Is there something distinctive about psychotherapy clients’ dishonesty about self-destructive behaviors?

AbstractSelf-inflicted injury (SII) is a continuum of intentionally self-destructive behaviors, including nonsuicidal self-injuries, suicide attempts, and death by suicide. These behaviors are among the most pressing yet perplexing clinical problems, affecting males and females of every race, ethnicity, culture, socioeconomic status, and nearly every age. The complexity of these behaviors has spurred an immense literature documenting risk and vulnerability factors ranging from individual to societal levels of analysis. However, there have been relatively few attempts to articulate a life span developmental model that integrates ontogenenic processes across these diverse systems. The objective of this review is to outline such a model with a focus on how observed patterns of comorbidity and continuity can inform developmental theories, early prevention efforts, and intervention across traditional diagnostic boundaries. Specifically, when SII is viewed through the developmental psychopathology lens, it becomes apparent that early temperamental risk factors are associated with risk for SII and a range of highly comorbid conditions, such as borderline and antisocial personality disorders. Prevention efforts focused on early-emerging biological and temperamental contributors to psychopathology have great potential to reduce risk for many presumably distinct clinical problems. Such work requires identification of early biological vulnerabilities, behaviorally conditioned social mechanisms, as well as societal inequities that contribute to self-injury and underlie intergenerational transmission of risk.

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Mood and Global Symptom Changes among Psychotherapy Clients with Depressive Personality

Depression Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2012/208435 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Rachel E. Maddux ◽

Lars-Gunnar Lundh

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Self Report ◽

Treatment Results ◽

Repeated Measures Analysis ◽

Depressive Personality ◽

Symptom Changes ◽

Psychotherapy Clients ◽

Over Time

The present study assessed the rate of depressive personality (DP), as measured by the self-report instrument depressive personality disorder inventory (DPDI), among 159 clients entering psychotherapy at an outpatient university clinic. The presenting clinical profile was evaluated for those with and without DP, including levels of depressed mood, other psychological symptoms, and global severity of psychopathology. Clients were followed naturalistically over the course of therapy, up to 40 weeks, and reassessed on these variables again after treatment. Results indicated that 44 percent of the sample qualified for DP prior to treatment, and these individuals had a comparatively more severe and complex presenting disposition than those without DP. Mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine between-groups changes on mood and global severity over time, with those with DP demonstrating larger reductions on both outcome variables, although still showing more symptoms after treatment, than those without DP. Only eleven percent of the sample continued to endorse DP following treatment. These findings suggest that in routine clinical situations, psychotherapy may benefit individuals with DP.

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Borderline Personality Disorder: Associations Between Dimensional Personality Profiles and Self-Destructive Behaviors

Journal of Personality Disorders ◽

10.1521/pedi_2018_32_346 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 249-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katharina Kolbeck ◽

Steffen Moritz ◽

Julia Bierbrodt ◽

Christina Andreou

Keyword(s):

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Risk Preference ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Self Report ◽

Personality Profiles ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Destructive Behaviors

Ongoing research is shifting towards a dimensional understanding of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Aim of this study was to identify personality profiles in BPD that are predictive of self-destructive behaviors. Personality traits were assessed (n = 130) according to the five-factor model of personality (i.e., Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness) and an additional factor called Risk Preference. Self-destructive behavior parameters such as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and other borderline typical dyscontrolled behaviors (e.g., drug abuse) were assessed by self-report measures. Canonical correlation analyses demonstrated that Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness are predictors of NSSI. Further, Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Risk Preference were associated with dyscontrolled behaviors. Our results add further support on personality-relevant self-destructive behaviors in BPD. A combined diagnostic assessment could offer clinically meaningful insights about the causes of self-destruction in BPD to expand current therapeutic repertoires.

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Psychotherapy clients’ recalled treatment experiences: A survey of perceived evidence-based practice elements

Journal of Clinical Psychology ◽

10.1002/jclp.22526 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 73 (11) ◽

pp. 1534-1542 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yadi Chen ◽

James F. Boswell ◽

Carly M. Schwartzman ◽

Brittany R. Iles

Keyword(s):

Evidence Based Practice ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Practice Elements ◽

Psychotherapy Clients

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Factors Facilitating Destructive Behaviors in Nurses Towards Other Healthcare Workers in Iranian Healthcare Organizations: a Qualitative Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-189820/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mahboobeh Afzali ◽

Jamileh Mokhtari ◽

Abbas Ebadi ◽

Milad Rezaiye

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Capital City ◽

Healthcare Organizations ◽

Destructive Behavior ◽

State Hospitals ◽

Content Analysis Method ◽

Underlying Causes ◽

Resource Shortage ◽

Destructive Behaviors

Abstract Introduction: Destructive behavior is considered a chronic, deep-rooted problem in the profession of nursing. Academic articles addressing the issue have existed in literature for the past three decades. Destructive behavior costs healthcare institutions in terms of funds, and it has unpleasant impacts such as escalating absenteeism, reduced productivity, and reduced quality of care for the patients. Finding ways to eliminate such behavior requires a perception and full recognition of the factors that cause and promote it. Since destructive behavior is a complex, multi-dimensional concept that is dependent on context and the culture of the particular organization or society, this research concentrates on the factors shaping such behavior and promoting it in Iranian healthcare institutions.Material and Methods: The present study makes use of the conventional content analysis method to explore the views and experiences of nurses and other healthcare workers by interviewing 30 individuals and one focus group and recording 120 hours of observation in 6 hospitals around the capital city of Tehran comprising 2 private facilities and 4 state hospitals. The interviews were all recorded, transcribed and analyzed.Results: Through data analysis 26 subcategories and 5 main categories of underlying causes, namely, inappropriate organizational mindset, ineffectual management, complex conditions of work in the nursing occupation, unprofessional standards of education and training for nurses, and personal contributions were identified.Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that the main factors promoting destructive behavior in Iranian healthcare organizations are the organizations themselves. To solve the problem of destructive behaviors organizational problems such as ineffectual management, shortage of facilities and infrastructures, a chronic human resource shortage, institutionalized injustice stemming from a state of physicians’ oligarchy, favoritism as a cultural trait, and systematic bullying must first be tackled.

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