scholarly journals Lathyrus odoratus (sweet pea).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lathyrus Odoratus ◽  
Annual Herb ◽  
Near Threatened ◽  
Sweet Pea

Abstract Lathyrus odoratus is a fast-growing, annual herb native only to southwest Italy and Sicily, but widely introduced as an ornamental. The ability of this species to tolerate a wide range of habitats, including disturbed areas, roadsides, secondary forests, as well as natural forests, means that it has the potential to spread much further than it has to date. This species has a climbing or sprawling habit, and consequently, has the capability to displace native species. Currently it is considered invasive in New Zealand and 'possibly invasive' in the Dominican Republic. However, in its native range it is listed as Near Threatened, as it is subject to wild collection threat due to its commercial value.

Mimosa casta (graceful mimosa).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval ◽  
Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Noxious Weed

Abstract M. casta is a fast-growing perennial vine that is included in the Global Compendium of Weeds (Randall, 2012). The ability of this species to tolerate a wide range of habitats including disturbed areas, roadsides, pastures, semi-waterlogged areas, as well as natural forests means that it has the potential to spread much further than it has to date. Additionally, the species is able to climb over other species and supports itself on other plants by means of spines which are borne along the length of its stems and petioles, forming a dense cover and presumably competing for resources (i.e., sunlight) with native species. In Puerto Rico, this species is classified as a "noxious weed" (USDA-ARS, 2012).

scholarly journals Lupinus angustifolius (narrow-leaf lupin).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
Annual Herb ◽  
Environmental Weed

Abstract Lupinus angustifolius is a fast growing annual herb native to the Mediterranean regions of Europe, Asia and Africa. It has been widely introduced in tropical and subtropical regions of the world for use as green manure, forage and as a grain legume and soil improver. In many places it is an agricultural and environmental weed. It is naturalized primarily along roadsides, in disturbed areas, secondary forests and in ruderal areas near cultivation. L. angustifolius is able to suppress native plant species by altering soil characteristics through its nitrogen fixing activity, allowing the spread of other non-native species. It is listed as invasive in Australia.

Ambrosia trifida (giant ragweed).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duilio Iamonico
Keyword(s):  
Early Spring ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Ambrosia Trifida ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Giant Ragweed ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Annual Herb ◽  
Noxious Weed

Abstract A. trifida is an annual herb native to temperate North America which is now present in a number of countries in Europe and Asia. The primary means of spread of A. trifida occurs accidentally as a contaminant of seed or agricultural equipment. This species readily colonises disturbed areas and is often one of the first plants to emerge in early spring. As a result it has an initial competitive advantage and can therefore behave as a dominant species throughout the entire growing season. A. trifida is a particular problem for cultivated agricultural and horticultural crops where it can significantly decrease yields. Like many species of Ambrosia, A. trifida produces pollen which is allergenic and can induce allergic rhinitis, fever, or dermatitis. A. trifida is extremely competitive and can also decrease native biodiversity. A. trifida is a declared noxious weed in its native range in California, Delaware, Illinois and New Jersey, USA and is also a quarantine weed in Poland and Russia.

Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Parker
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plant ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Tropical Crops ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Ornamental Species

Abstract M. pudica is an annual or biannual sub-woody plant native to South America. It was introduced outside of its native range as an ornamental species, and is still available for sale today. This species is typically present in disturbed areas in much of the tropics where it has naturalized. It can be readily and accidentally dispersed thanks to its propagules that stick to mammals' hairs and human clothing. M. pudica can become extremely weedy in disturbed sites, often forming monotypic ground cover, and is a major weed of many tropical crops. It is classified as invasive in a wide range of countries in Asia and the Pacific and is regarded as an undesirable import in to Florida, USA and Australia (ISSG, 2017). It is also reported as invasive in Burundi, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda.

scholarly journals Derris elliptica (tuba root).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
French Polynesia ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Natural Insecticide ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Fish Poison ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Abstract Derris elliptica is a large and fast-growing climber that is cultivated primarily across tropical regions of the world for its roots, which are used as fish poison and as the source of the natural insecticide rotenone. This species is adapted to a wide range of climates and soil types and spreads sexually by seed and vegetatively by stem fragments. It has successfully escaped from cultivation to become naturalized principally in disturbed areas and secondary forests. D. elliptica often behaves as an aggressive weed and, once established, climbs over other trees and shrubs forming a dense canopy that smothers vegetation, fences, forests, pastures, plantations and cultivated land. D. elliptica is now listed as invasive in Fiji, French Polynesia, Hawaii, Palau, Japan and Cuba.

scholarly journals Funtumia elastica (west African rubber tree).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
West African ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Canopy Species

Abstract Funtumia elastica is a medium-sized rubber tree native to tropical West Africa. It is considered an invasive species in forest understorey and naturally disturbed areas in Samoa and Martinique. It produces an immense quantity of seeds that are adapted for wind dispersal and its establishment has been favoured by fire and cyclones or hurricanes on these islands. This species can form monospecific stands, outcompeting native species. In some of its native habitats in Africa, F. elastica is a rare canopy species of primary and secondary forests, even being considered an endangered species in some Nigerian forests.

