Reduced shared emotional representations toward women revealing more skin

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Carlotta Cogoni ◽  
Andrea Carnaghi ◽  
Giorgia Silani
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Representations

scholarly journals Psychological morbidity as a moderator of intention to quit smoking: a study of smokers and former smokers

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Besteiro Afonso ◽  
Maria Graca Pereira Alves
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Psychological Morbidity ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Emotional Representations ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: To analyze psychological morbidity as a moderator of the relationship between smoking representations and quality of life in smokers and former smokers, as well as to determine which psychological variables discriminate between smokers with and without the intention to quit smoking. METHODS: This was a quantitative, correlational cross-sectional study involving a convenience sample of 224 smokers and 169 former smokers. RESULTS: In smokers and former smokers, psychological morbidity had a moderating effect on the relationship between mental/physical quality of life and smoking representations (cognitive representations, emotional representations, and comprehensibility). Smokers with the intention to quit smoking more often presented with low comprehensibility, threatening emotional representations, behavioral beliefs, and perceived behavioral control, as well as with normative/control beliefs, than did those without the intention to quit. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study underscore the importance of the moderating effect exerted by psychological morbidity, as well as that of sociocognitive variables, among smokers who have the intention to quit smoking.

Multiple Narratives in the Novel

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Deepra Dandekar
Keyword(s):  
Life Stories ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Important Case ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Christian Morality ◽  
Strong Statement ◽  
Emotional Representations

The politics of a multilayered text like The Subhedar’s Son does not lie in its strong statement of ideological issues but in its silences and its emotional representations. Dinkar Shankar Sawarkar, the author of The Subhedar’s Son, deliberately connected Christian morality with specific social groups, according them relative political significance, while disregarding others as morally and spiritually bankrupt. This chapter discusses the various narrative strategies employed by Sawakar in the Marathi novel. It explores how The Subhedar’s Son is simultaneously a Christian narrative and a Brahmin narrative that makes an important case for the Brahmin-Christian contribution to vernacular nativism and nationalism, against colonialism. The chapter describes how the novel stages religious conversion to Christianity as a modern and individualist Brahmin and upper-caste decision, the analysis of which cannot be afforded within structural explorations, but personal motivations and life stories.

Mammography Adherence among High-Risk Women with Breast Cancer and Either a Non-Pathogenic Mutation Identified or Untested BRCA1/2 Genetic Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Alison Flehr ◽  
Fiona Judd ◽  
Geoffrey J. Lindeman ◽  
Maira Kentwell ◽  
Penny Gibson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Familial Cancer ◽  
Pathogenic Mutation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Emotional Representations ◽  
The Impact

Background: Little is known about the illness perceptions of women with a previous breast cancer diagnosis and either no access to a personal BRCA1/2 test or tested and a no pathogenic mutation identified result and how this might impact their mammography adherence. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of illness beliefs, specifically those relating to emotional representations and cure and control beliefs about breast cancer, and socio-economic status (SES) on mammography adherence of these women. The traditional health belief model (HBM) was compared to a modified model which allowed for the contribution of emotions in health surveillance decision-making. Method: Mailed self-report questionnaires were completed by 193 women recruited from an Australian Familial Cancer Centre. Step-wise logistic regression analyses were conducted on n=150 [aged 27-89 years (M=56.9)] for whom complete data were available. Results: The questionnaire response rate was 36%. Higher levels of emotional representations of breast cancer were associated with greater mammography adherence (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.03-1.36, p =.019). Middle income was six times more likely to predict mammography adherence than lower income (OR = 6.39, 95% CI = 1.03 – 39.63, p =.047). The modified HBM was superior to the traditional HBM in predicting mammography adherence (X2 [15, N = 118] = 26.03, p =.038). Conclusions: Despite a modest response rate, our data show that emotional illness representations about breast cancer and middle income status were found to significantly predict mammography adherence. Therefore, providing surveillance services and delivering information considerate of financial status and constructed around emotional motivators may facilitate mammography adherence among women like those described in this study.

Are illness perceptions related to future healthcare expenditure in patients with somatoform disorders?

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 2903-2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Frostholm ◽  
K. J. Petrie ◽  
E. Ørnbøl ◽  
P. Fink
Keyword(s):  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Healthcare Expenditure ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Somatoform Disorder ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Danish Health ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Emotional Representations

BackgroundSomatoform disorders are costly for society in terms of increased healthcare expenditure. Patients' illness perceptions have been found to play a role in somatoform disorders. However, it is unclear whether illness perceptions predict higher health costs in these patients.MethodA total of 1785 primary care patients presenting a new health complaint completed a questionnaire on their illness perceptions and emotional distress before the consultation. The physicians completed a questionnaire for each patient on diagnostics after the consultation. In a stratified subsample, physician interviewers established diagnoses of DSM-IV somatization and undifferentiated somatoform disorders (n = 144) using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. Healthcare expenditure was obtained from Danish health registers for a 2-year follow-up period.ResultsPatients had more negative perceptions of their well-defined physical health problems when they had a co-morbid somatoform disorder. A strong illness identity [β = 0.120, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.029–0.212, p = 0.012], perceived negative consequences (β = 0.010, 95% CI 0.001–0.019, p = 0.024), a long timeline perspective (β = 0.013, 95% CI 0.005–0.021, p = 0.001), low personal control (β = − 0.009, 95% CI –0.015 to −0.002, p = 0.011) and negative emotional representations (β = 0.009, 95% CI 0.002–0.017, p = 0.020) predicted healthcare expenditure in somatoform disorders.ConclusionsThe results suggest that illness perceptions play a role in the perpetuation of symptoms in somatoform disorders and predict higher future healthcare expenditure among a subgroup of these patients.

