Phosphorus removal by a fixed-bed hybrid polymer nanocomposite biofilm reactor

This paper presents the kinetic analysis, using Generalized Power-Law equations to describe the results of an experimental investigation conducted on a batch submerged biofilm reactor for phosphorus removal under an anaerobic/aerobic cycle. The observed rates and amounts of phosphorus release and organic substrate uptake in the anaerobic phase leads to a kinetic model in which these two variables are dependent on each other with a non-linear behaviour and reach equilibrium values in both cases, at different times and are function of rate constants ratio. The model has a good fit with experimental data except for C uptake at anaerobic contact times longer than four hours, where other kinetics are implied. Kinetic parameters were obtained with different initial substrate concentrations, anaerobic contact cycles, and type of substrates.

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Use of a dynamic gassing-out method for activity and oxygen diffusion coefficient estimation in biofilms

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1998.0611 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 37 (4-5) ◽

pp. 171-175

Author(s):

Artem Khlebnikov ◽

Falilou Samb ◽

Paul Péringer

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Oxygen Diffusion ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Strictly Aerobic ◽

Comamonas Testosteroni ◽

Respiration Activity ◽

Oxygen Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Biofilm Development

p-toluenesulphonic acid degradation by Comamonas testosteroni T-2 in multi-species biofilms was studied in a fixed bed biofilm reactor. The polypropylene static mixer elements (Sulzer Chemtech Ltd., Switzerland) were used as a support matrix for biofilm formation. Biofilm respiration was estimated using the dynamic gassing-out oxygen uptake method. A strong relation between oxygen uptake and reactor degradation efficiency was observed, because p-toluenesulphonate degradation is a strictly aerobic process. This technique also allowed us to estimate the thickness of the active layer in the studied system. The mean active thickness was in order of 200 μm, which is close to maximum oxygen penetration depth in biofilms. A transient mathematical model was established to evaluate oxygen diffusitivity in non-steady-state biofilms. Based on the DO concentration profiles, the oxygen diffusion coefficient and the maximum respiration activity were calculated. The oxygen diffusion coefficient obtained (2 10−10-1.2 10−9 m2 s−1) is in good agreement with published values. The DO diffusion coefficient varied with biofilm development. This may be, most likely, due to the biofilm density changes during the experiments. The knowledge of diffusivity changes in biofilms is particularly important for removal capacity estimation and appropriate reactor design.

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Performance evaluation of hybrid polymer nanocomposite

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.826 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pankaj Sonia ◽

Jinesh Kumar Jain ◽

Piyush Singhal ◽

Kuldeep K. Saxena

Keyword(s):

Performance Evaluation ◽

Polymer Nanocomposite ◽

Hybrid Polymer

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Preparation of hybrid polymer nanocomposite microparticles by a nanoparticle stabilised dispersion polymerisation

Journal of Materials Chemistry ◽

10.1039/b715927g ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 998 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Jixin Yang ◽

Tom Hasell ◽

Wenxin Wang ◽

Jun Li ◽

Paul D. Brown ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymer Nanocomposite ◽

Hybrid Polymer ◽

Nanocomposite Microparticles

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Degradation of chlorophenols by biofilms on semi-permeable membranes in two types of fixed bed reactors

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1995.0299 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 32 (8) ◽

pp. 205-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Wobus ◽

S. Ulrich ◽

I. Röske

Keyword(s):

Continuous Flow ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Flow Conditions ◽

Concentration Gradients ◽

Batch Mode ◽

Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽

Fixed Bed Reactors ◽

Protozoan Community

Two identical fixed bed reactors containing gas-permeable tubings as carrier material were compared for the elimination of chlorophenols. Under plug flow conditions, the continuous flow operation resulted in a stratification of biomass due to concentration gradients. To achieve a homogeneous colonization, the sequencing batch mode has been applicated to one biofilm reactor (Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor - SBBR). Concentration gradients after filling, probably due to sorption phenomena, caused an uneven distribution of biomass in the SBBR. However, the colonization of the SBBR was more homogeneous as compared to the continuously operated reactor (CFBR). As to the elimination of a trichlorophenol (2,4,5-trichlorophenol - TCP), no significant differences between the SBBR and the CFBR were observed with regard to its sensitivity against load surges. It is to be supposed that sorption to the biofilm was included in the elimination of chlorophenols. A higher diversity of protozoan community and meiofauna is obviously to be attributed to continuous flow.

