

Neozygites fresenii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Wilding
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Insect Cuticle ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Neozygites Fresenii ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Aphid Populations

Abstract A description is provided for Neozygites fresenii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) especially species of the genus Aphis. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Very widespread, including Europe, N. & S. America, Asia, Africa, Polynesia. DISEASE: Capilloconidia adhere to the aphid by the sticky apical droplet. A germ tube is produced which forms an appressorium on the insect cuticle and a tube from the appressorium then penetrates it. Aphids killed by N. fresenii characteristically hang from the stems and the underside of leaves of the host plant by the proboscis inserted in the plant tissues. Aphis fabae killed by this species are orange in colour when dry and grey in moist conditions as the fungus begins to sporulate. This fungus is most frequently associated with dense populations of aphids in warm seasons and is unusual in attacking aphid populations in the tropics.

Biological and geographical characteristics Lavandula latifolia Medik.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Cherednichenko M.Yu. ◽  
◽  
A.S. Elenchuk A.S.
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Flower Morphology ◽  
Lavandula Latifolia ◽  
Geographical Characteristics

The article presents the characteristics of the geographical distribution of broadleaved lavender, as well as the features of the flower morphology of this species in comparison with other common species of the genus.

Problems of species and the features of geographical distribution in colonial volvocine algae (Chlorophyta)

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-311
Author(s):  
A. G. Desnitskiy
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Species Problem ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Volvocine Algae ◽  
Cryptic Taxa

More than ten new species of colonial volvocine algae were described in world literature during recent years. In present review, the published data on taxonomy, geographical distribution and the species problem in this group of algae, mainly from the genera Gonium, Pandorina, Eudorina, and Volvox, are critically discussed. There are both cosmopolitan volvocalean species and species with local or disjunct distribution. On the other hand, the description of new cryptic taxa in some genera of the colonial family Volvocaceae, such as Pandorina and Volvox, complicates the preparation of a comprehensive review on their geography.

Pimpinella ibradiensis (Apiaceae), an unusual new species from Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
İlker Çinbilgel ◽  
özkan Eren ◽  
Hayri Duman ◽  
Mustafa Gökceoğlu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
The Other ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Closely Related Species

Pimpinella ibradiensis, an unusual new species found in the Toka Yayla (İbradı, Antalya) in southern Anatolia, is described and illustrated. Site conditions, synecology and conservation status of P. ibradiensis are considered. In light of the comparison with the other closely related four species, namely P. nephrophylla, P. flabellifolia, P. sintenisii and P. paucidentata, its similarity within the genus are discussed. P. ibradiensis is easly distinguished from its relatives by its white petals, presence of bracts and bracteoles, larger fruits (4–5.5 × 1–2 mm), and having serrulate basal leaves with 60–95 strongly cartilaginous teeth along margins. The geographical distribution of P. ibradiensis and closely related species are mapped and the identification key of those species is updated.

Entomophthora grylli. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. K. Brady
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nomadacris Septemfasciata ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
East Central ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
The Dead ◽  
External Growth

Abstract A description is provided for Entomophthora grylli. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Orthoptera; nymph and adults of grasshoppers and locusts; there have also been records on Lepidoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera (MacLeod & Muller-Kogler, 1973). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, including Britain; Canada; East, Central and South Africa. Fresenius quotes a record at 6000 ft near St. Moritz. DISEASE: The disease, causing epizootics in red locusts, Cyrtacanthacra septemfasciata (Nomadacris septemfasciata), in S. Africa is described by Skaife (1925). Infection is by germinating conidia which penetrate the integument. Dying insects characteristically climb up grass stems and die, apparently embracing the stem. The body becomes soft and easily disintegrates. The abdomen curls upward and backwards. Shortly after death a white, buff or greenish furry growth appears from the intersegmental membrane, leg joints, junction of the head and thorax and at the base of the antennae. The growth is made up of club-shaped conidiogenous cells which forcibly discharge conidia around the dead insect. Conidia, coated with the sticky contents of the conidiophore, are discharged in the evening, when the insects are clustered together and adhere to the surface of healthy individuals. A total of about 1% of locusts throughout the season die showing no external growth but are filled with resting spores; other individuals appear to be immune.

scholarly journals Natural infection of phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a visceral-leishmaniasis focus in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Cezar do Nascimento ◽  
Byanca Regina de Paiva ◽  
Rosely dos Santos Malafronte ◽  
Wedson Desidério Fernandes ◽  
Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Leishmania Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

The main purpose of this study was to investigate natural infection by Leishmania in phlebotomine females in a visceral-leishmaniasis focus in Antonio João county in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. Between June and October 2003, the digestive tracts of 81 females captured in Aldeia Campestre, Aldeia Marangatu and Povoado Campestre were dissected. The females were separated by species, location, area and date of capture into 13 groups and kept in ethanol 70%. To identify the Leishmania species using the PCR technique, amplifications of the ribosomal-DNA (rDNA) and mini-exon genes were analyzed. Of the 81 specimens, 77 (95%) were Lutzomyia longipalpis, making this the most common species; only one specimen of each of the species Brumptomyia avellari, Evandromyia cortelezzii, Evandromyia lenti and Nyssomyia whitmani was found. Trypanosomatids were identified in eight of the nine groups of Lutzomyia longipalpis (10.39%) one group from Aldeia Campestre, one from Aldeia Marangatu and six from Povoado Campestre; of the eight groups, one from Aldeia Marangatu and another, with promastigotes forms also confirmed by dissection (1.23%) from Povoado Campestre, were identified by PCR as Leishmania chagasi (2.6%). The other groups gave negative results. These findings indicate that there is a high risk of leishmaniasis transmission in this area.

