Measuring the impact of the ixtoc I oil spill on visitation at three Texas public coastal parks

AbstractIn order to assess the potential impact from oil spills and decide the optimal response actions, prediction of population level effects of key resources is crucial. These assessments are usually based on acute toxicity data combined with precautionary assumptions because chronic data are often lacking. To better understand the consequences of applying precautionary approaches, two approaches for assessing population level effects on the Arctic keystone species polar cod (Boreogadus saida) were compared: a precautionary approach, where all exposed individuals die when exposed above a defined threshold concentration, and a refined (full-dose-response) approach. A matrix model was used to assess the population recovery duration of scenarios with various but constant exposure concentrations, durations and temperatures. The difference between the two approaches was largest for exposures with relatively low concentrations and short durations. Here, the recovery duration for the refined approach was less than eight times that found for the precautionary approach. Quantifying these differences helps to understand the consequences of precautionary assumptions applied to environmental risk assessment used in oil spill response decision making and it can feed into the discussion about the need for more chronic toxicity testing. An elasticity analysis of our model identified embryo and larval survival as crucial processes in the life cycle of polar cod and the impact assessment of oil spills on its population.

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THE IMPACT OF THE SEA EMPRESS OIL SPILL ON BIRDS OF THE PEMBROKESHIRE COAST AND ISLANDS

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-217 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 1997 (1) ◽

pp. 217-225

Author(s):

Stephen J. Parr ◽

Robert J. Haycock ◽

Malcolm E. Smith

Keyword(s):

Oil Spill ◽

Sublethal Effects ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Adult Survival ◽

Bird Populations ◽

Seabird Colony ◽

Large Numbers ◽

International Importance ◽

Inshore Waters ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT Much of the Pembrokeshire coast and islands, together with its inshore waters, are of international importance for their breeding seabirds and wintering seaduck. Although the Sea Empress oil spill occurred before the breeding season, some 7000 oiled birds were recovered dead or alive. The impact of the oil spill on birds can be classified as follows: immediate mortality especially of more than 4500 wintering common scoter in Carmarthen Bay; sublethal effects on productivity of colonies and reduced adult survival from oil or dispersant ingestion; and chronic effects on bird populations from long-term pollution, particularly of prey. A range of monitoring and research projects are under way to investigate the impact, but it is premature to provide many results. The oil spill probably caused significant local declines in seabird colony sizes, especially of guillemot. The impact on common scoter will prove difficult to determine because of the poor quality and high variability of preincident data. Large numbers of oiled birds, particularly common scoter, were treated and subsequently released. The successful rehabilitation of such released birds is controversial; research and review results will be reported.

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Special Session: The Impact of the Gulf Coast Oil Spill on Chemical Engineering Education Gulf Coast Oil Spill Clean-up Technologies Using Absorbent Materials

10.18260/1-2--18370 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Willie (Skip) Rochefort ◽

Gail Gerdemann

Keyword(s):

Engineering Education ◽

Oil Spill ◽

Chemical Engineering ◽

Gulf Coast ◽

Special Session ◽

Chemical Engineering Education ◽

The Impact

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ANALISA PENCEMARAN LAUT OLEH PTT EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION (PTTEP) AUSTRALASIA TERHADAP LAUT TIMOR INDONESIA

Jurnal PIR : Power in International Relations ◽

10.22303/pir.4.2.2020.127-136 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 127

Author(s):

Paulin Yosephin Marini ◽

Sherlly Monica Bonsapia ◽

Johni R.V. Korwa

Keyword(s):

Oil Spill ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Marine Ecosystem ◽