Illness-Related Cognition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy E. Richardson ◽  
Elizabeth Broadbent
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Common Sense Model ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Emotional Representations ◽  
Sense Model

Cognitions about illness have been identified as contributors to health-related behavior, psychological well-being, and overall health. Several different theories have been developed to explain how cognitions may exert their impact on health outcomes. This article includes three theories: the Health Belief Model (HBM), the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and the Common Sense Model (CSM), with the primary focus on the CSM. The HBM posits that cognitions regarding susceptibility to a health threat, the severity of the threat, and the benefits and costs associated with behavior, will determine whether or not a behavior is performed. In the TPB, behavior is thought to be a consequence of intention to act, which is shaped by attitudes regarding a behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The Common Sense Model (CSM) proposes that individuals form cognitive representations of illness (known as illness perceptions) as well as emotional representations, which are key determinants of coping behaviors to manage the illness. Coping behaviors are theorized to have direct relationships with physical and psychological health outcomes. Cognitive representations encompass perceptions regarding the consequences posed by the illness, its timeline, personal ability to control the illness, whether the illness can be cured or controlled by treatment, and the identity of the illness (including its label and symptoms). Emotional representations reflect feelings such as fear, anger, and depression about the illness. The development of illness representations is influenced by a number of factors, including personal experience, the nature of physical symptoms, personality traits, and the social and cultural context. Illness cognitions can vary considerably between patients and health care professionals. There are a number of methods to assess illness-related cognitions, and increasing evidence that modifying negative or inaccurate cognitions can improve health outcomes.

scholarly journals Exploring Children’s Social and Emotional Representations of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahia Idoiaga ◽  
Naiara Berasategi ◽  
Amaia Eiguren ◽  
Maitane Picaza
Keyword(s):  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Emotional Representations

Emotional Objectivity: Neural Representations of Emotions and Their Interaction with Cognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. Todd ◽  
Vladimir Miskovic ◽  
Junichi Chikazoe ◽  
Adam K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Fundamental Feature ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
Emotional Outcomes ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Psychological Events ◽  
Emotional Representations

Recent advances in our understanding of information states in the human brain have opened a new window into the brain's representation of emotion. While emotion was once thought to constitute a separate domain from cognition, current evidence suggests that all events are filtered through the lens of whether they are good or bad for us. Focusing on new methods of decoding information states from brain activation, we review growing evidence that emotion is represented at multiple levels of our sensory systems and infuses perception, attention, learning, and memory. We provide evidence that the primary function of emotional representations is to produce unified emotion, perception, and thought (e.g., “That is a good thing”) rather than discrete and isolated psychological events (e.g., “That is a thing. I feel good”). The emergent view suggests ways in which emotion operates as a fundamental feature of cognition, by design ensuring that emotional outcomes are the central object of perception, thought, and action.

scholarly journals The psychometric properties of the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) regarding Internet gaming disorder in a general population of Chinese adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-663
Author(s):  
Joseph T. F. Lau ◽  
Le Dang ◽  
Ray Y. H. Cheung ◽  
Meng Xuan Zhang ◽  
Juliet Honglei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Internet Gaming ◽  
Illness Perception Questionnaire ◽  
Emotional Representations ◽  
Illness Coherence

AbstractBackground and aimsInternet gaming disorder (IGD) has been recognized as a mental illness. Cognitive and emotional illness representations affect coping and health outcomes. Very little is known about such perceptions related to IGD, in both general and diseased populations. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) for IGD in a general population that included mostly non-cases while a small proportion of the sample was IGD cases.MethodsAn anonymous cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted in a random sample of 1,501 Chinese community-dwelling adults (41.3% male; mean age = 40.42, SD = 16.85) in Macao, China.ResultsThe confirmatory factor analysis identified a modified 6-factor model (i.e., timeline cyclical, consequences, personal control, treatment control, illness coherence, and emotional representations) of 26 items that showed satisfactory model fit and internal consistency. Criterion-related validity was supported by the constructs' significant correlations with stigma (positive correlations: timeline cyclical, consequence, emotional representations; negative correlations: illness coherence). Ever-gamers, compared to never-gamers, reported higher mean scores in the subscales of personal control and illness coherence, and lower mean scores in time cyclical, consequence, and emotional representations. Among the sampled gamers, probable IGD cases were more likely than non-IGD cases to perceive IGD as cyclical and involved more negative emotions.ConclusionsThis study shows that the revised 26-item version of IPQ-R is a valid instrument for assessing illness representation regarding IGD in a general population of Chinese adults. It can be used in future research that examines factors of incidence and prevention related to IGD.

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