scholarly journals Mapping post crises the European job growth in travel agencies and tour operator reservation services

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Adriana Grigorescu ◽  
Cristina Lincaru ◽  
Speranta Pirciog ◽  
Razvan-Ion Chitescu
Keyword(s):  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Job Growth ◽  
Tour Operator

PENGARUH PENYELENGGARAAN HAJI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS EKONOMl DI WILAYAH PROPINSI DKI JAKARTA

ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Chairul Akmal
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Travel Agency ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

This research analyzes some factors affecting economic activities in relation with the conduct of pilgrimage. Those factors are the pilgrimage cost, the amount of pilgrims, and the amount of pilgrimage officers. The objective of this research is to acquire the information of how each factor and all factors together affect the economic activities. This research also analyzes the effect of foods and drinks expenses, the effect of nonfoods and drinks expenses, and the effect of miscellaneous expenses on UMKM - Micro, Small, Medium enterprises' economic activities.             This research is conducted in DKI Jakarta in 2007. The population of this research is the average economic activities in DKI Jakarta in 2007. There are 42 respondents (Banks), 157 respondents (travel agencies), and 50 respondents (UMKM - Micro, Small, Medium enterprises) which are taken as samples from the population using the purposive sampling method. The data is obtained by the researcher using questioners and secondary data which is taken from 1990-2007.             The methodology used in this research is based on. the causal relationship model In testing the hypothesis of this research, the researcher uses the simple and multiple regression methods, and path analysis method. The significant rate a = 0,05 used in determining the interpretation of the statistic result. The data is processed using SPSS (Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences) version 12.00.             The results of the analysis in the 1st equation -are (i) the effect of the pilgrimage cost on banks' revenues is quite strong, (ii) the effect of the pilgrimage cost on travel agencies' revenues is quite strong, (iii) the effect of the pilgrimage cost on UMKM - Micro, Small, Medium enterprises' revenues is weak.             The results of the analysis in the 2nd equation are (i) the effect, of the amount of pilgrims on Banks' revenues is very weak, (ii) the effect of the amount of pilgrims on travel agencies' revenues is very weak, (iii) the effect of the amount of pilgrims on UMKM - Micro, Smal4 Medium enterprises' revenues is very weak.             The results of the analysis in the 3rd equation are (i) the effect of the amount of pilgrimage officers on banks' revenues is very weak, (ii) the effect of the amount of pilgrimage officers on travel agencies' revenues is very weak, (iii) the effect of the amount officers on UMKM-Micro, Small Medium enterprises' revenues is very weak.   The results of the analysis in the 4th equation are (i) the effect of all three factors which are the pilgrimage cost, the amount of pilgrims, and the amount of pilgrimage officers simultaneously on banks' revenues is very strong, (ii) The effect of all three factors which are pilgrimage costs, the amount of pilgrims, and the amount of pilgrimage officers simultaneously on travel agencies' revenues is strong, (iii) The effect of all three factors which are pilgrimage costs, the amount of pilgrims, and the amount of pilgrimage officers simultaneously on UMKM-Micro, Small Medium enterprises' revenues is strong.             The result of the analysis in the 5th equation is the effect of foods and drinks expenses on UMKM-Micro, Small Medium enterprises' revenues is weak. In the 6th equation, the effect of nonfoods and drinks expenses on UMKM-Micro, small Medium enterprises' revenues is weak. In the 7th equation, the effect of miscellaneous expenses on UMKM - Micro, Small Medium enterprises' revenues is quite strong. In the 8th equation, the effect of all three factors which are the effect of foods and drinks expenses, the effect of nonfoods and drinks expenses, and the effect of miscellaneous expenses simultaneously on UMKM-Micro, Small Medium enterprises' revenues is quite strong.             The implication of the research results mentioned above is the factors in the conduct of pilgrimage do increase the economic activities (Banks, Travel Agencies, and UMKM - Micro, Smal4 Medium enterprises) in DKI Jakarta. Therefore, considering that matter, the General Director of the conduct of pilgrimage division of Department of Religion Republic of Indonesia should determine the pilgrimage cost which is affordable, increase the service, and provide a good information system which will result in a better conduct of the pilgrimage. Key word: The Costs of Hajj, Hajj Officer, Travel Agency, UMKM