Oil Field ◽

Australian Government ◽

Compensation Mechanisms ◽

Exploration And Production ◽

Data Collection Technique ◽

The Impact

<p><em>This study aims to analyze a blowout from an oil and gas leak owned by PTT Exploration and Production (PTTEP) Australasia in the Montara oil field in the Indonesian Timor Sea, and how to resolve disputes between Australia and Indonesia. A qualitative approach was used in this study, whilst the data collection technique was through library research. The theory of state responsibility, the concept of human security, and the concept of international maritime law are used to analyze disputes between Indonesia and Australia. The study found that the Montara oil spill had not only damaged the marine ecosystem but also polluted Indonesian waters. It also found that although the Australian government had formed a special commission to resolve cases and even used dispersant, it had not satisfied all parties. Several points are summarized. First, the Montara oil spill in Australia is a transnational study because the impact has crossed national borders. Secondly, UNCLOS has a weakness in the settlement of the Montara case because the Convention only provides a description related to ‘Responsibility of Each Country’ and does not specifically arrange material compensation mechanisms to countries that cause sea pollution. Third, the Montara oil spill has caused huge losses for Indonesian seaweed farmers, especially 13 districts in NTT. The recommendations are that the Indonesian government along with the Montara Victim Peoples’ Advocacy Team should continue to follow up the case of oil spills from the Montara platform and continue to fight for compensation to the Australian government and the PTTEP as the responsible party.</em></p>

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Environmental Management System for the Analysis of Oil Spill Risk Using Probabilistic Simulations. Application at Tarragona Monobuoy

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse8040277 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 277

Author(s):

Mariano Morell Villalonga ◽

Manuel Espino Infantes ◽

Manel Grifoll Colls ◽

Marc Mestres Ridge

Keyword(s):

Environmental Management ◽

Oil Spill ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Specific Pattern ◽

Current Data ◽

Water Current ◽

Probability Maps ◽

Port Area ◽

The Impact ◽

Pollution Events

Oil spill accidents during port operations are one of the main hydrocarbon pollution threats for coastal waters. Appropriate environmental risk assessment and pollution events management tools are needed to achieve sustainability and environmental protection in port activity. Recent developments in monitoring techniques and accurate meteo-oceanographic prediction systems have been implemented in many ports, providing tools for environmental management. A novel method based on meteo-oceanographic operational services, in conjunction with Monte Carlo experiments using an oil spill model, is implemented to perform probabilistic maps of potential pollution events. Tarragona port area was chosen as the study case for three reasons: it accommodates a hub of petrochemical industry, the availability of high-resolution wind and water current data, and previous studies at the area offer the possibility to check the results’ accuracy. The interpretation of the impact probability maps reveals a specific pattern explained by the mean hydrodynamic conditions and the energetic north-westerly wind conditions. The impact probability maps may enhance efficiency in the environmental management of port waters and nearby coastal areas, reducing the negative impact of pollutant discharges.

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Predicting the impact of future oil-spill closures on fishery-dependent communities—a spatially explicit approach

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fsz138 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Igal Berenshtein ◽

Shay O’Farrell ◽

Natalie Perlin ◽

James N Sanchirico ◽

Steven A Murawski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oil Spill ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Transport Model ◽

Gulf Coast ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Management Tool ◽

Spatially Explicit ◽

Oil Transport ◽

Fishing Fleets ◽

The Impact

Abstract Major oil spills immensely impact the environment and society. Coastal fishery-dependent communities are especially at risk as their fishing grounds are susceptible to closure because of seafood contamination threat. During the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) disaster for example, vast areas of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) were closed for fishing, resulting in coastal states losing up to a half of their fishery revenues. To predict the effect of future oil spills on fishery-dependent communities in the GoM, we develop a novel framework that combines a state-of-the-art three-dimensional oil-transport model with high-resolution spatial and temporal data for two fishing fleets—bottom longline and bandit-reel—along with data on the social vulnerability of coastal communities. We demonstrate our approach by simulating spills in the eastern and western GoM, calibrated to characteristics of the DWH spill. We find that the impacts of the eastern and western spills are strongest in the Florida and Texas Gulf coast counties respectively both for the bandit-reel and the bottom longline fleets. We conclude that this multimodal spatially explicit quantitative framework is a valuable management tool for predicting the consequences of oil spills at locations throughout the Gulf, facilitating preparedness and efficient resource allocation for future oil-spill events.

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