Fungi associated with leaf spots and post-harvest fruit rots of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) in New Zealand

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) causes bacterial canker of kiwifruit, which is an ongoing threat to New Zealand kiwifruit production. Disease control depends on orchard practices such as removal of visibly diseased material, pruning during low-risk periods, and the application of foliar bactericides. Although the use of copper compounds on Actinidia species (kiwifruit) can cause phytotoxicity, copper-based formulations remain a key component of Psa control in New Zealand. The effect of single copper applications on Psa infection of ‘Hort16A’ trap plants was studied over the Spring of 2014 (Sept—Nov). Psa leaf spots were observed at the beginning of October, appearing first on the untreated plants. Although the copper sprays did not achieve complete protection, particularly as the inoculum built up during November, the copper-sprayed plants always had less disease than the untreated plants.

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Cochliobolus eragrostidis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria ◽

10.1079/dfb/20056401002 ◽

1990 ◽

Author(s):

A. Sivanesan

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Hong Kong ◽

New Zealand ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Sierra Leone ◽

Papua New Guinea ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Solomon Islands ◽

New Guinea ◽

Leaf Spots

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus eragrostidis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acacia, Agave, Allium, Alysicarpus, Amorphophallus, Anacardium, Arachis, Areca, Billbergia, Calamus, Callitris, Calotropis, Camellia, Cananga, Capsicum, Citrullus, Citrus, Clerodendron, Cocos, Coffea, Colocasia, Cymbopogon, Dendrobium, Digitaria, Dioscorea, Dracaena, Durio, Elaeis, Eragrostis, Eucalyptus, Euphorbia, Furcraea, Gladiolus, Glycine, Gossypium, Heliconia, Hevea, Hystrix, Ipomoea, Kaempferia, Lycopersicon, Mangifera, Manihot, Mystroxylon, Musa, Neyraudia, Oldenlandia, Opuntia, Oryza, Panicum, Pennisetum, Pentas, Phalaenopsis, Phaseolus, Pinus, Polygala, Pueraria, Raphia, Raphanus, Rhodomyrtus, Rhoeo, Rottboellia, Saccharum, Sesamum, Sorghum, Spinacia, Sporobolus, Stylosanthes, Theobroma, Thrasya, Tradescantia, Trichosanthes, Triplochiton, Triticum, Vanda, Vigna, Zea, Zingiber and soil. DISEASE: Leaf spots. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Bangladesh, Belize, Brazil, Brunei, Burma, Colombia, Cuba, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Trinidad, USA, Zambia, Zaire. TRANSMISSION: By wind-borne conidia.

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Mycosphaerella cryptica. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria ◽

10.1079/dfb/20056401231 ◽

1995 ◽

Author(s):

P. W. Crous

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Leaf Spots ◽

Leaf Drop ◽

Ascospore Release

Abstract A description is provided for Mycosphaerella cryptica. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Eucalyptus agglomerata, E. baxteri, E. bicostata, E. blakelyi, E. bosistoana, E. botryoides, E. bridgesiana, E. brookeriana, E. camaldulensis, E. camphora, E. cladocalyx, E. consideniana, E. cypellocarpa, E. dalrympleana, E. delegatensis, E. dendromorpha, E. diversicolor, E. dives, E. dunnii, E. elata, E. fastigata, E. fraxinoides, E. globoidea, E. globulus, E. gomphocephala, E. haemastoma, E. goniocalyx, E. gunnii, E. macrorhyncha, E. marginata, E. melliodora, E. micrantha, E. microcorys, E. muellerana, E. nitens, E. nitida, E. obliqua, E. ovata, E. pauciflora, E. phaeotricha, E. polyanthemos, E. quadrangulata, E. radiata, E. regnans, E. saligna, E. sideroxylon, E. sieberi, E. smithii, E. tereticornis, E. viminalis (61, 7183). DISEASE: Leaf spots, cankers on shoots, twigs and petioles, causing leaf drop and twig die-back of Eucalyptus. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: Pseudothecia require humidities reaching saturation for ascospore release. Spores are wind-borne (61, 7182).

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First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Alternaria alternata on Kiwifruit in Italy

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.1999.83.5.487d ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

pp. 487-487 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

L. Corazza ◽

L. Luongo ◽

M. Parisi

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Alternaria Alternata ◽

Leaf Spot ◽

Southern Italy ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Potato Dextrose Agar ◽

First Report ◽

Leaf Spots ◽

Detached Leaves ◽

Pathogenicity Tests

A leaf spot of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C. F. Liang & A. R. Ferg.) leaves was recently observed on plants of the cultivar Hayward in an orchard near Salerno, in southern Italy. The affected plants showed early severe defoliation. The fungus isolated from the infected leaves was identified as Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl., based on conidial morphological characteristics. Pathogenicity tests were made by inoculating detached leaves of male pollinator cultivar Tomuri and the female cultivars Hayward and Bruno with a 7-mm disk taken from actively growing cultures of the fungus on potato dextrose agar (PDA). After 14 days, necrotic leaf spots developed and A. alternata was consistently isolated from the inoculated leaves. A. alternata has been observed as a pathogen on leaves and fruits in New Zealand. In the Mediterranean, it has been reported in Israel (2) and in the island of Crete (1). This is the first report of Alternaria leaf spot on kiwifruit in Italy. References: (1) V. A. Bourbos and M. T. Skoudridakis. Petria 7:111, 1997. (2) A. Sive and D. Resnizky. Alon Hanotea 41:409, 1987.

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Drechslera nobleae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria ◽

10.1079/dfb/20056400890 ◽

1986 ◽

Author(s):

A. Sivanesan

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Great Britain ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Rye Grass ◽

Leaf Spots

Abstract A description is provided for Drechslera nobleae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Lolium and certain interspecific hybrids of Lolium. DISEASE: Leaf spots, yellowing and die-back of rye grass. Also seed-borne. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Great Britain, New Zealand, USA. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne conidia.

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Identification of in situ flower volatiles from kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa) cultivars and their male pollenisers in a New Zealand orchard

Phytochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.05.011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 141 ◽

pp. 61-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Andrew M. Twidle ◽

David M. Suckling ◽

Alan G. Seal ◽

Bruno Fedrizzi ◽

Lisa I. Pilkington ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Actinidia Chinensis ◽

Flower Volatiles

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Draft Genome Sequences of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. actinidiae ICMP 19971 and ICMP 19972, Two Strains Isolated from Actinidia chinensis with Symptoms of Summer Canker in South Korea

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.00104-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (14) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sandra B. Visnovsky ◽

Preetinanda Panda ◽

Robert Taylor ◽

Andrew R. Pitman

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

South Korea ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Causal Agent ◽

Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽

Actinidia Chinensis ◽

Genome Sequences ◽

Genetic Traits ◽

Content Type ◽

Carotovorum Subsp

ABSTRACT Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. actinidiae is the causal agent of summer canker in kiwifruit plants in South Korea. We report here the draft genome sequences of two P. carotovorum subsp. actinidiae strains, ICMP 19971 and ICMP 19972, which were originally isolated from Actinidia chinensis with symptoms of summer canker. These genome sequences will aid in the identification of genetic traits associated with their unusual capacity to cause canker and help understanding of the threat these exotic enterobacteria pose to the New Zealand kiwifruit industry.

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