Imaging techniques used in the diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of patients with myeloma

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 716-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Mulligan
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Initial Staging

Radiologists play a central role in the diagnosis, initial staging, follow-up, and restaging of patients with myeloma. This review article attempts to familiarize the reader with all the various types of myeloma, their imaging appearances and useful imaging strategies. The staging system for myeloma patients has been updated and now includes findings from advanced imaging modalities. Radiologists have a vast array of imaging modalities at their disposal to aid them in diagnosis, staging, and follow-up. Currently, conventional radiographic skeletal surveys, magnetic resonance imaging, and F-18 FDG PET/CT examinations are the most useful instruments.

Endocarditis

2015 ◽  
pp. 230-244
Author(s):  
Gilbert Habib ◽  
Franck Thuny
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis ◽  
Transoesophageal Echocardiography ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Imaging plays a key role in the assessment of infective endocarditis. Echocardiography, particularly transoesophageal echocardiography, gives useful information concerning the diagnosis of infective endocarditis, the assessment of the severity of the disease, the prediction of short-term and long-term prognosis, and the follow-up of patients under specific antibiotic therapy. Other imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging, Computed tomography (CT) scan, and invasive angiography, are of limited value for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis, but are useful for the diagnosis and management of its complications. FDG PET/CT imaging seems the most promising new imaging technique, particularly for the diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis

scholarly journals Imaging in polymyalgia rheumatica

Reumatismo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Possemato ◽  
C. Salvarani ◽  
N. Pipitone
Keyword(s):  
Polymyalgia Rheumatica ◽  
Morning Stiffness ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Ct And Mri

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a chronic, inflammatory disorder of unknown cause clinically characterized by pain and prolonged morning stiffness affecting the shoulders and often the pelvic girdle and neck. Imaging has substantially contributed to defining PMR as a disease mainly involving extra-articular structures. This review article analyses the role of the different imaging techniques in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with PMR with particular emphasis on the role of ultrasound, PET/CT and MRI.

scholarly journals The usefulness of repeated CMR and FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of patients with initial possible cardiac sarcoidosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Mathijssen ◽  
T. W. H. Tjoeng ◽  
R. G. M. Keijsers ◽  
A. L. M. Bakker ◽  
F. Akdim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Cardiac Sarcoidosis ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Lge Cmr

Abstract Background Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) diagnosis is usually based on advanced imaging techniques and multidisciplinary evaluation. Diagnosis is classified as definite, probable, possible or unlikely. If diagnostic confidence remains uncertain, cardiac imaging can be repeated. The objective is to evaluate the usefulness of repeated cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET/CT) for CS diagnosis in patients with an initial “possible” CS diagnosis. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study in 35 patients diagnosed with possible CS by our multidisciplinary team (MDT), who received repeated CMR and FDG PET/CT within 12 months after diagnosis. Imaging modalities were scored on abnormalities suggestive for CS and classified as CMR+/PET+, CMR+/PET−, CMR−/PET+ and CMR−/PET−. Primary endpoint was final MDT diagnosis of CS. Results After re-evaluation, nine patients (25.7%) were reclassified as probable CS and 16 patients (45.7%) as unlikely CS. Two patients started immunosuppressive treatment after re-evaluation. At baseline, eleven patients (31.4%) showed late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on CMR (CMR+) and 26 (74.3%) patients showed myocardial FDG-uptake (PET+). At re-evaluation, nine patients (25.7%) showed LGE (CMR+), while 16 patients (45.7%) showed myocardial FDG-uptake (PET+). When considering both imaging modalities together, 82.6% of patients with CMR−/PET+ at baseline were reclassified as possible or unlikely CS, while 36.4% of patients with CMR+ at baseline were reclassified as probable CS. Three patients with initial CMR−/PET+ showed LGE at re-evaluation. Conclusion Repeated CMR and FDG PET/CT may be useful in establishing or rejecting CS diagnosis, when initial diagnosis is uncertain. However, clinical relevance has to be further determined.

