The study on yield acceleration and permanent displacement of broken-back gravity quay walls – a case study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Hamid Alielahi ◽  
Zia addin Nadernia
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Displacement ◽  
Yield Acceleration

scholarly journals Failure probability assessment of landslides triggered by earthquakes and rainfall: a case study in Yadong County, Tibet, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixia Chen ◽  
Le Mei ◽  
Bin Zeng ◽  
Kunlong Yin ◽  
Dhruba Pikha Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Threshold ◽  
Permanent Displacement ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Landslide Hazards ◽  
Threshold Distribution ◽  
2015 Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Seismic Landslide

Abstract Yadong County located in the southern Himalayan mountains in Tibet, China, is an import frontier county. It was affected by landslides after the 2011 Sikkim earthquake (Mw = 6.8) and the 2015 Gorkha earthquake (Mw = 7.8). Casualties and property damage were caused by shallow landslides during subsequent rainfall on the earthquake-destabilized slopes. Existing researches have generally examined rainfall- and earthquake-triggered landslides independently, whereas few studies have considered the combined effects of both. Furthermore, there is no previous study reported on landslide hazards in the study area, although the area is strategically applicable for trade as it is close to Bhutan and India. This study developed a new approach that coupled the Newmark method with the hydrological model based on geomorphological, geological, geotechnical, seismological and rainfall data. A rainfall threshold distribution map was generated, indicating that the southeast part of Yadong is prone to rainfall-induced landslides, especially when daily rainfall is higher than 45 mm/day. Permanent displacement predictions were used to identify landslide hazard zones. The regression model used to calculate these permanent displacement values was 71% accurate. Finally, landslide probability distribution maps were generated separately for dry and wet conditions with rainfall of varying intensities. Results can serve as a basis for local governments to manage seismic landslide risks during rainy seasons.

Yield acceleration and permanent displacement of a slope reinforced with a row of drilled shafts

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 68-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Erfani Joorabchi ◽  
Robert Y. Liang ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Hanlong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drilled Shafts ◽  
Permanent Displacement ◽  
Yield Acceleration

Probabilistic investigation of the seismic displacement of earth slopes under stochastic ground motion: A rotational sliding block analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ji ◽  
Chen-Wei Wang ◽  
Yufeng Gao ◽  
L.M. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Stability ◽  
Logarithmic Scale ◽  
Arias Intensity ◽  
Permanent Displacement ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Earth Slopes ◽  
Dynamic Yield ◽  
Yield Acceleration

Earthquakes frequently induce landslides and other natural disasters that have a huge impact on human life and properties. In geotechnical engineering, evaluation of the seismic stability of earth slopes has been attracting great research interests. In this regard, the Newmark permanent displacement provides a simple yet effective index of slope co-seismic performance. Traditional Newmark method involves many assumptions and the displacement results thereby calculated are subjected to various degrees of uncertainty. In this paper, a modified rotational sliding block model considering depth-dependent shear strength and dynamic yield acceleration is established. The seismic critical slip surface is analysed through a pseudo-static approach, and the failure volume is larger than that in the static condition. The dynamic yield acceleration is updated by considering the instantaneous movement of the sliding mass in each time-step. The parametric sensitivity of soil shear strength, slope shape and Arias intensity to the permanent displacement is also analysed. The results show that the internal friction angle and the cohesion have equal effects on the permanent displacement. On a logarithmic scale, the displacement approximately linearly correlates with Arias intensity. Furthermore, the underlying uncertainty of the ground motion is introduced to obtain the probabilistic distribution of the seismic slope displacement. The uncertainty of earthquake details has considerable influence on the permanent displacement results.

Evaluation of seismic slope-performance models using a regional case study

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott B. Miles ◽  
David K. Keefer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Performance Models ◽  
Permanent Displacement ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Predominant Period ◽  
Motion Descriptor ◽  
Newmark Displacement

Abstract This paper compares four permanent displacement models based on Newmark's sliding-block analogy for assessing regional seismic slope-performance. The models vary primarily by the ground motion descriptor used to correlate with Newmark displacement. The first uses peak ground-acceleration (PGA). The second uses PGA but normalizes displacements by predominant period and equivalent cycles. The third uses Arias intensity. The fourth calculates cumulative displacements from double-integrating simulated earthquake accelerograms. The models are implemented in a GIS to characterize seismic slope-performance for the Oakland East quadrangle near San Francisco, California. The resulting slope-performance maps are compared visually and through statistical analysis to expose potential differences and assess the effects of using a particular approach within a decision-making context. These maps were created for the purpose of comparison and are not suitable for use as critical decision-making tools. The models forecast notably different levels of slope-performance, with the PGA-based models predicting the greatest Newmark displacement on average. Thus, considering the variety of slope-performance models, it is suggested that practitioners avoid reliance on a single model. Instead, multiple models can be implemented in a GIS framework to gain a better perspective of the potential hazard and make a more informed decision.

scholarly journals A Review of the Methods Calculating the Horizontal Displacement for Modular Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8681
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Cai ◽  
Shaoqiu Zhang ◽  
Sihan Li ◽  
Honglu Xu ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Peak Acceleration ◽  
Permanent Displacement ◽  
Displacement Prediction ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Yield Acceleration ◽  
Soil Retaining Walls

Most of the damage to reinforced retaining walls is caused by excessive deformation; however, there is no calculation method for deformation under static and dynamic loads in the design codes of reinforced soil retaining walls. In this paper, by collecting the measured displacement data from four actual projects, four indoor prototype tests and two indoor model tests under a total of 10 static load conditions, and comparing the calculation results with seven theoretical methods, the results show that the FHWA method is more applicable to the permanent displacement prediction of indoor prototype tests and that the CTI method is more applicable to the permanent displacement prediction of actual projects and indoor model tests. Two yield acceleration calculation methods and four permanent displacement calculation formulas were selected to calculate the displacement response of two reinforced soil test models under seismic loads and compared with the measured values, and the results showed that the Ausilio yield acceleration solution method was better. When the input peak acceleration ranges from 0.1 to 0.6 g, the Richards and Elms upper limit method is used, and when the input peak acceleration is 0.6–1.0 g, the Newmark upper limit method can predict the permanent displacement of the retaining wall more accurately.

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

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