Iatrogenic implantation of placental tissue after first trimester dilatation and curettage presenting as a uterine mass: A report of two cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-803
Author(s):  
Nazlı Topfedaisi Özkan ◽  
Mustafa Erkan Sarı ◽  
Ümit Görkem ◽  
Hatice Bayramoğlu ◽  
Serap Akbay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placental Tissue ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Dilatation And Curettage ◽  
Iatrogenic Implantation

Effect of glucose and oxygen deprivation on heme oxygenase expression in human chorionic villi explants and immortalized trophoblast cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (6) ◽  
pp. R1453-R1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Appleton ◽  
G. E. Lash ◽  
G. S. Marks ◽  
K. Nakatsu ◽  
J. F. Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Trophoblast Cells ◽  
Chorionic Villi ◽  
Low Glucose

Although hypoxia induces heme oxygenase (HO)-1 mRNA and protein expression in many cell types, recent studies in our laboratory using human placental tissue have shown that a preexposure to hypoxia does not affect subsequent HO enzymatic activity for optimized assay conditions (20% O2; 0.5 mM NADPH; 25 μM methemalbumin) or HO-1 protein content. One of the consequences of impaired blood flow is glucose deprivation, which has been shown to be an inducer of HO-1 expression in HepG2 hepatoma cells. The objective of the present study was to test the effects of a 24-h preexposure to glucose-deprived medium, in 0.5 or 20% O2, on HO protein content and enzymatic activity in isolated chorionic villi and immortalized HTR-8/SVneo first-trimester trophoblast cells. HO protein content was determined by Western blot analysis, and microsomal HO enzymatic activity was measured by assessment of the rate of CO formation. HO enzymatic activity was increased ( P < 0.05) in both placental models after 24-h preexposure to glucose-deficient medium in 0.5 or 20% O2. Preexposure (24 h) in a combination of low O2 and low glucose concentrations decreased the protein content of the HO-1 isoform by 59.6% ( P < 0.05), whereas preexposure (24 h) to low glucose concentration alone increased HO-2 content by 28.2% in chorionic villi explants ( P < 0.05). In this preparation, HO enzymatic activity correlated with HO-2 protein content ( r = 0.825). However, there was no correlation between HO-2 protein content and HO enzymatic activity in HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells preexposed to 0.5% O2 and low glucose concentration for 24 h. These findings indicate that the regulation of HO expression in the human placenta is a complex process that depends, at least in part, on local glucose and oxygen concentrations.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of misoprostol for induction of first and early second trimester spontaneous miscarriages in parous women

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4512
Author(s):  
Tamima Al-Dughaishi ◽  
Amjad Hamed Al-Haddabi ◽  
Mussab Mussab Mubarak Hamed Al-Jabri ◽  
Vaidyanathan Gowri
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Sultan Qaboos University ◽  
Dilatation And Curettage ◽  
Dilation And Curettage ◽  
Medical Termination ◽  
Surgical Evacuation ◽  
Incomplete Miscarriage

Background: Medical termination of missed miscarriage and incomplete miscarriage with misoprostol, are an alternative to surgical evacuation (dilatation and curettage). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of misoprostol in highly parous woman for incomplete and missed miscarriage.Methods: This was a retrospective study was conducted in two different time lines (2010 and 2014). All patients admitted to the Sultan Qaboos University hospital, Muscat, Oman, for the management of first-trimester miscarriages (missed and incomplete types) during the study period were included. Some women were moved to dilation and curettage even after misoprostol. The effect of gravidity and parity on those women in whom misoprostol was not effective was studied.Results: The overall success rate of misoprostol for the management was 62.14% in 2010 and 53.8% 2014. In nulliparous woman the success rate of misoprostol was slightly higher than parous women. There was no apparent effect of gravidity and parity of ≥ 5 or ≥ 5 on the success of misoprostol.Conclusions: Misoprostol reduced the rate of surgical evacuation among the study subjects. In highly parous and multigravid women (≥ para 5 and gravida ≥5) the success was not significantly different compared to less parous women.

scholarly journals Intraoperative Blood Loss during Induced Abortion: A Comparison of Anesthetics

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Camille A. Clare ◽  
Gabrielle E. Hatton ◽  
Neela Shrestha ◽  
Michael Girshin ◽  
Andre Broumas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Anesthetic Technique ◽  
Anesthetic Techniques ◽  
Intraoperative Blood Loss ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Dilatation And Curettage ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective. To determine whether there is a difference in intraoperative bleeding with inhalational versus noninhalational anesthetic agents for patients undergoing suction dilatation and curettage for first-trimester induced abortion.Methods. This is an IRB-approved retrospective chart review of the electronic medical records of patients undergoing induced abortion at gestational ages between 5 0/7 and 14 0/7 weeks of pregnancy at the New York City Health + Hospitals/Metropolitan. The records of 138 patients who underwent suction dilatation and curettage for induced abortion between June 2012 and June 2014 were reviewed for an association between anesthetic technique and intraoperative hemorrhage. Twenty patients received inhalational anesthetic agents, while 118 received intravenous anesthetics. Blood loss was estimated by the operating gynecologists.Results. The mean intraoperative blood loss for inhalational anesthetics (113.6 ml) was significantly higher than with noninhalational agents (40.2 ml) (p=0.007). Age, body mass index, and gestational age were not statistically different between the groups; the number of methylergonovine doses at induced abortion trended higher with inhalation anesthetics.Conclusions. The difference in blood loss between the two types of anesthetic techniques was statistically significant. These findings may be important for patients with significant anemia or at an increased risk of bleeding, such as those with unrecognized coagulopathies.

