Maternal Speech to 4-month-old Infants in Two Cultures: Wolof and French

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Rabain-Jamin ◽  
Emilie Sabeau-Jouannet
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Communicative Acts ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
French Group ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Maternal Speech

The infant-directed speech of Wolof-speaking Senegalese mothers and French-speaking mothers living in Paris were compared to relate infant-directed communicative acts to the value system of the society to which the speaker belongs, and to describe the child’s place in those societies. Mother-infant linguistic interactions with 4-month-old infants were recorded (five dyads in the French group and four in the Wolof group). The discourse variables of the pragmatic and semantic categories in the mothers’ speech were analysed. The cross-cultural analysis included a comparison of the conventional versus shifted use of person markers by the mothers in the two cultures. The results demonstrated some features common to both groups, namely, a high percentage of expressive speech acts and the importance of affect-related statements. Some culture-specific emphases and tendencies were also noted. Whereas the French mothers’ conversational exchanges with their infants were dyadic in organisation and centred on the immediate physical environment, the Wolof mothers frequently expanded the dyadic framework to introduce third parties as conversational partners but talked very little about the immediate physical environment. Thus, it appears that cultural conceptions influence not only the content of mother-infant exchanges but also their participant structure.

Sino-Russian negotiation styles: A cross-cultural analysis of situated patterns

2019 ◽  
pp. 205789111988781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq H Malik
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Mixed Markets ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Negotiation Style ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Positive Correlations

China and Russia have transitioned from centralised economies to mixed markets, they have developed institutions and economic sectors and they joined hands in the strategic partnership in economic and political paths through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Most writers compare or contrast their political and economic powers and preferences vis-a-vis Western cultures and countries; none assess the cultural and contextual styles between the two partners. We build on this question to assess whether and how the two neighbours differ in negotiation style rather than how their institutions shape their behaviour. Based on the behavioural negotiation framework proposed in the early 1990s, we gathered evidence through two surveys: one in Russia and the other in China. We received 988 responses from China and 708 responses from Russia, which we analysed in correlational statistics. The statistical analysis shows negative correlations for four styles of negotiation and positive correlations for six styles of negotiation. We interpreted the negative correlation as divergence between the two cultures and positive correlation as convergence between the two cultures on those styles. The magnitude of the correlation further supports the competing positions of the two cultures on the semantic spectrums. We offer theoretical and policy suggestions at the end of the article. In concluding remarks, we draw attention to multiple gaps which can be filled in future research.

Mondialisation de la littérature et littérature mondiale – Traduction d’une culture « mineure » vers une culture « centrale »

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-139
Author(s):  
Jeong-yeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Korean Literature ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
History Of

Abstract The present article attempts to analyze the particularities of the practice of literary translation from a language of peripheral culture to a language of central culture, based on the case of Korean literature. Because of the inequality that governs the relations between the two cultures involved, the transfer from one to the other raises extratextual problems. After briefly tracing the history of the translation of Korean literary works into widely spoken languages, especially in the French-speaking communities, this paper deals with the specific characteristics and modalities of this activity, as well as with their influence on the translations itself, focusing on the choice of works to be translated, the distinctive features of their translators, the translation processes they implement and the socio-cultural context in which the translation is done.

The Two Cultures: Mashing Up Web 2.0 and the Semantic Web

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupriya Ankolekar ◽  
Markus Krozsch ◽  
Denny Vrandecic
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures

Building Cultural Bridges Between China and India

2021 ◽  
pp. 097133362199045
Author(s):  
Dharm P. S. Bhawuk
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural Psychology ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Indian Culture ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
China And India ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Social Behaviours

Employing one of the established theories from cross-cultural psychology and sociology, first it is shown that both China and India are collectivist cultures. Then the Chinese and Indian worldviews are compared to highlight fundamental similarities between the two cultures. Finally, it is shown how self-cultivation is emphasised in both China and India. Effort is made to show how ideas presented by Confucius and Lao Tsu are captured in the Indian culture and social behaviours. A number of issues are raised for the development of indigenous knowledge from multiple perspectives using various paradigms and methodology. It is hoped that the special issue and this article will stimulate researchers to bridge Chinese and Indian psychologies which may pave the path towards peaceful prosperity.

scholarly journals Immigration and Multiculturalism in Italy: The Religious Experience of the Peruvian Community in the Eternal City

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Verónica Roldán
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Roman Catholicism ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The World ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Popular Religiosity

The present study on the religious experience of the Peruvian community in Rome belongs to the area of studies on immigration, multiculturalism, and religion in Italy. In this article, I analyze the devotion of the Peruvian community in Rome to “the Lord of Miracles”. This pious tradition, which venerates the image of Christ crucified—painted by an Angolan slave—began in 1651 in Lima, during the Viceroyalty of Peru. Today, the sacred image is venerated in countries all over the world that host Peruvian immigrant communities that have set up branches of the Confraternity of the Lord of Miracles. I examine, in particular, the cult of el Señor de los Milagros in Rome in terms of Peruvian popular religiosity and national identity experienced within a transnational context. This essay serves two purposes: The first is to analyze the significance that this religious experience acquires in a foreign environment while maintaining links with its country of origin and its cultural traditions in a multilocal environment. The second aim is to examine the integration of the Peruvian community into Italian society, beginning with religious practice, in this case Roman Catholicism. This kind of religiosity seems not only to favor the encounter between the two cultures but also to render Italian Roman Catholicism multicultural.

I See Myself through My Avatar: Evidence from East Asia and North America for Acculturated Effects on Virtual Representation Preference

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunwoo Yoon ◽  
Patrick T. Vargas
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Quasi Experiment

In the present research we argue that avatars, as identity containers, can mirror people’s self-concepts. Research in cultural psychology suggests that East Asians tend to be more tolerant of contradictions and that they more easily adjust their self-concepts in accordance with changing contexts compared to North Americans (see Heine 2001). We therefore assume that preferred forms of avatars among East Asians and North Americans are different because of this self-concept variability across cultures. We conducted a quasi-experiment to explore how people in the two cultures differently evaluate two forms of avatars, human-like and cartoon-like avatars, in terms of likeability and preference. We found that East Asians rated cartoon-like avatars more favourably than North Americans. Moreover, compared to North Americans, East Asians preferred cartoon-like avatars to human-like avatars for their hypothetical avatars to play games. We conclude by discussing implications for future research.

Trust in the Workplace: The Role of Social Interaction Diversity in the Community and in the Workplace

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Cui ◽  
Ilan Vertinsky ◽  
Sandra Robinson ◽  
Oana Branzei
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Collectivistic Cultures ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

Extending the literature on social capital development in the community, this article examines the impact of diverse social interactions (in the community and the workplace) on the development of social trust in the workplace, and investigates whether their effects differ in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Using survey data collected in Canada and China, the authors find that the diversity of one’s social interactions in the community is positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, and this relationship is not significantly different between the two cultures. Diversity of one’s social interactions in the workplace is also positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, though only in collectivistic cultures.

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