Rice genotypes differing in salt tolerance I. Growth response and NaCl accumulation of whole plants and their corresponding callus cultures

The effect of NaCl on growth was examined for whole plants and callus cultures of a salt-sensitive glycophyte (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a salt-tolerant glycophyte (Beta vulgaris L.) and two halophytes (Atriplex undulata D. Dietr., which has salt glands, and Suaeda australis (R. Br.) Moq., a succulent). Whole plants were grown in nutrient solution culture at NaCl concentrations of 0.1-250 mM. Callus cultures were initiated from the same seed stock, and similar saline regimes were imposed. Whole plant responses were characteristic for the various types of plants: P. vulgaris showed a decrease in growth with increasing salinity; B. vulgaris showed a slight increase in growth at the intermediate salt level and a decrease at higher levels; A. undulata and S. australis showed well defined growth optima at 62.5 mM and 125 mM NaCl, respectively. Callus cultures of P. vulgaris and the two halophytes grew very poorly when salinity was increased. Callus of B. vulgaris showed the same tolerance to salt as did the whole plants. Thus salt tolerance of the halophytes depends on the anatomical and physiological complexity of the intact plant while callus from B. vulgaris appears to have a mechanism(s) of salt tolerance which operates at the cellular level.

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Comparision of Salt Tolerance between Hordeum vulgare and H. jubatum in Whole Plants and Callus Cultures

Zeitschrift für Pflanzenphysiologie ◽

10.1016/s0044-328x(80)80225-x ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 98 (2) ◽

pp. 105-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Thomas J. Orton

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Callus Cultures ◽

Whole Plants

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Comparative Investigation on Formation and Accumulation of Rare Phenylpropanoids in Plants and in vitro Cultures of Pimpinella major

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1990-0607 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 602-606 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

B. Merkel ◽

J. Reichling

Keyword(s):

Callus Culture ◽

Nutrient Medium ◽

Callus Cultures ◽

Comparative Investigation ◽

In Vitro Cultures ◽

Liquid Nutrient Medium ◽

Whole Plants ◽

Plant Seedlings

Abstract Unorganized callus and leaf/root-differentiating callus cultures of Pimpinella major have been established in liquid nutrient medium. Their capacity to accumulate rare phenylpropanoids such as epoxy-pseudoisoeugenol tiglate, epoxy-anol tiglate and anol tiglate was compared with that of seedlings and whole plants. The unorganized callus cultures were not able to accumulate any phenylpropanoids. In comparison, the leaf/root-differentiating callus culture promoted the accumulation of epoxy-pseudoisoeugenol tiglate (up to 90 mg/100 g fr.wt.) but not that of anol-derivatives. The accumulated amount of EPT in PMD-SH was comparable with that in plant seedlings.

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Rice genotypes differing in salt tolerance II. Short‐term kinetics of NaCl absorption and translocation in intact plants

Journal of Plant Nutrition ◽

10.1080/01904169209364503 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 2667-2678 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiaolong Yan ◽

Shaoling Zheng ◽

Yanhua Kuang

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Short Term ◽

Nacl Absorption ◽

Intact Plants ◽

Rice Genotypes ◽

Kinetics Of

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Plant regeneration from callus cultures of salt marsh hay, Spartina patens, and its cellular-based salt tolerance

Aquatic Botany ◽

10.1016/0304-3770(95)00454-8 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 51 (1-2) ◽

pp. 103-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Xianggan Li ◽

Denise M. Seliskar ◽

Jennifer A. Moga ◽

John L. Gallagher

Keyword(s):

Salt Marsh ◽

Plant Regeneration ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Callus Cultures ◽

Spartina Patens

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Salt-tolerance screening in Limonium sinuatum varieties with different flower colors

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93974-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiaojing Xu ◽

Yingli Zhou ◽

Ping Mi ◽

Baoshan Wang ◽

Fang Yuan

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Large Scale ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Salt Gland ◽

Salt Glands ◽

Chlorophyll Contents ◽

Relative Water ◽

Whole Plants

AbstractLimonium sinuatum, a member of Plumbaginaceae commonly known as sea lavender, is widely used as dried flower. Five L. sinuatum varieties with different flower colors (White, Blue, Pink, Yellow, and Purple) are found in saline regions and are widely cultivated in gardens. In the current study, we evaluated the salt tolerance of these varieties under 250 mmol/L NaCl (salt-tolerance threshold) treatment to identify the optimal variety suitable for planting in saline lands. After the measurement of the fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), contents of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl−, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), relative water content, chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate, and osmotic potential of whole plants, the salt-tolerance ability from strongest to weakest is identified as Pink, Yellow, Purple, White, and Blue. Photosynthetic rate was the most reliable and positive indicator of salt tolerance. The density of salt glands showed the greatest increase in Pink under NaCl treatment, indicating that Pink adapts to high-salt levels by enhancing salt gland formation. These results provide a theoretical basis for the large-scale planting of L. sinuatum in saline soils in the future.