Pediatric Bone Sarcoma: Diagnostic Performance of18F-FDG PET/CT Versus Conventional Imaging for Initial Staging and Follow-Up

2015 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natale Quartuccio ◽  
Josef Fox ◽  
Deborah Kuk ◽  
Leonard H. Wexler ◽  
Sergio Baldari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Bone Sarcoma ◽  
Conventional Imaging ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Initial Staging

scholarly journals Melanom in izolirane metastaze v vranici-prikaz primera in pregled literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerica Škedelj ◽  
Ivana Žagar ◽  
Marko Snoj
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Background. Metastases to the spleen are considered a rare event generally occurring during the late stage of malignant disease. Isolated metastases are even rarely described. In the past years the number of reported cases in literature has risen mainly due to the improvements of the imaging techniques and the use of FDG-PET/CT in the follow-up of the patients with malignant disease. Even though melanoma can disseminate to any organ, metastases to spleen, found during life, are rare. Moreover, proven isolated metastases in the spleen are even seldomly described. Case report. We report a case of 61-year-old man with known skin melanoma treated in our Institute from 2009. During the regular follow up raised values of S-100 marker and isolated lesions in the spleen found on FDG-PET/CT were described. Due to isolated metastatic disease, splenectomy was indicated.Conclusion. Patients with stage IV. melanoma have poor prognosis, the median survival is estimated to six months. According to studies, metastasectomies for isolated metastases in solid organs can significantly improve survival of these patients. In melanoma patients with FDG-PET/CT proven isolated metastases to the spleen, splenectomy can significantly improve their survival and quality of life.  

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of18F-FDG PET/CT in Association with Serum Tumor Marker Assays in Breast Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Dong ◽  
Haifeng Hou ◽  
Chunyan Wang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Qiong Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Background. After initial treatment of breast cancer (BC), monitoring locoregional recurrence and distant metastases is a great clinical challenge.Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of PET/CT in association with serum tumor makers in BC follow-up.Methods. Twenty-six women with a history of modified radical mastectomy were evaluated by18F-FDG PET/CT. The results of PET/CT were compared with those of conventional imaging techniques (CITs) (including mammography, chest radiography, CT, MRI, ultrasound, and bone scintigraphy). Serum tumor markers of CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 in the BC patients were also analyzed in association with the results of PET/CT.Results. Compared with CITs, PET/CT was more sensitive to detect the malignant foci and had better patient-based sensitivity and specificity. The mean CA 15-3 serum level was significantly higher in the confirmed positive patients of PET/CT results than in the confirmed negative ones, while there were no significant differences in the serum levels of CEA and CA 125 of both groups.Conclusion. PET/CT is a highly efficient tool for BC follow-up compared with CITs. The high serum levels of CA 15-3 in confirmed positive PET/CT patients indicated the clinical value of CA 15-3 in BC follow-up.

Integrated FDG-PET/CT for initial staging of breast cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 558-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. J. Khan ◽  
A. P. O’Dea ◽  
R. Dusing ◽  
P. Sharma ◽  
S. M. Roling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Invasive Breast Cancer ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Initial Staging

