A relativistic approach to modelling dynamic systems involving human factors†

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUY JUMARIE
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Relativistic Approach

Fatigue

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Keane
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Performance Strategies

Fatigue can significantly impair healthcare providers, potentially increasing the possibility of an adverse event. The study of fatigue incorporates concepts from neuroscience, dynamic systems, human factors, and risk management, and relates these elements to circumstances faced by all healthcare professionals. An understanding of the circadian rhythm can help physicians and administrators to develop shift strategies that mitigate the effects of fatigue on human performance. Strategies such as duty-hour limits, “power naps,” and judicious use of caffeine can all help providers who must work at night or during extended shifts.

scholarly journals INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO THE HUMAN FACTOR PROBLEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (156) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
G. Mygal ◽  
V. Mygal
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Human Factor Engineering ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
Machine Interaction

Modern complex dynamic systems (transport, environmental, energy) contain a huge number of elements, which leads to many interactions between them. The consequence of this is an increase in the manifestation of the human factor in accidents and disasters. The developers of dynamic systems are little aware of the risks posed by the information and cognitive aspects of human-machine interaction. Engineering training takes place in a cer-tain separation from the human factor, does not contribute to the development of intuition, creative and critical thinking. Therefore, it is important to update the relations between disciplines on a multidisciplinary basis. When learning in the design of dynamic systems, it is necessary to take into account the risks that arise in unpredictable conditions, as well as special requirements for the psychophysiological state of a person and his admission to the performance of especially responsible work. The functioning of complex dynamic systems depends on the individ-ual characteristics of a person’s creative and critical thinking as their main element, which are formed during learning. Therefore, the human factors engineering focuses on how systems work in real conditions, with people who make mistakes. The information and cognitive aspects of human factor engineering play a key role in the safe-ty, reliability and efficiency of dynamic systems. For this, in the discipline "Human factors engineering" a unique combination of three basic ergonomic characteristics is implemented: (1) it uses the principles of a systematic ap-proach, (2) it focuses on the design of interactions and (3) it focuses on solving three closely related problems of physical, functional and information security. All this allows optimizing man-machine interaction even at the stage of designing dynamic systems. Therefore, the introduction of "Human factor engineering" will create the necessary basis for improving the quality of training of engineering specialists. Keywords: human factor, cognitive ergonomics, complex dynamic systems, human factors engineering, criti-cal thinking, structural patterns.

scholarly journals КОГНІТИВНІ ТА ЕРГОНОМІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ЛЮДИНИ З КОМП’ЮТЕРОМ

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Галина Валеріївна Мигаль ◽  
Валерій Павлович Мигаль
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Cognitive Ergonomics ◽  
Psychophysiological State ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to little-studied aspects of human-computer interaction, which determines the behavior of a complex dynamic system in extreme conditions. The viability of its elements, including humans, is influenced by a variety of environmental stress factors and activities. Their combination can lead to unpredictable technical failures and psychophysiological breakdowns, as well as to systemic management problems. The main goal of this work is to justify the need to actualize the study of the extreme principles of physics and their use in the interdisciplinary "Engineering of human factors", as well as in special courses in engineering and technology.An analysis of the methods of system dynamics, synergetics, and cognitive ergonomics indicates that the source of most problems of digitalization of dynamic systems, on the one hand, is an increase in the diversity in the methods of processing information flows, types of visualization and methods of their analysis, and on the other, the variability of psychophysiological capabilities restrictions and cognitive perception by a human operator, (designer, etc.) the variety of information on the basis of which system decisions are made. It is proposed to expand interdisciplinary connections related to the extreme principles of dynamics (electrodynamics, thermodynamics, optics, and others), integrative indicators of orderliness, energy balance, and the entropy criteria of dynamic stability. It is proposed to expand the knowledge base by transforming the dynamics of digitizing information flows of various nature into structural patterns of the cognitive space of probable events. Its use in the engineering of human factors allows a) to develop an intellectual learning support system; b) apply an interdisciplinary convergent methodology in training. All this will contribute to a more effective interaction between the student and the computer and the development of his critical thinking and intuition, and will increase the ergonomic quality of dynamic systems even at the design stage. Attention is drawn to the influence of the psychophysiological state of a person on the cognitive perception of information flows of various nature, as well as on cognitive bias in making systemic decisions. Therefore, an interdisciplinary view of the possibilities and limitations of human-computer (machine) interaction under the influence of stress factors of the environment and activity is very important at all stages of the graduate design of computer systems.

Phase behavior of cationic and anionic surfactants at low concentrations

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 694-695
Author(s):  
E. Naranjo
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Intermolecular Forces ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Surfactant Mixtures ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Cationic And Anionic Surfactants ◽  
General Method

Equilibrium vesicles, those which are the stable form of aggregation and form spontaneously on mixing surfactant with water, have never been demonstrated in single component bilayers and only rarely in lipid or surfactant mixtures. Designing a simple and general method for producing spontaneous and stable vesicles depends on a better understanding of the thermodynamics of aggregation, the interplay of intermolecular forces in surfactants, and an efficient way of doing structural characterization in dynamic systems.

Improving Feeding Outcomes in the NICU: Moving From Volume-Driven to Infant-Driven Feeding

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine S. Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dynamic Systems Theory ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants

Current research on feeding outcomes after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) suggests a need to critically look at the early underpinnings of persistent feeding problems in extremely preterm infants. Concepts of dynamic systems theory and sensitive care-giving are used to describe the specialized needs of this fragile population related to the emergence of safe and successful feeding and swallowing. Focusing on the infant as a co-regulatory partner and embracing a framework of an infant-driven, versus volume-driven, feeding approach are highlighted as best supporting the preterm infant's developmental strivings and long-term well-being.

A Dynamic Systems Approach to Personality

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Pervin
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Dynamic View ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

David Magnusson has been the most articulate spokesperson for a holistic, systems approach to personality. This paper considers three concepts relevant to a dynamic systems approach to personality: dynamics, systems, and levels. Some of the history of a dynamic view is traced, leading to an emphasis on the need for stressing the interplay among goals. Concepts such as multidetermination, equipotentiality, and equifinality are shown to be important aspects of a systems approach. Finally, attention is drawn to the question of levels of description, analysis, and explanation in a theory of personality. The importance of the issue is emphasized in relation to recent advances in our understanding of biological processes. Integrating such advances into a theory of personality while avoiding the danger of reductionism is a challenge for the future.

An Application of the HFACS Method to Aviation Accidents in Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Munene
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Aviation Accidents ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Decision Errors

Abstract. The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) methodology was applied to accident reports from three African countries: Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa. In all, 55 of 72 finalized reports for accidents occurring between 2000 and 2014 were analyzed. In most of the accidents, one or more human factors contributed to the accident. Skill-based errors (56.4%), the physical environment (36.4%), and violations (20%) were the most common causal factors in the accidents. Decision errors comprised 18.2%, while perceptual errors and crew resource management accounted for 10.9%. The results were consistent with previous industry observations: Over 70% of aviation accidents have human factor causes. Adverse weather was seen to be a common secondary casual factor. Changes in flight training and risk management methods may alleviate the high number of accidents in Africa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document