Research on the Status and Development of Administrative Services in Local Administration in Bulgaria

The article presents some of the results of a study of the state of administrative services in local administration in Bulgaria. The research is conducted within the framework of research contract № NID NI-2/2019 of UNWE on the topic: Integrated model for administrative services at the local executive administration. The research is of a practical and applied nature and covers the two programming periods of Bulgaria’s membership in the European Union. The results of two independent studies are presented: a study of implemented municipal projects for improvement of administrative services; a survey for establishment of the current state of administrative services at local level. The main problems and challenges for the administrative service in the municipal administration are summarized.

Reproductive geography: Reproducing whiteness?

This dialogue begins with the question of ‘contraction’ and explores how this embodied concept may help expand our thinking on reproductive geographies. Following our interlocutors’ lead, we think with (and against) Jane Bennett and her work on dilation here. We go on to think about these contractions in relation to various ‘contracts’ – not least those forged between researcher and participant. Here we delve into questions of what a ‘non-participatory action research’ contract might look like. We then conclude by taking seriously the following question: why is there still a prevailing whiteness in reproductive geographies?

New Nd-Sr isotope-geochronological evidence of its affinity to the East-Scandinavian Large Igneous Province (The Kandalaksha-Kolvitsa gabbro-anorthosite complex, Russia)

<p>The article provides new Sm-Nd and Nd-Sr isotope-geochronological data on rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Kandalaksha-Kolvitsa gabbro-anorthosite complex.</p><p>The Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr studies have provided data on isotope compositions of neodymium and strontium in rocks of both massifs. The isotope compositions of neodymium (eNd) range from -0.02 in norites of the Kandalaksha massif to -5.53 in lens bodies of gneiss granites of the Kolvitsa massif</p><p>Weakly radiogenic values of eNd = -1.0 – -1.2 dominate, which complies with characteristic values of Paleoproterozoic layered intrusions in Fennoscandia. Isotope compositions of strontium ranging from 0.7013 to 0.7025 also reflect typical values of a Paleoproterozoic igneous province [.</p><p>New data suggest that the Kandalaksha-Kolvitsa gabbro-anorthosite complex is confined to the East-Scandinavian Large Igneous Province with a protracted evolution at the turn of 2.53-2.39 Ga. According to geochronological and isotope Nd-Sr data, rocks of the Kandalaksha-Kolvitsa complex seem to have the same anomalous mantle source with Paleoproterozoic layered intrusions in the Baltic Shield (Fig. 3). The latter include Cu-Ni-Co-Cr+PGE deposits in the Monchegorsk ore area and Pechenga, Cr ores in the Pados massif, Fe-Ti-V Kolvitsa deposit, PGE and Cu-Ni Fedorovo-Pana layered complex  and Burakovsky intrusion, Cu-Ni-Co+PGE deposits in Finland, i.e. Kemi, Penikat, Akanvaara, Kontelainen, Tornio and many other. These deposits formed at two episodes, 2.53-2.39 Ga and 2.0-1.8 Ga, that refer to the beginning of rifting and the late rifting stage of the Fennoscandian Shield evolution, respectively.</p><p>Rocks of these intrusions referred to the pyroxenite-gabbronorite-anorthosite formation have similar isotope-geochemical features:</p><p>1) according to U-Pb and Sm-Nd geochronological data, the formation time span is 2530 to 2380 Ma;</p><p>2) the mantle reservoir feeding magmas that formed the massifs is rich in lithophile elements;  I<sub>Sr</sub> values vary from 0.702 to 0.706, ε<sub>Nd</sub>(T) varies from +2 to -6;</p><p>3) the model Sm-Nd ages of T<sub>DM</sub> protoliths are 2.8-3.3 Ga.</p><p>The scientific research has been carried out in the framework of the State Research Contract of GI KSС RAS No. 0226-2019-0053, RFBR grant No. 18-05-70082 «Arctic’s Resources» and Presidium RAS Program No. 8.</p>

Training and Support for Inclusive Practices: Transformation from Cooperation in Teaching and Learning

In this article, we present the four-year actions carried out at a public school in Meco (Madrid, Spain). Through the research contract (LOU, Art. 83) “Cooperative teaching and learning to respond to the diversity of students”, during the years 2014 and 2018, various actions were carried out by the school in its process of methodological and organizational transformation towards a more inclusive model based on the cooperation of teachers and students. A journey was made from the actions aimed at traditional training through courses and seminars to the accompaniment actions in the classroom to implement the cooperative learning methodology. Results of the actions and analysis of the interviews carried out with teachers participating in the process during the four years of work as well as field observation notes are presented. The results show the transformation and improvement of teaching practices based on inclusion and the cooperative learning methodology. Among the central conclusions, there is evidence of internal improvement in organizational management and inclusive teaching practices from the involvement, support, and continuous training of teachers in educational quality towards students.