scholarly journals Detection of Chromosome 21-encoded mRNA of Placental Origin in Maternal Plasma

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1445-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cees B M Oudejans ◽  
Attie T J J Go ◽  
Allerdien Visser ◽  
Monique A M Mulders ◽  
Bart A Westerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Rna Isolation ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Chromosome 21 ◽  
Placental Lactogen ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Human Placental Lactogen ◽  
Dnase Treatment

Abstract Background: mRNA of placental origin (i.e., human placental lactogen and β-human chorionic gonadotropin) has been demonstrated to be easily detectable in maternal plasma. We tested whether detection of chromosome 21-encoded mRNA of placental origin is possible in maternal plasma obtained during the first trimester. Methods: Plasma samples were obtained from pregnant women between weeks 9–13 of pregnancy. RNA was isolated from 800 or 1600 μL of plasma by silica-based affinity isolation and, after on-column DNase treatment, was subjected to two-step, one-tube reverse transcription-PCR with gene specific primers. Results: Three chromosome 21-encoded genes located within the Down syndrome critical region with overexpression in trisomy 21 placentas were screened for expression in early placental tissue to select their potential use for RNA based plasma screening. One of the chromosome 21-encoded genes (LOC90625) showed strong expression in first trimester placenta similar to CSH1 (human placental lactogen) and was selected for plasma analysis. The RNA isolation assay was validated with CSH1 mRNA, which could be detected in the plasma of all women tested in weeks 9–13 of pregnancy. RNA from the chromosome 21-encoded, placentally expressed gene, LOC90625, was present in maternal first-trimester plasma and could be detected in 60% of maternal plasma samples when 800 μL of plasma was used and in 100% of samples when 1600 μL of plasma was used. Conclusion: The detection of chromosome 21-encoded mRNA of placental origin in maternal plasma during the first trimester may allow development of plasma-RNA-based strategies for prenatal prediction of Down syndrome. LOC90625 is a candidate gene for this purpose.

Histologic Analysis of Placental Tissue in First Trimester Abortions

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Novak ◽  
Dimitris Agamanolis ◽  
Sarada Dasu ◽  
Howard Igel ◽  
Marvin Piatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placental Tissue ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Histologic Analysis

scholarly journals Immunoreactive adrenomedullin (AM) concentration in maternal plasma during human pregnancy and AM expression in placenta

2000 ◽  
pp. 683-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kobayashi ◽  
T Kubota ◽  
T Aso ◽  
Y Hirata ◽  
T Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Blot Analysis ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Placental Lactogen ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Maternal Circulation ◽  
The Third ◽  
System A

Adrenomedullin (AM) is a novel vasorelaxant peptide, isolated from human pheochromocytoma. Although AM may be involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, a number of other mechanisms are also involved. The present study was undertaken to confirm the presence of AM in human maternal circulation and in placental function during pregnancy. Immunoreactive (ir) AM concentrations in maternal plasma were 3.4+/-0.7fmol/ml (mean+/-s.e. m.) in the first trimester, 3.3+/-1.1fmol/ml in the second trimester, 7.3+/-2.8fmol/ml in the third trimester, 4.1+/-1.9fmol/ml in early puerperium and 3.0+/-0.4fmol/ml in non-pregnant periods; the concentration in the third trimester was significantly greater than those in other periods. Plasma concentrations of estradiol (E(2)), progesterone, human placental lactogen (hPL) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were also measured, using RIA kits. Significant correlations have been demonstrated between the concentrations of irAM and those of E(2), progesterone and hPL. We therefore examined the expression of AM within the placental tissues using immunohistochemistry and northern blot analysis in order to demonstrate a correlation between the presence of AM in the placenta and maternal plasma. Using immunohistochemistry, we detected AM in the amnion at term and the expression of AM mRNA in human placental tissues using cloned human (h) AM complementary DNA as a probe. This study demonstrates the immunoreactivity of human hAM in maternal plasma during pregnancy, and suggests that hAM in maternal plasma is generated partly from placental tissue.

scholarly journals Human placenta-derived stem cells - recent findings based on the molecular science

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
Rafał Sibiak ◽  
Michał Jaworski ◽  
Zuzanna Dorna ◽  
Wojciech Pieńkowski ◽  
Katarzyna Stefańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Trophoblast Stem Cells ◽  
Decidua Basalis ◽  
Degenerative Disorders

AbstractThe human placenta is a complex, multifunctional transient fetomaternal organ. The placenta is composed of the maternal decidua basalis and its fetal part, consisting of the mesenchymal and trophoblast cell lineages. Both the placenta and the amniotic membranes are abundant in readily available placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs). The clinical application of the PD-MSCs opens new perspectives for regenerative medicine and the treatment of various degenerative disorders. Their properties depend on their paracrine activity – the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokines and specific exosomes. In contrast to the PD-MSCs, the trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) are much more elusive. They can only be isolated from the blastocyst-stage embryos or the first-trimester placental tissue, making that procedure quite demanding. Also, other cultures require specific, strictly controlled conditions. TSCs may be potentially used as an in vitro model of various placental pathologies, facilitating the elucidation of their mysterious pathogenesis and creating the environment for testing the new drug efficiency. Nonetheless, it is unlikely that they could be ever implemented as a part of novel cellular therapeutic strategies in humans.Running title: Current knowledge on the placental stem cells

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