scholarly journals The brokerage roles of city-regions in global corporate networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Thomas Sigler ◽  
Zachary P. Neal ◽  
Kirsten Martinus
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Networks ◽  
City Regions

scholarly journals The Brokerage Roles of City-Regions in Global Corporate Networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Sigler ◽  
Zachary Neal ◽  
Kirsten Martinus
Keyword(s):  
Economic Advantage ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Structural Holes ◽  
Corporate Networks ◽  
Network Position ◽  
City Regions ◽  
Corporate Network ◽  
Firm Networks

Brokerage is an increasingly relevant function of city-regions within diverse economic network structures. In this paper, we identify cities whose brokerage roles are defined by their network positionality within the global corporate network using linkages between headquarters and subsidiary locations. Applying Gould and Fernandez’s framework of five potential brokerage types, we supplement understandings of brokerage as a network position by unpacking the diversity of forms brokerage assumes as a process. City-regions are conferred economic advantage through their brokerage roles that close structural holes in inter-urban firm networks resulting from a range of domestic and international brokerage roles.

DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING OF AUDIO INFORMATION IN CORPORATE NETWORKS BASED ON IP TELEPHONY

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (18) ◽  
pp. 1653-1660
Author(s):  
Rasim Magamed ogly Alguliev ◽  
B. S. Agaev ◽  
T. Kh. Fataliev ◽  
T. S. Aliev
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Processing ◽  
Ip Telephony ◽  
Corporate Networks ◽  
Audio Information

City-region governance in transitional contexts: the case of the BRICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Philip Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Extended Period ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
City Region ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Path Dependencies ◽  
City Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Abstract The bulk of the scholarly literature on city-regions and their governance is drawn from contexts where economic and political systems have been stable over an extended period. However, many parts of the world, including all countries in the BRICS, have experienced far-reaching national transformations in the recent past in economic and/or political systems. The national transitions are complex, with a mix of continuity and rupture, while their translation into the scale of the city-region is often indirect. But, these transitions have been significant for the city-region, providing a period of opportunity and institutional fluidity. Studies of the BRICS show that outcomes of transitions are varied but that there are junctures of productive comparison including the ways in which the nature of the transitions create new path dependencies, and way in which interests across territorial scales soon consolidate, producing new rigidities in city-region governance.

Computers and Society

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Baecker
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Inclusion ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Corporate Networks ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
Computers And Society

The last century has seen enormous leaps in the development of digital technologies, and most aspects of modern life have changed significantly with their widespread availability and use. Technology at various scales - supercomputers, corporate networks, desktop and laptop computers, the internet, tablets, mobile phones, and processors that are hidden in everyday devices and are so small you can barely see them with the naked eye - all pervade our world in a major way. Computers and Society: Modern Perspectives is a wide-ranging and comprehensive textbook that critically assesses the global technical achievements in digital technologies and how are they are applied in media; education and learning; medicine and health; free speech, democracy, and government; and war and peace. Ronald M. Baecker reviews critical ethical issues raised by computers, such as digital inclusion, security, safety, privacy,automation, and work, and discusses social, political, and ethical controversies and choices now faced by society. Particular attention is paid to new and exciting developments in artificial intelligence and machine learning, and the issues that have arisen from our complex relationship with AI.

scholarly journals Determinants of urban sprawl in Latin America: evidence from Santiago de Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Silva ◽  
Francisco Vergara-Perucich
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Policy Context ◽  
Santiago De Chile ◽  
City Regions ◽  
Policy Frameworks ◽  
Social And Environmental Impacts

AbstractUrban sprawl has been widely discussed in regard of its economic, political, social and environmental impacts. Consequently, several planning policies have been placed to stop—or at least restrain—sprawling development. However, most of these policies have not been successful at all as anti-sprawl policies partially address only a few determinants of a multifaceted phenomenon. This includes processes of extended suburbanisation, peri-urbanisation and transformation of fringe/belt areas of city-regions. Using as a case study the capital city of Chile—Santiago—thirteen determinants of urban sprawl are identified as interlinked at the point of defining Santiago's sprawling geography as a distinctive space that deserves planning and policy approaches in its own right. Unpacking these determinants and the policy context within which they operate is important to better inform the design and implementation of more comprehensive policy frameworks to manage urban sprawl and its impacts.