Podiform and stratiform chromitite with PGE in Paleoproterozoic (2.1 Ga) Pados-Tundra ultramafic (ophiolite) complex (N-E part of the Fennoscandian Shield, Arctic region)

<p>Pados-Tundra ultramafic complex belong to Serpentinite belt in the northern Fennoscandian Shield and composed of dunite-harzburgite-orthopyroxenite with 7 rhythms and 4 Cr layers. The associated massif named as Malyi Pados are considered as a satellite intrusion (Mamontov, Dokuchaeva, 2005) or dislocated block detached according by (Barkov et al., 2016). Nevertheless the complex includes of Dunite Zone with podiform and stratiform chromitite with Ir subgroup PGE (Ru, Os, Ir – IPGE) and associated with chromian spinel in ophiolite (Joban, 2006). Fiestly unusual microtextures and mineralogical features with clinochlore, laurite and native Ru was found (Barkov et al., 2017).</p><p>Isotope U-Pb data on baddeleyite in core of zircon from mafic gabbronorite rocks of the Malyi Pados gave 2083±7 Ma and are coeval to ages of Cu-Ni Pechenga (1980 Ma) and PGE Bushveld deposits. Notably are measured new U-Pb ages with 2087±3 Ma for baddeleyite and metamorphic rutile with 1804±10 Ma from hornblendite dyke which are cutted ultramafic rocks of the Pados-Tundra complex.</p><p>New Sm-Nd mapping data for the main rocks of the complex are reflected model T<sub>DM</sub> ages of primary protolith from 2.78 Ga to 2.36 Ga and 3.13 Ga for host rock with positive εNd values from +2.7 to +2.1. New Sm-Nd investigations to podiform chromitites of the Pados-Tundra complex are similar to Sopcheozerskoe Cr-deposit (Dunite Block) of the Monchegorsk ore region with positive εNd and young protolith ages about 2.7 Ga for primary magma sources instead of Paleoproterozoic Co-Cu-Ni and PGE layered intrusions of the Fennoscandian Shield with 2.4 Ga to 2.5 Ga for origin and 3.2 - 3.5 Ga of the protolith EM-1 enriched mantle plume reservoir (Bayanova et al., 2009, 2014, 2018). All new U-Pb on baddeleyite and Sm-Nd studies to whole rocks of the Pados-Tundra complex infer about ophiolite (spreading or oceanization of the crust) and presence diamond in podiform chromitites according to new highlights of (Ballhause et al., 2017).</p><p>All investigations are supported by RFBR 18-05-70082 (Arctic resources), 18-35-00152, 18-35-00246, Scientific Research Contract N0.0226-2019-0053 and Program of Presidium RAS 8.48.</p>

The Paleoproterozoic Kandalaksha-Kolvitsa gabbro-anorthosite complex (Fennoscandian Shield): new U-Pb, Sm-Nd and Nd-Sr (ID-TIMS) isotope data on the age of formation, metamorphism and geochemical features of zircon (LA-ICP-MS)

<p>The paper provides new U-Pb, Sm-Nd and Nd-Sr isotope-geochronological data on rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Kandalaksha-Kolvitsa gabbro-anorthosite complex. REE contents in zircons from basic rock varieties of the Kandalaksha-Kolvitsa area have been defined in situ using LA-ICP-MS. Plots of REE distribution have been constructed, confirming the magmatic origin of zircon. Temperatures of zircon crystallization have been estimated, using a Ti-in-zircon geochronometer. For the first time, the U-Pb method with <sup>205</sup>Pb artificial tracer has been applied to date single zircon grains (2448±5 Ma) from metagabbro of the Kolvitsa massif. The U-Pb analysis of zircon from anorthosites of the Kandalaksha massif has dated the early stage of the granulite metamorphism at 2230±10 Ma. The Sm-Nd isotope age has been estimated on metamorphic minerals (apatite, garnet, sulfides) and the rock at 1985±17 Ma (granulite metamorphism) for the Kolvitsa massif, 1887±37 Ma (high-temperature metasomatic transformations) and 1692±71 Ma (regional fluid reworking) for the Kandalaksha massif. The Sm-Nd model age of metagabbro is 3.3 Ga with negative value εNd=4.6, which corresponds either with processes of crustal contamination, or with primary enriched mantle reservoir of primary magmas.</p><p>This research was funded by the Scientific Research Contract of GI KSC RAS No. 0226-2019-0053, grants of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research NoNo. 18-05-70082 «Arctic Resources», 18-35-00246 mol_a, and the Presidium RAS Program No. 8.</p><p> </p>