REDESCRIPTION OF LIPAROCEPHALUS LITORALIS, AND KEY TO THE SPECIES OF LIPAROCEPHALUS (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE: ALEOCHARINAE)

2000 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munestoshi Maruyama ◽  
Kee-Jeong Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Kuril Islands ◽  
The Other

AbstractLiparocephalus litoralis Kirschenblatt is redescribed from specimens recently collected and illustrated. Additional data on its geographical distribution (Kuril Islands, Russia, and Hokkaido, Japan) are added. A modified key is provided to differentiate L. litoralis from the other recognized species of the genus Liparocephalus Mäklin.

scholarly journals Henricia djakonovisp. nov. (Echinodermata, Echinasteridae): a new sea star species from the Sea of Japan

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Chichvarkhin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Sea Star ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Russian Waters

A new sea star species,H. djakonovisp.n., was discovered in Rudnaya Bay in the Sea of Japan. This is a sympatric species of the well-known and common speciesHenricia pseudoleviusculaDjakonov, 1958. Both species are similar in body size and proportions, shape of skeletal plates, and life coloration, which distinguishes them from the otherHenriciaspecies inhabiting the Sea of Japan. Nevertheless, these species can be distinguished by their abactinal spines: in both species, they are short and barrel-like, but the new species is the onlyHenriciaspecies in Russian waters of the Pacific that possesses such spines with a massive, smooth, bullet-like tip. The spines inH. pseudoleviusculaare crowned with a variable number of well-developed thorns. About half (<50%) of the abactinal pseudopaxillae in the new species are oval, not crescent-shaped as inH. pseudoleviuscula.

scholarly journals Target-Site Mutations and Expression of ALS Gene Copies Vary According to Echinochloa Species

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1841
Author(s):  
Silvia Panozzo ◽  
Elisa Mascanzoni ◽  
Laura Scarabel ◽  
Andrea Milani ◽  
Giliardi Dalazen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Target Site ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Als Inhibitors

The sustainability of rice cropping systems is jeopardized by the large number and variety of populations of polyploid Echinochloa spp. resistant to ALS inhibitors. Better knowledge of the Echinochloa species present in Italian rice fields and the study of ALS genes involved in target-site resistance could significantly contribute to a better understanding of resistance evolution and management. Using a CAPS-rbcL molecular marker, two species, E. crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. and E. oryzicola (Vasinger) Vasing., were identified as the most common species in rice in Italy. Mutations involved in ALS inhibitor resistance in the different species were identified and associated with the ALS homoeologs. The relative expression of the ALS gene copies was evaluated. Molecular characterization led to the identification of three ALS genes in E. crus-galli and two in E. oryzicola. The two species also carried different point mutations conferring resistance: Ala122Asn in E. crus-galli and Trp574Leu in E. oryzicola. Mutations were carried in the same gene copy (ALS1), which was significantly more expressed than the other copies (ALS2 and ALS3) in both species. These results explain the high resistance level of these populations and why mutations in the other ALS copies are not involved in herbicide resistance.

scholarly journals Distribution of naked amoebae in the soils of the steppe zone of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
M. Patsyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Molecular Clusters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Steppe Region ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Naked Amoebae

As a result of the study, in the steppe zone of Ukraine (Odessa, Mykolaiv, Kirovohrad region), 12 species of naked amoebas were identified, which according to the modern Eukaryot system belong to three molecular clusters Tubulinea Smirnov et al., 2005, Discosea Cavalier-Smith, 2004., Discoba Simpson and Hampl et al., 2009. This species Vahlkampfia sp. (1), Vahlkampfia sp. (2), Deuteramoeba mycophaga Page, 1988, Saccamoeba stagnicola Page, 1974, Vexillifera sp., Vannella sp. Ripellaplatypodia Smirnov, Nassonova, Chao et Cavalier-Smith, 2007, Cochliopodium sp. (1), Mayorella sp., Thecamoeba striata Penard, 1890, Stenamoeba stenopodia (Page, 1969) Smirnov et al., 2007, Acanthamoeba sp. (1). In the studied steppe soils, the most common were Vahlkampfia sp. (2), S. stenopodia, Vahlkampfia sp. (1), Vexillifera sp., Cochliopodium sp. (1); the least common – R. platypodia, D. mycophaga, T. striata, Mayorella sp. As a result of the cluster analysis, it was found that the largest share of common species is observed between Mykolaiv and Kirovograd regions (0.71) and Odessa and Kirovograd regions (0.53); the smallest is between the Odessa and Mykolaiv regions (0.43). According to the results of cluster analysis, the faunistic complexes of soil species of amoebae of the steppe region of Ukraine are united into two clusters: one of them being complexes characteristic of the Odessa region, and the other complexes of the Mykolaiv and Kirovograd regions. According to the results of nonparametric multidimensional scaling, it is established that the species complex of soil amoebae in the Kirovograd and Mykolaiv regions is determined by the increased soil temperature and acidity, compared to the Odessa region. As for moisture, this factor has little effect on the species complexes amoebae steppe region of Ukraine.

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