Association between continued cannabis use during pregnancy and symptoms of anxiety and depression

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Katrina Mark ◽  
Linda Otieno ◽  
Ellen Moore ◽  
Amna Zehra ◽  
Mary Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Anxiety And Depression

scholarly journals Childhood sexual abuse and psychosis: data from a cross-sectional national psychiatric survey in England

2011 ◽  
Vol 199 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bebbington ◽  
Sarah Jonas ◽  
Elizabeth Kuipers ◽  
Michael King ◽  
Claudia Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

BackgroundA number of studies in a range of samples attest a link between childhood sexual abuse and psychosis.AimsTo use data from a large representative general population sample (Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007) to test hypotheses that childhood sexual abuse is linked to psychosis, and that the relationship is consistent with mediation by revictimisation experiences, heavy cannabis use, anxiety and depression.MethodThe prevalence of psychosis was established operationally in a representative cross-sectional survey of the adult household population of England (n = 7353). Using computer-assisted self-interview, a history of various forms of sexual abuse was established, along with the date of first abuse.ResultsSexual abuse before the age of 16 was strongly associated with psychosis, particularly if it involved non-consensual sexual intercourse (odds ratio (OR) = 10.14, 95% CI 4.8–21.3, population attributable risk fraction 14%). There was evidence of partial mediation by anxiety and depression, but not by heavy cannabis use nor revictimisation in adulthood.ConclusionsThe association between childhood sexual abuse and psychosis was large, and may be causal. These results have important implications for the nature and aetiology of psychosis, for its treatment and for primary prevention.

Discontinuing cannabis improves depression in people with multiple sclerosis: A short report

2020 ◽  
pp. 135245852093407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Feinstein ◽  
Cecilia Meza ◽  
Cristiana Stefan ◽  
W Richard Staines
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Cannabis Withdrawal ◽  
Depression Change

To assess whether symptoms of depression change when people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) discontinue cannabis use, 40 cognitively impaired pwMS who smoked cannabis almost daily were randomly assigned to either a cannabis continuation (CC) or cannabis withdrawal (CW) group. Both groups were followed for 28 days. All participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. At day 28 the 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydro-cannabinol (THCCOOH)/creatinine ratio in the CW group declined to zero ( p = 0.0001), but remained unchanged in the CC group ( p = 0.709). Depression scores in those pwMS who were using cannabis to manage their depression remained statistically unchanged in the CC group, but declined in the CW group ( p = 0.006). Despite pwMS using cannabis to help their mood, depression improved significantly off the drug. Our finding provides a cautionary note in relation to cannabis use in pwMS, at least with respect to depression.

Does occasional cannabis use impact anxiety and depression treatment outcomes?: results from a randomized effectiveness trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Bricker ◽  
Joan Russo ◽  
Murray B. Stein ◽  
Cathy Sherbourne ◽  
Michelle Craske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Treatment ◽  
Effectiveness Trial

scholarly journals Assessing Changes in Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety During Four Weeks of Cannabis Abstinence Among Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Cooke ◽  
Jodi M. Gilman ◽  
Erin Lamberth ◽  
Natali Rychik ◽  
Brenden Tervo-Clemmens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Contingency Management ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Significant Symptom

Background: Cannabis use is prevalent among adolescents, and many report using in attempts to alleviate negative mood and anxiety. Abstinence from substances such as alcohol and tobacco has been reported to improve symptoms of anxiety and depression. Few studies have examined the effect of cannabis abstinence on symptoms of anxiety and depression.Objective: To test the effect of 4 weeks of continuous cannabis abstinence on depressive and anxious symptoms.Methods: Healthy, non-treatment seeking adolescents who used cannabis at least weekly (n = 179) were randomized to either 4 weeks of cannabis abstinence achieved through a contingency management paradigm (CB-Abst) or cannabis use monitoring without an abstinence requirement (CB-Mon). Abstinence was assessed by self-report verified with quantitative assay of urine for cannabinoids. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed weekly with the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ).Results: Symptoms of depression and anxiety decreased throughout the study for all participants (MASQ-AA: stnd beta = −0.08, p = 0.01, MASQ-GDA: stnd beta = −0.11, p = 0.003, MASQ-GDD: stnd beta = −0.08, p = 0.02) and did not differ significantly between randomization groups (p's > 0.46). Exploratory analyses revealed a trend that abstinence may be associated with greater improvement in symptoms of anxiety and depression among those using cannabis to cope with negative affect and those with potentially hazardous levels of cannabis use.Conclusions: Among adolescents who use cannabis at least weekly, 4 weeks of cannabis abstinence was not associated with a significant change in anxiety or depressive symptoms compared to continued use. For recreational cannabis users who may be concerned about reducing their use for fear of increased symptoms of anxiety and depression, findings suggest that significant symptom worsening may not occur within the first 4 weeks of abstinence. Further studies are needed in clinical populations where anxiety and depression symptoms are measured more frequently and for a longer period of abstinence. Future studies are also needed to determine whether there are subgroups of adolescents who are uniquely impacted by sustained cannabis abstinence.