scholarly journals Key Challenges for Land Use Planning and Its Environmental Assessments in the Abuja City-Region, Nigeria

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Evidence Chinedu Enoguanbhor ◽  
Florian Gollnow ◽  
Blake Byron Walker ◽  
Jonas Ostergaard Nielsen ◽  
Tobia Lakes
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Environmental Assessments ◽  
City Regions ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Land Cover Maps

Land use planning as strategic instruments to guide urban dynamics faces particular challenges in the Global South, including Sub-Saharan Africa, where urgent interventions are required to improve urban and environmental sustainability. This study investigated and identified key challenges of land use planning and its environmental assessments to improve the urban and environmental sustainability of city-regions. In doing so, we combined expert interviews and questionnaires with spatial analyses of urban and regional land use plans, as well as current and future urban land cover maps derived from Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing. By overlaying and contrasting land use plans and land cover maps, we investigated spatial inconsistencies between urban and regional plans and the associated urban land dynamics and used expert surveys to identify the causes of such inconsistencies. We furthermore identified and interrogated key challenges facing land use planning, including its environmental assessment procedures, and explored means for overcoming these barriers to rapid, yet environmentally sound urban growth. The results illuminated multiple inconsistencies (e.g., spatial conflicts) between urban and regional plans, most prominently stemming from conflicts in administrative boundaries and a lack of interdepartmental coordination. Key findings identified a lack of Strategic Environmental Assessment and inadequate implementation of land use plans caused by e.g., insufficient funding, lack of political will, political interference, corruption as challenges facing land use planning strategies for urban and environmental sustainability. The baseline information provided in this study is crucial to improve strategic planning and urban/environmental sustainability of city-regions in Sub-Saharan Africa and across the Global South, where land use planning faces similar challenges to address haphazard urban expansion patterns.

scholarly journals Understanding Drivers of COVID-19 Racial Disparities: A Population-Level Analysis of COVID-19 Testing among Black and White Populations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaloke Mody ◽  
Kristin Pfeifauf ◽  
Cory Bradley ◽  
Branson Fox ◽  
Matifadza G Hlatshwayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kansas City ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Black And White ◽  
City Regions ◽  
Black Residents ◽  
Black Populations ◽  
The Lorenz Curve ◽  
Senior Services

Abstract Background Disparities in COVID-19 testing—the pandemic’s most critical but limited resource—may be an important but modifiable driver of COVID-19 inequities. Methods We analyzed data from the Missouri State Department Health and Senior Services on all COVID-19 tests conducted in the St. Louis and Kansas City regions. We adapted a well-established tool for measuring inequity—the Lorenz curve—to compare COVID-19 testing rates per diagnosed case among Black and White populations. Results Between 3/14/2020 and 9/15/2020, 606,725 and 328,204 COVID-19 tests were conducted in the St. Louis and Kansas City regions, respectively. Over time, Black individuals consistently had approximately half the rate of testing per case compared to White individuals. In the early period (3/14/2020 to 6/15/2020), zip codes in the lowest quartile of testing rates accounted for only 12.1% and 8.8% of all tests in the St. Louis and Kansas City regions, respectively, even though they accounted for 25% of all cases each region. These zip codes had higher proportions of residents who were Black, without insurance, and with lower median incomes. These disparities were reduced but still persisted during later phases of the pandemic (6/16/2020 to 9/15/2020). Lastly, even within the same zip code, Black residents had lower rates of tests per case compared to White residents. Conclusions Black populations had consistently lower COVID-19 testing rates per diagnosed case compared to White populations in two Missouri regions. Public health strategies should proactively focus on addressing equity gaps in COVID-19 testing to improve equity of the overall response.

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