scholarly journals The Role of Coordinate Systems, Coordinates and Heights in Horizontal Datum Transformations

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Featherstone ◽  
Petr Vanicek
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate Systems

The Role of VLBI in the Establishment of Coordinate Systems

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 293-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Zhongolovitch
Keyword(s):  
General Solution ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Radio Telescopes ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Optical Instruments ◽  
Fundamental Polyhedron

Considering the future development and general solution of the problem under consideration and also the high precision attainable by astronomical observations, the following procedure may be the most rational approach:1. On the main tectonic plates of the Earth’s crust, powerful movable radio telescopes should be mounted at the same points where standard optical instruments are installed. There should be two stations separated by a distance of about 6 to 8000 kilometers on each plate. Thus, we obtain a fundamental polyhedron embracing the whole Earth with about 10 to 12 apexes, and with its sides represented by VLBI.

scholarly journals From cartography of the Universe to molecular cartography – the use of map projections

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Paweł Pędzich
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Map Projection ◽  
Map Projections ◽  
The Universe

Abstract Map projections are very important in the compilation of various types of maps and spatial databases. Geographical information systems provide their users with the significant opportunities in the choice of map projections, coordinate systems, their definitions and transitions between them. The role of map projection can be considered depending on an objective, for which a map has to be used, user of this map and a form of its publication. The Internet, mobile devices and GIS caused that the map projections are used for two main purposes: data visualization and performing of calculations and analyses. The role of map projections is still important, despite the changes occurring in cartography. The rules for the applications of map projections developed over the centuries are still valid. However, the new rules resulting from the new functions of map projections are also created. The aim of this article, that is the author’s overview of map projections, is to illustrate the broad spectrum of applications for the map projections.

scholarly journals Origin and Scale of Coordinate Systems in Satellite Geodesy

1980 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 239-250
Author(s):  
J. B. Zieliński
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Satellite Geodesy ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Scale Problem ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Geocenter Motion

AbstractThe center of mass of the Earth is commonly taken as origin for the coordinate systems used in satellite geodesy. In this paper the notion of the “geocenter” is discussed from the point of view of mechanics and geophysics. It is shown that processes in and above the crust have practically no impact on the position of the geocenter. It is possible however that motions of the inner core may cause variations of the geocenter of the order of 1 m. Nevertheless the geocenter is the best point for the origin of a coordinate system. Mather’s method of monitoring geocenter motion is discussed, and some other possibilities are mentioned. Concerning the scale problem, the role of the constant GM and time measurements in satellite net determinations are briefly discussed.

The Use of Photogrammetry in Integrated Surveys

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Brocklebank
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Survey System ◽  
Canadian Survey

The term, “integrated surveys”, is probably of Canadian origin and was first introduced in the surveying literature of the early 1960’s. Today it has become a slogan that is extensively used but sometimes loosely interpreted. The true concept of an integrated-survey system is clarified in this paper which analyzes the various components, forming such a system, and the role of photogrammetry in them. Current problems in the development of Canadian survey integration are discussed, particularly the need for standardization of coordinate systems.

Three-Dimensional Adjustment of Terrestrial Geodetic Networks

1972 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. J. Fubara
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Geodetic Networks ◽  
Least Squares Adjustment ◽  
Data Requirements ◽  
Real Network Data

This paper shows how terrestrial geodetic networks can be rigorously adjusted in three dimensions. It summarizes investigations about the types of field data and how many of each type are necessary for the adjustment, the role of coordinate systems used, the mathematical models and which methods of least squares adjustment are desirable, and the attainable accuracies of adjusted parameters for chosen precisions of field observations. The trends for optimum design and minimum field data requirements for successful terrestrial three-dimensional adjustment are indicated. The conclusions relied on extensive use of statistical tests. Both simulated and real network data were used.

scholarly journals Role of Conservation Laws in the Development of Nonequilibrium and Emergence of Turbulence

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 7682-7690
Author(s):  
Ludmila Ivanovna Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Equations Of Mathematical Physics ◽  
Physical Quantities ◽  
Numerical And Analytical Methods ◽  
Turbulent Pulsations

It turns out that the equations of mathematical physics, which consist equations of the conservation laws for energy, linear momentum, angular momentum, and mass, possess additional, hidden, properties that enables one to describe not only a variation of physical quantities (such as energy, pressure, density) but also processes such as origination of waves, vortices, turbulent pulsations and other ones. It is caused by the conservation laws properties. In present paper the development of nonequilibrium in gasdynamic systems, which are described by the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations, will be investigated.  Under studying the consistence of conservation laws equations, from the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations it can be obtained the evolutionary relation for entropy (as a state functional).  The evolutionary relation possesses a certain peculiarity, namely, it turns out to be nonidentical. This fact points out to inconsistence of the conservation law equations and noncommutativity of conservation laws. Such a nonidentical relation discloses peculiarities of the solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations due to which the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations can describe the processes the development of nonequilibrium and emergence of vortices and turbulence. It has been shown that such processes can be described only with the help of two nonequivalent coordinate systems or by simultaneous using numerical and analytical methods.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document