scholarly journals Cannabis use and the risk of anxiety and depression in women: A comparison of three Swedish cohorts

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 108332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rynaz Rabiee ◽  
Andreas Lundin ◽  
Emilie Agardh ◽  
Gunnel Hensing ◽  
Peter Allebeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Anxiety And Depression

Cannabis use and the Risk Behavior Syndrome in Italian University Students: Are They Related to Suicide Risk?

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 577-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Innamorati ◽  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
Vincenzo Ferrari ◽  
Paolo Girardi ◽  
Roberto Tatarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Convenience Sample

The aim of this study was to examine the association of cannabis use with risky behaviors and suicide risk in university students. A convenience sample of 246 students was recruited from four universities in Rome during the 2004 academic year. Participants completed the Zung scales for anxiety and depression, the Suicide Score Scale, and an ad hoc questionnaire assessing risky behaviors. The findings indicated a widespread use of cannabis among students and its association with risky behaviors, anxiety and depression, and suicide risk. A regression tree analysis resulted in 3 splits indicating that the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale is a good predictor of suicide risk, discriminating individuals at lower risk from those at higher risk. Individuals at higher risk for suicide could also be discriminated by self-reported lifetime drug use. Limitations of the study are related to the small sample size and use of a convenience sample.

Determining Emotional Tone and Verbal Behavior in Patients With Tinnitus and Hyperacusis: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 660-672
Author(s):  
Suzanne H. Kimball ◽  
Toby Hamilton ◽  
Erin Benear ◽  
Jonathan Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Verbal Behavior ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Emotional Tone ◽  
Explanatory Mixed Methods ◽  
Quantitative Results

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the emotional tone and verbal behavior of social media users who self-identified as having tinnitus and/or hyperacusis that caused self-described negative consequences on daily life or health. Research Design and Method An explanatory mixed-methods design was utilized. Two hundred “initial” and 200 “reply” Facebook posts were collected from members of a tinnitus group and a hyperacusis group. Data were analyzed via the LIWC 2015 software program and compared to typical bloggers. As this was an explanatory mixed-methods study, we used qualitative thematic analyses to explain, interpret, and illustrate the quantitative results. Results Overall, quantitative results indicated lower overall emotional tone for all categories (tinnitus and hyperacusis, initial and reply), which was mostly influenced by higher negative emotion. Higher levels of authenticity or truth were found in the hyperacusis sample but not in the tinnitus sample. Lower levels of clout (social standing) were indicated in all groups, and a lower level of analytical thinking style (concepts and complex categories rather than narratives) was found in the hyperacusis sample. Additional analysis of the language indicated higher levels of sadness and anxiety in all groups and lower levels of anger, particularly for initial replies. These data support prior findings indicating higher levels of anxiety and depression in this patient population based on the actual words in blog posts and not from self-report questionnaires. Qualitative results identified 3 major themes from both the tinnitus and hyperacusis texts: suffering, negative emotional tone, and coping strategies. Conclusions Results from this study suggest support for the predominant clinical view that patients with tinnitus and hyperacusis have higher levels of anxiety and depression than the general population. The extent of the suffering described and patterns of coping strategies suggest clinical practice patterns and the need for research in implementing improved practice plans.

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