The biology and management of Tilapia mariae (Pisces:Cichlidae) as a native and invasive species: a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Bradford ◽  
Frederieke J. Kroon ◽  
D. John Russell
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
West African ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Introduced Range ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Natural Range

Tilapia mariae (Cichlidae) is a tropical teleost, native to West African coastal drainages in the Gulf of Guinea and naturalised in the USA, Australia and possibly Russia. This paper reviews published information on the species from its native and introduced range to improve the effective management of fisheries as well as manage current infestations, reduce further spread and promote research on control measures outside its natural range. Within its natural range, the species is abundant and contributes to the local subsistence and artisanal fisheries; however, it is not extensively utilised for aquaculture. Outside its native range, it has proliferated, particularly in disturbed aquatic ecosystems. Tilapia mariae has several characteristics that make it successful in both its natural and introduced range. These include plasticity in reproductive behaviour (particularly parental care of the brood), a variety of feeding behaviours and dietary components, tolerance of a wide range of environmental conditions and aggressive behaviour to other fish species. Although tilapiine species are considered to be amongst the world’s worst invasive alien species, surprisingly little information is available on potential impacts of T. mariae on native species and aquatic ecosystems outside its native range.

Syntaxonomy of mid-successional stages of secondary forests of the central elevated part of the Southern Urals

2012 ◽  
pp. 109-134
Author(s):  
P. S. Shirokikh ◽  
A. M. Kunafin ◽  
V. B. Martynenko
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Tree Layer ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species ◽  
Successional Stages

The secondary birch and aspen forests of middle stages of succession of the central elevated part of the Southern Urals are studied. 4 subassociations, 1 community, and 7 variants in the alliances of Aconito-Piceion and Piceion excelsae are allocated. It is shown that the floristic composition of aspen and birch secondary forests in the age of 60—80 years is almost identical to the natural forests. However, a slight increase the coenotical role of light-requiring species of grasslands and hemiboreal forests in the secondary communities of the class Brachypodio-Betuletea was noticed as well as some reduction of role the shade-tolerant species of nemoral complex and species of boreal forests of the class Vaccinio-Piceetea. Dominant tree layer under the canopy of secondary series is marked by an active growth of natural tree species.

scholarly journals Biogeographic Distribution of Cedrela spp. Genus in Peru Using MaxEnt Modeling: A Conservation and Restoration Approach

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Alexander Cotrina Sánchez ◽  
Nilton B. Rojas Briceño ◽  
Subhajit Bandopadhyay ◽  
Subhasis Ghosh ◽  
Cristóbal Torres Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
National Service ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Entropy Model ◽  
Probability Of Occurrence ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Population Sizes

The increasing demand for tropical timber from natural forests has reduced the population sizes of native species such as Cedrela spp. because of their high economic value. To prevent the decline of population sizes of the species, all Cedrela species have been incorporated into Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The study presents information about the modeled distribution of the genus Cedrela in Peru that aims to identify potential habitat distribution of the genus, its availability in areas protected by national service of protected areas, and highlighted some areas because of their conservation relevance and the potential need for restoration. We modeled the distribution of the genus Cedrela in Peru using 947 occurrence records that included 10 species (C. odorata, C. montana, C. fissilis, C. longipetiolulata, C. angustifolia, C. nebulosa, C. kuelapensis, C. saltensis, C. weberbaueri, and C. molinensis). We aim to identify areas environmentally suitable for the occurrence of Cedrela that are legally protected by the National Service of Protected Areas (PAs) and those that are ideal for research and restoration projects. We used various environmental variables (19 bioclimatic variables, 3 topographic factors, 9 edaphic factors, solar radiation, and relative humidity) and the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) to predict the probability of occurrence. We observed that 6.7% (86,916.2 km2) of Peru presents a high distribution probability of occurrence of Cedrela, distributed in 17 departments, with 4.4% (10,171.03 km2) of the area protected by PAs mainly under the category of protection forests. Another 11.65% (21,345.16 km2) of distribution covers areas highly prone to degradation, distributed mainly in the departments Ucayali, Loreto, and Madre de Dios, and needs immediate attention for its protection and restoration. We believe that the study will contribute significantly to conserve Cedrela and other endangered species, as well as to promote the sustainable use and management of timber species as a whole.

scholarly journals North American channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus: a neglected but potentially invasive freshwater fish species?

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1563-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip J. Haubrock ◽  
Gordon H. Copp ◽  
Iva Johović ◽  
Paride Balzani ◽  
Alberto F. Inghilesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
North American ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
South Italy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
North And South

AbstractThe North American channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus has been introduced to several locations in Europe but has received little or no scientific study despite its invasive attributes, including prolific reproduction, tolerance to a wide range of conditions, opportunistic feeding, at least partial ‘predator release’, and some evidence of environmental impacts (e.g. disease transmission). To assess the species’ potential invasiveness and the likely risks to native species and ecosystems in Europe, available literature from both North America and Europe was reviewed and used to carry out risk screenings of the species for the risk assessment areas, North and South Italy, using the Aquatic Invasiveness Screening Kit (AS-ISK), which was followed by a more detailed evaluation (for both North America and Europe) of the species’ potential impacts using the Environmental Impact Classification of Alien Taxa (EICAT) assessment protocol. The AS-ISK score indicated that channel catfish is likely to pose a high risk of being invasive in both North and South Italy, with EICAT scores indicating “Major” impacts for both North America and Europe, at high and medium confidence levels, respectively. The present results emphasise the urgent need to carry out in-depth studies on introduced populations of this species to understand better its invasive potential so as to inform management decisions on the appropriate control or eradication measures for invaded water bodies.

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