Changes in the metabolic profiles of dairy cows before and after calving that were mainly fed fodder beet (Beta vulgaris vulgaris L.) during the dry period

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-358
Author(s):  
R Nortjé ◽  
RA Laven ◽  
B Allott ◽  
AG Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Before And After

Changes in lying behaviour and activity during the peri-parturient period in primiparous and multiparous Holstein dairy cows

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 100-100
Author(s):  
S Bowe ◽  
N Blackie ◽  
E C L Bleach
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Social Grouping ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

The peri-parturient period is unsettling for dairy cows as they move from the dry period, through parturition, cow-calf separation and into the milking herd. The changes in physiological state, environment and social grouping through this period are likely to be particularly manifest in primiparous cows. Lactating dairy cows may be expected to spend up to 13.8 hours/day lying (Tucker and Weary, 2007), this has been shown to alter through the peri-parturient period (Huzzey et al (2005). The mean lying time for healthy cows at this farm was 11 hours day (Blackie et al, 2008).The aim of the present study was to assess the changes in activity levels of first parity cows before and after calving as compared to their multiparous herd mates.

scholarly journals Chewing and Drinking Activity during Transition Period and Lactation in Dairy Cows Fed Partial Mixed Rations

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria Brandstetter ◽  
Viktoria Neubauer ◽  
Elke Humer ◽  
Iris Kröger ◽  
Qendrim Zebeli
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Eating Time ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chewing Activity

Dairy cows need sufficient physically effective fibre (peNDF) in their diet to induce chewing with the latter stimulating salivation and maintaining rumen health. Thus, monitoring of chewing activity can be a non-invasive tool to assess fibre adequacy, and thus helping in the optimization of the diet. The objective of this study was to investigate and compare chewing activities of cows during transition period and in the course of lactation. Simmental dairy cows, in four different production groups such as dry period (from 8 to 6 weeks ante-calving), calving (24 h before and after calving), early-lactation (7–60 days in milk), and mid-lactation (60–120 days in milk) were used in the study. Cows were fed partial mixed rations supplemented with different amounts of concentrates. The chewing and drinking activity were recorded using rumination-halters (RumiWatch System, Itin+Hoch GmbH, Liestal, Switzerland). Feed data analysis showed that the peNDF content of the partial mixed ration (PMR) was highest during dry period, decreased around parturition, reaching the nadir in the lactation, in all cases, however, exceeding the peNDF requirements. Chewing data analysis showed that rumination time decreased (p < 0.05) in the time around parturition (from 460 min/d during dry period to 363 min/d 24 h before calving) and increased again in early-lactation (505 min/d), reaching a maximum in mid-lactation (515 min/d). Eating time was lowest for cows during early-lactation (342 min/d) and the highest for those in mid-lactation (462 min/d). Moreover, early-lactation cows spent less time (p < 0.05) drinking (8 min/d) compared to other groups (e.g., 24 min/d the day before calving and 20 min/d postpartum). Monitoring of chewing activity might be a useful tool to assess rumen disorder risks and welfare of the cows during the transition period. It further shows promising results to be used as a tool to identify cows that are shortly before calving.

Effects of dry period length on milk yield and content and metabolic status of high-producing dairy cows under heat stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Boustan ◽  
V. Vahedi ◽  
M. Abdi Farab ◽  
H. Karami ◽  
R. Seyedsharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Period Length ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Dry Period

Crop growth and development dynamics of two fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars sown on different dates in New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith N. Khaembah ◽  
Shane Maley ◽  
Mike George ◽  
Emmanuel Chakwizira ◽  
John de Ruiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Crop Growth And Development

scholarly journals Effect of increasing digestible undegraded protein supply to dairy cows in late gestation on the yield and composition of milk during the subsequent lactation

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Moorby ◽  
R. J. Dewhurst ◽  
S. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Protein Pool ◽  
Ad Libitum

AbstractEffects of feeding a protein supplement to dairy cows during the dry period on performance during the following lactation were investigated in two experiments. Holstein-Friesian cows were paired towards the end of lactation, and, after drying off, one of each pair received a typical dry cow management regime of ad libitum grass silage (experiment 1), or a mix of grass silage and distillers' grains or pressed beet pulp (experiment 2). The other cows were offered restricted access to the same basal diet, together with ad libitum access to barley straw and 0·5 kg/day high protein maize gluten meal. During the following lactation, animals from both groups were treated without reference to dry period treatment, and were offered equal access to the same lactation diet. Data were analysed by analysis of variance of experiment means and by parallel curve analysis using sample means. In experiment 1, milk yields were similar (27·2 v. 27·9 (s.e.d. 2·12) kg/day for control and supplemented animals respectively) but milk protein yields, and hence concentrations, were significantly higher (P < 0·001) from supplemented animals (28·9 v. 31·8 (s.e.d. 0·58) g/kg). In experiment 2, milk yields were significantly higher (P < 0·001) from supplemented animals (mean 33·3 v. 35·4 (s.e.d. 1·66) kg/day; however, milk protein yields were also significantly increased (P < 0·001) and the change in milk protein concentration was small. No difference in dry-matter intake was recorded in a subset of animals during early lactation in experiment 2. It is hypothesized that the maternal labile body protein pool was maintained or replenished during the dry period by the provision of the protein supplement, and that this had a significant effect on subsequent lactation performance.

Effects of 2 intramammary antimicrobial formulations on control of mastitis during the dry-period and performance of dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 635-640
Author(s):  
Ahmadreza Mirzaei ◽  
Elizabeth A. Cox ◽  
Scott T. Kieser ◽  
Barbara Petersen ◽  
Todd R. Bilby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory treatments in calving dairy cows: effects on haematological and metabolic profiles

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (sup2) ◽  
pp. 203-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Trevisi ◽  
A. Ferrari ◽  
I. Archetti ◽  
G. Bertoni
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals CD49f+ mammary epithelial cells decrease in milk from dairy cows stressed by overstocking during the dry period

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Baratta ◽  
Silvia Miretti ◽  
Paolo Accornero ◽  
Giovanna Galeati ◽  
Andrea Formigoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Cytokeratin 18 ◽  
Cell Subpopulations

The work reported in this Research Communication describes the modification in epithelial cell populations during the first and the last month of milking in Holstein Friesian cows that have undergone different management during the dry period, and we report the differential expression of CD49f+ and cytokeratin18+ cell subpopulations. Twenty six cows were randomly divided into 2 balanced groups that were housed at stocking density of either 11 m2 (CTR) or 5 m2 from 21 ± 3 d before the expected calving until calving. Cells collected from milk samples taken in early lactation and late lactation were directly analysed for CD45, CD49f, cytokeratin 14, cytokeratin 18 and cell viability. We observed a differential expression with a significant reduction in CD49f+ (P < 0·01) and cytokeratin 18+ (P < 0·05) cells in early lactation. Differences were still evident in late lactation but were not significant. These observations suggest that mammary epithelial cell immunophenotypes could be associated with different animal management in the dry period and we hypothesise they may have a role as biomarkers for mammary gland function in dairy cows.

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