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Biological Phosphorus Removal in a Sequencing Batch Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1999.0588 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 40 (4-5) ◽

pp. 161-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

H. Helness ◽

H. Ødegaard

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Removal ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Complete Removal ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽

Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽

Moving Bed ◽

Biofilm Carrier ◽

Biofilm Process ◽

Biological Phosphorus

Experiments have been carried out with biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch moving bed biofilm reactor (SBMBBR) with a plastic biofilm carrier (Kaldnes) suspended in the wastewater. The aim of the research leading to this paper was to evaluate biological phosphorus removal in this type of biofilm process. Biological phosphorus removal can be achieved in a moving bed biofilm reactor operated as a sequencing batch reactor. In order to achieve good and stable phosphorus removal over time, the length of the anaerobic period should be tuned to achieve near complete removal of easily biodegradable COD in the anaerobic period. The total COD-loading rate must at the same time be kept high enough to achieve a net growth of biomass in the reactor. Use of multivariate models based on UV-absorption spectra and measurements of the redox potential show potential for control of such a process.

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Nitritification and Denitritification of High-Strength Ammonium and Nitrite Wastewater with Biofilm Reactors

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1991.0594 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 23 (7-9) ◽

pp. 1417-1425 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Sheng-Kun Chen ◽

Chin-Kun Juaw ◽

Sheng-Shung Cheng

Keyword(s):

Benzoic Acid ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Draft Tube ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

High Strength ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Biofilm Reactors ◽

Nitrite Removal ◽

In Series

Two sets of fixed-film biological processes were operated separately for nitritification of amnonium and for denitritification of nitrite associated with organic compounds. High strength amnonium wastewater (50-1000 mg NH4+-N/l) could be effectively nitritified by a draft-tube fluidized bed which was operated at an extremely high loading of 1.0 kg NH4−1-N/m3.day with 95% amnonium conversion and 60 to 95% nitrite formation. Additionally, a biofilm fixed-bed was employed to denitritify the high strength nitrite (200 to 1000 mg NO2−-N/l) associated with organic compounds of glucose, acetate and benzoic acid. Complete nitrite removal could be achieved with sufficient HRT and COD/NO2−-N ratio. The conversion ratios were estimated experimentally at 2.5 for glucose and acetate, and 2.0 g ∆COD/g ∆NO2−-N for benzoic acid. A proposed process of an aerobic nitritifying biofilm reactor combined with an anoxic denitritifying biofilm reactor in series could be employed for complete nitrogen removal.

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Influence of cell size on out of plane stiffness and in-plane compliance character of the sandwich beam made with tunable PCTPE nylon honeycomb core and hybrid polymer nanocomposite skin

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2018.08.011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 148 ◽

pp. 284-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Santosh Kumar Sahu ◽

Nitesh Dhar Badgayan ◽

Sutanu Samanta ◽

Duryodhan Sahu ◽

P S Rama Sreekanth

Keyword(s):

Cell Size ◽

Sandwich Beam ◽

Polymer Nanocomposite ◽

Hybrid Polymer ◽

Honeycomb Core ◽

Out Of Plane

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Effect of carbon-to-nitrogen ratio on simultaneous nitrification denitrification and phosphorus removal in a microaerobic moving bed biofilm reactor

Journal of Environmental Management ◽

10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109518 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 250 ◽

pp. 109518 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Francesca Iannacone ◽

Francesco Di Capua ◽

Francesco Granata ◽

Rudy Gargano ◽

Francesco Pirozzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Removal ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽

Moving Bed ◽

Carbon To Nitrogen Ratio ◽

Nitrogen Ratio

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Microbial ecological processes in MBBR biofilms for biological phosphorus removal from wastewater

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2019.149 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 79 (8) ◽

pp. 1467-1473 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Knut Rudi ◽

Inger Andrea Goa ◽

Torgeir Saltnes ◽

Gjermund Sørensen ◽

Inga Leena Angell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Sludge ◽

Phosphorus Removal ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Environmental Pollutant ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Operational Performance ◽

Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Biological Phosphorus

Abstract Phosphorus is both a major environmental pollutant and a limiting resource. Although enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is used worldwide for phosphorus removal, the standard activated sludge-based EBPR process shows limitations with stability and efficiency. Recently, a new EBPR moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) process has been developed at HIAS (Hamar, Norway), enabling a phosphorus removal stability above 90% during a whole year cycle. To increase the knowledge of the HIAS (MBBR) process the aim of the current work was to characterize the MBBR microbiota and operational performance weekly for the operational year. Surprisingly, we found a major succession of the microbiota, with a five-fold increase in phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs), and major shifts in eukaryote composition, despite a stable phosphorus removal. Temperature was the only factor that significantly affected both phosphorus removal and the microbiota. There was a lower phosphor removal during the winter, coinciding with a higher microbiota alpha diversity, and a lower beta diversity. This differs from what is observed for activated sludge based EBPR. Taken together, the knowledge gained from the current microbiota study supports the efficiency and stability of MBBR-based systems, and that knowledge from activated sludge-based EBPR approaches cannot be translated to MBBR systems.

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