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In vivo and in vitro studies on heavy metal tolerance in Sesbania grandiflora L

Journal of Biotechnology Research Center ◽

10.24126/jobrc.2009.3.2.67 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 48-64

Author(s):

Kadhim M. Ibrahim ◽

Shaimaa A. Yousir

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Tolerance ◽

Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽

Heavy Metal Concentration ◽

Callus Cultures ◽

Metal Levels ◽

Whole Plants

Several experiments were carried out to study heavy metal tolerance in tissue cultures or whole plants of S. grandiflora., Callus was induced and maintained on modified Murashige and Skoog, 1962 medium (MS) supplemented with (0.5)mg/l benzyl adenine and (2)mg/l 2,4-phenoxy acetic acid . Heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Cr or Zn) were added to the culture medium at different concentrations as contamination agents. In order to asses the effect of these heavy metals on seed germination; seeds were sown in soil contaminated with different concentrations of heavy metals for 3 weeks. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used for analysis of samples taken from whole plants and callus cultures. Results showed that callus fresh weight decreased with increasing heavy metal concentration in cultural medium. Germination percentages and plant heights increased over time. However, a reduction occurred in these parameters with increasing heavy metal levels. Percentages of metals accumulated in calli were (0.001, 0.011, 0.012 and 0.013%) at (0.0, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1)mg/l Cd respectively; (0.001, 0.008, 0.016 and 0.006%) at (0.0, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5)mg/l Co respectively; (0.001, 0.020, 0.034 and 0.015%) at (0.0, 0.075, 0.2 and 0.5)mg/l Cu respectively; (0.001, 0.013, 0.012 and 0.010%) at (0.0, 0.25, 0.4 and 0.5)mg/l Cr respectively and (0.027, 0.051, 0.059 and 0.056%) at (0.0 , 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5)mg/l Zn respectively. Percentages of metals accumulated in whole plants were (0.08, 0.55, 1.11, 0.83 and 0.44%) at (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0)mg/Kg soil Cd respectively; (0.11, 0.22, 0.55, 0.47 and 0.44%) at (0.0, 15.0, 30.0 45.0 and 60.0)mg/Kg soil Co respectively; (0.01, 0.10, 0.57, 0.58 and 0.72%) at (0.0, 25.0, 50.0, 75.0 and 100.0)mg/Kg soil Cu respectively. (0.08, 0.80, 1.28, 1.31 and 0.88%) at (0.0, 25.0, 50.0, 75.0 and 100.0)mg/Kg soil Cr respectively and (0.06, 1.11, 1.20, 1.83 and 2.22%) at (0.0, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0 and 400.0)mg/Kg soil Zn respectively.

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Carbon isotope discrimination and salt tolerance of rice genotypes

Cereal Research Communications ◽

10.1007/bf03543319 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 339-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

James A. Poss ◽

Linghe Zeng ◽

Catherine M. Grieve

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Carbon Isotope ◽

Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽

Isotope Discrimination ◽

Rice Genotypes

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Whole genome sequence analysis of rice genotypes with contrasting response to salinity stress

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-78256-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Prasanta K. Subudhi ◽

Rama Shankar ◽

Mukesh Jain

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Dna Polymorphisms ◽

Whole Genome Sequence ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Tolerance Mechanisms ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Rice Genotypes ◽

Genome Level

AbstractSalinity is a major abiotic constraint for rice farming. Abundant natural variability exists in rice germplasm for salt tolerance traits. Since few studies focused on the genome level variation in rice genotypes with contrasting response to salt stress, genomic resequencing in diverse genetic materials is needed to elucidate the molecular basis of salt tolerance mechanisms. The whole genome sequences of two salt tolerant (Pokkali and Nona Bokra) and three salt sensitive (Bengal, Cocodrie, and IR64) rice genotypes were analyzed. A total of 413 million reads were generated with a mean genome coverage of 93% and mean sequencing depth of 18X. Analysis of the DNA polymorphisms revealed that 2347 nonsynonymous SNPs and 51 frameshift mutations could differentiate the salt tolerant from the salt sensitive genotypes. The integration of genome-wide polymorphism information with the QTL mapping and expression profiling data led to identification of 396 differentially expressed genes with large effect variants in the coding regions. These genes were involved in multiple salt tolerance mechanisms, such as ion transport, oxidative stress tolerance, signal transduction, and transcriptional regulation. The genome-wide DNA polymorphisms and the promising candidate genes identified in this study represent a valuable resource for molecular breeding of salt tolerant rice varieties.

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