Emerging spheres of engagement: the role of trust and care in community–university research

Community-engaged research takes place at a complex social site that has both a history and a future as well as encompassing the project activities of the researchers and community members. We argue that a crucial methodological aspect of undertaking such research is the development of trust relationships between researchers and community. We propose that for each research project, this relationship can best be understood as a ‘sphere of engagement’, after Ingold’s ‘sphere of nurture’, and that trust and care are emergent and binding qualities of this sphere. Tracing the development of trust relationships in a case study, using the idea of security-based trust and harmony-based trust, we conclude that trust, and the related concept of care, bind together people, events, histories and futures beyond the dichotomous and time-delimited relationship of a research contract, and carry the sphere of engagement of researchers and community beyond the life of any one project.

The Future of Law Firms (and Lawyers) in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

This article explores the future for lawyers and law firms in the light of the changes that Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) is already bringing to the universe of legal services. Part I briefly describes some of the ways AI is already in use in ordinary life - from facial recognition, through medical diagnosis to translation services. Part II describes how AI is transforming what it means to provide legal services in six primary areas: litigation review; expertise automation; legal research; contract analytics; contract and litigation document generation; and predictive analytics. Part III explores who are the providers of these AI driven legal services - often non-lawyer legal service providers - and how these providers are replacing at least some of what clients have traditionally sought from lawyers. Part III also discusses the implications of all these changes both for the future role of lawyers individually, and in particular what services will clients still need lawyers to perform: judgment, empathy, creativity and adaptability. In turn, this Part examines what will these changes mean for the size, shape, composition and economic model of law firms, as well as the implications of these changes for legal education and lawyer training. Part IV identifies the principal legal, ethical, regulatory and risk management issues raised by the use of AI in the provision of legal services. Finally, in Part V the article considers who will be the likely providers of AI based services other than law firms: legal publishers, major accounting firms and venture capital funded businesses.

Evaluation of Research Accessibility and Data Elements of HIV Registries

Background:: Patient registries represent a long-term data collection system that is a platform for performing multiple research studies to generate real-world evidence. Many of these registries use common data elements (CDEs) and link data from Electronic Health Records. Objective:: This study evaluated HIV registry features that contribute to the registry’s usability for retrospective analysis of existing registry data or new prospective interventional studies. Methods:: We searched PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov (CTG) to generate a list of HIV registries. We used the framework developed by the European Medical Agency (EMA) to evaluate the registries by determining the presence of key research features. These features included information about the registry, request and collaboration processes, and available data. We acquired data dictionaries and identified CDEs. Results: We found 13 HIV registries that met our criteria, 11 through PubMed and 2 through CTG. The prevalence of the evaluated features ranged from all 13 (100%) having published key registry information to 0 having a research contract template. We analyzed 6 data dictionaries and identified 14 CDEs that were present in at least 4 of 6 (66.7%) registry data dictionaries. Conclusion:: The importance of registries as platforms for research data is growing and the presence of certain features, including data dictionaries, contributes to the reuse and secondary research capabilities of a registry. We found some features such as collaboration policies were in the majority of registries while others such as, ethical support, were in a few and are more for future development.

SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION ON KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER IN SOCIAL LEARNING DAYAKNESE BAKATI' RARA IN 3T REGION

In the globalization era, there are various forms of modern life, in Indonesia, especially in Bengkayang. It is still found an isolated and disadvantaged village named Tampe village which is located far from residential city Bengkayang. The research was conducted in Indonesian language, English, technology, and so forth, so the research funded by the Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Diirektorat Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan Kementerian Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi Anggaran 2018 Research Contract no. 115 / SP2H / LT / DRPM / 2018 using grounded theory method, a method that greatly influences sociological perspectives on human activities in terms of talking and communicating. The data collecting was conducted by observing three children of Dayaknese Bakati’ Rara 11-14 years old. They are 5th grader at SDN 15 Tampe Atas. The results of this study have been used as a language for childhood. However, it is known that these three children are unfavorable influences on knowledge transfer in social learning.