558 Background: Integrated FDG-PET/CT improves the diagnostic accuracy of staging of some cancers. The value of FDG-PET/CT in initial staging of breast cancer for detection of distant metastases has not been defined. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 83 consecutive women at the University of Kansas Medical Center who had a FDG-PET/CT from Jan 2005 to July 2006, at the time of initial diagnosis of invasive breast cancer. Women with symptoms suspicious for metastatic disease were excluded. Radiographic reports and patient charts were reviewed. All suspicious CT scans were re-read by a single radiologist who was blinded to the PET results. All suspicious scans were confirmed either by a biopsy or follow-up scans according to the discretion of the treating physician. Results: Median age was 52. 23 (28%) cancers were stage I, 44 (53%) stage II and 16 (19%) were stage III. 15/83 (18%) women had a suspicious FDG-PET/CT. Only 2 of these 15 women were confirmed to have metastatic disease, while 13 (16 %) had a false positive (FP) scan. In 5 women where both CT and PET were suspicious, 2 were true positives (TP) whereas 3 were FP. All 3 women who had suspicious PET but a non-suspicious CT were FP. All 7 women who had a non-suspicious PET and a suspicious CT were FP. PET influenced the CT classification by the radiologist in 5 (6%) women. 71/83 (86%) women had a negative or a non-suspicious CT. 3 women had lesions classified as non-suspicious with the help of a negative PET, two had lesions classified as suspicious with the help of a positive PET and seven had suspicious lesions on CT regardless of the PET. FDG-PET/CT resulted in unnecessary follow-up scans in eleven women, and unnecessary biopsies in two. One TP had metastatic bone disease. The other TP had a solitary liver metastasis detected by FDG-PET/CT which was resected and she has no evidence of disease after two years of follow-up. Conclusions: Given the high false positive rate and overall low incidence of metastases, routine use of FDG- PET/CT in asymptomatic women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer cannot be recommended. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Whole-Body Diffusion-Weighted MRI Compared to 18 FFDG PET/CT in Initial Staging and Therapy Response Assessment of Hodgkin Lymphoma in Pediatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gali Shapira-Zaltsberg ◽  
Nagwa Wilson ◽  
Esther Trejo Perez ◽  
Lesleigh Abbott ◽  
Stephen Dinning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Mri ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Initial Staging

Purpose: The aim of our study was to compare whole-body diffusion-weighted MRI (WB-DWI-MRI) to fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in the assessment of initial staging and treatment response in pediatric patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Materials and Methods: This prospective study comprised 11 children with Hodgkin lymphoma. Whole-body DWI-MRI and FDG-PET/CT were obtained at baseline and after 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Two radiologists measured the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the sites of involvement agreed upon in consensus and 1 nuclear medicine physician assessed the PET/CT. Reliability of radiologists’ ratings was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,1). The sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of DW-MRI relative to PET/CT were calculated for nodal and extranodal sites. The patients were staged according to both modalities. Association of treatment responses was assessed through the Pearson correlation between the ADC ratios and the change standardized uptake value (SUV) between baseline and follow-up. Results: There was good agreement between the raters for nodal and extranodal ADC measurements. The sensitivity and PPV of DW-MRI relative to PET/CT of nodal disease was 0.651 and 1.0, respectively, at baseline, and 0.697 and 0.885 at follow-up. The sensitivity and PPV of extranodal disease were 0.545 and 0.6 at baseline, and 0.167 and 0.333 at follow-up. Diffusion-weighted MRI determined correct tumor stage in 8 of 11 examinations. There was poor correlation between the ADC ratios and the absolute change in SUV between baseline and follow-up (0.348). Conclusion: Our experience showed that WB-DWI-MRI is inferior to PET/CT for initial staging and assessment of treatment response of Hodgkin lymphoma in pediatric patients.

Prediction of lymph node metastase in NSCLC

2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (05) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Beyer ◽  
B. Buerke ◽  
J. Gerss ◽  
K. Scheffe ◽  
M. Puesken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Axial Diameter ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

SummaryPurpose: To distinguish between benign and malignant mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with NSCLC by comparing 2D and semiautomated 3D measurements in FDG-PET-CT.Patients, material, methods: FDG-PET-CT was performed in 46 patients prior to therapy. 299 mediastinal lymph-nodes were evaluated independently by two radiologists, both manually and by semi-automatic segmentation software. Longest-axial-diameter (LAD), shortest-axial-diameter (SAD), maximal-3D-diameter, elongation and volume were obtained. FDG-PET-CT and clinical/FDG-PET-CT follow up examinations and/or histology served as the reference standard. Statistical analysis encompassed intra-class-correlation-coefficients and receiver-operator-characteristics-curves (ROC). Results: The standard of reference revealed involvement in 87 (29%) of 299 lymph nodes. Manually and semi-automatically measured 2D parameters (LAD and SAD) showed a good correlation with mean

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