FROM BUSINESS STRATEGY AND SOCIAL CAPITAL PERSPECTIVE TO TRAVEL AGENCIES’ COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 310-310
Author(s):  
Chih-Hsing Liu ◽  
◽  
Jeou-Shyan Horng ◽  
Sheng-Fang Chou ◽  
Yung-Chuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Social Capital Perspective

Challenges for Entrepreneurs of ‘Religious Tourism Circuits’: A Study of ‘Holy City’ Kurukshetra

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reeti Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Restaurant Owners ◽  
Holy City

Government of India launched a ‘Swadesh Darshan Scheme’ in January 2015 that pinpoints 13 designated circuits including Ramayana circuit, Krishna Circuit, Buddhist Circuit, and Spiritual Circuit to promote religious and cultural tourism in the country. Kurukshetra is a ‘Holy City’ of State of Haryana that is recently been added in ‘Krishna Religious Tourism Circuit’. ‘Krishna Circuit’ embraces inherent mythology and beliefs pertaining to Lord Krishna and includes different place of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujrat, and Odisha for tourism facilitation. This scheme is alleged to contribute significantly in increasing the attractiveness of certain religious tourist destinations. Tourism entrepreneurs like hoteliers, restaurant owners, tour operators, travel agencies as well as religious entrepreneurs (Shinde, 2010) such as religious gurus, priests and managers of temples and ashrams are expected to get benefited from the initiatives proposed in the scheme in varied ways. Given the significant role of this scheme for growth of entrepreneurs, the present study aims to highlight the challenges faced by entrepreneurs that deserve attention of policy makers.

The politics of the Hajj organisation in Senegal: security, legitimation and clientelism

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Cédric Jourde ◽  
Marie Brossier ◽  
Muriel Gomez-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Symbolic Resources ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Security Concerns ◽  
And Control ◽  
Monitor And Control

ABSTRACTThis article analyses how the state in Senegal has managed the hajj since the liberalisation era in the early 2000s. Although the essence of the hajj is religious, it is also deeply political and requires that the state manages complex relations with pilgrims, religious leaders, private travel agencies, politicians and Saudi authorities. This article argues that three inter-related imperatives structure the conduct of the Senegalese state: a security imperative, a legitimation imperative, and a clientelistic imperative. Security concerns lead the state to monitor and control pilgrims travelling to Mecca. Legitimation is seen in the collaborative relations with Sûfi orders and in the framing of the hajj organisation as a ‘public service’. Finally, given the magnitude of financial and symbolic resources attached to the hajj, clientelistic relations are constitutive of state officials’ actions. Overall, despite the post-2000 liberalisation of the hajj, the state has maintained its role as a gatekeeper, regulator and supervisor.

Manufacturing Distress: Race, Redevelopment, and the EB-5 Program in Central Brooklyn

2021 ◽  
pp. 089692052098661
Author(s):  
Amanda T. Boston
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Neighborhoods ◽  
Uneven Development ◽  
Black Communities ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Job Growth

Gentrification’s racial consequences are garnering increased attention as the process advances into majority–minority urban neighborhoods. This study examines the EB-5 Immigrant Investor Program’s implementation in Brooklyn, New York to ground these trends in policies through which gentrification is promoted, histories of racism and uneven development against which they are unfolding, and their disparate impacts on Black communities. While the program purports to use foreign investment to promote job growth in high unemployment areas, its financing of multimillion and billion-dollar development projects facilitates the displacement of longtime residents of the very places the initiative was designed to improve. Central Brooklyn and its outlying areas, home to one of the largest contiguous Black communities in the United States, are host to numerous EB-5 projects that have failed to produce sustainable job growth for existing residents and heightened the growing crisis of unaffordability. My analysis shows how EB-5 projects have enabled investors to use distressed areas disproportionately inhabited by poor and working-class Black communities to qualify for funding, while redistributing benefits upward to wealthy developers and affluent residents and consumers. Ultimately, the EB-5 program and other neoliberal, colorblind urban development policies exacerbate existing racial inequalities in the organization and operation of urban space.

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